Music Therapy in Sickle Cell Transition Study

August 7, 2019 updated by: Samuel Rodgers-Melnick, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center

The Effects of Music Therapy on Transition Outcomes in Young Adult Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the BEATS Music Therapy Program on the self-efficacy, trust, knowledge, and adherence of young adult patients with sickle cell disease during transition.

Primary Hypotheses:

Compared to baseline, young adult patients with sickle cell disease who receive the music therapy interventions will report:

  1. Higher sickle cell self-efficacy as measured by the Sickle Cell Self Efficacy Scale (SCSES),
  2. Higher trust in health care providers as measured by the Wake Forest Trust in the Medical Profession Scale, and
  3. Higher sickle cell disease knowledge as measured by the Seidman Sickle Cell Knowledge Quiz.

Secondary Hypotheses

1. Compared to the one year prior to the study period, young adults with sickle cell disease who receive the music therapy interventions will have a higher rate of adherence to clinic appointments during the one-year study period.

Additional Questions

  1. Do music therapy interventions influence attendance to scheduled blood transfusions?
  2. Do music therapy interventions influence the rate of hospital utilization as measured by Emergency Department visits, Acute Care Clinic visits, and admissions during the study period compared to the previous year?
  3. Do music therapy interventions influence adherence to hydroxyurea therapy for patients receiving hydroxyurea as measured by change in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) during the study period?
  4. Do music therapy interventions influence adherence to iron chelation therapy for patients receiving iron chelation therapy as measured by ferritin count during the study period?

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
30

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Ohio
      • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106
        • University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 23 years (ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Subject is between 18 and 23 years of age
  • Subject is diagnosed with sickle cell disease
  • Subject is able to speak and understand English
  • Subject is currently scheduled for quarterly appointments in the Bridge Clinic

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Subject has significant hearing impairment that has not been corrected
  • Subject has significant visual impairment that has not been corrected

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: NA
  • Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
  • Masking: NONE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
EXPERIMENTAL: Music Therapy Group
Music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music interventions to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program. Music therapy is an established health profession in which music is used within a therapeutic relationship to address physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs of individuals (American Music Therapy Association [AMTA], 2013, para 1 and 2).
Behavioral: Music Therapy
During the educational music therapy intervention, member(s) of the Adult Sickle Cell Disease team will share with the patients the medical information pertinent to the appointment, ask health related questions of the patients and respond to any pertinent inquiries. The Music Therapist will then engage the patients and member(s) of the Adult Sickle Cell Disease team in a music therapy intervention designed to teach and reinforce the skills and knowledge presented. These music therapy interventions may include but are not limited to original songs/rap/instrumental playing, vocal and/or instrumental improvisation, patient-contributed lyrics, mnemonics, and stress and pain reducing strategies. The music therapy interventions will be tailored to best convey the educational message.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change (T1 - T5) From Baseline in Scores on the Sickle Cell Self-Efficacy Scale (SCSES)
Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), 9 months (T4), 12 months (T5), change (T1-T5) in least square mean from T1 to T5 reported
Self-efficacy is the conviction that one can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcome. (Bandura, 1997, p. 193). The SCSES is a nine-item Likert scale originally developed for adults with sickle cell disease (Edwards, Telfair, Cecil, & Lenoci, 2000) and revised in a follow up study by Clay and Telfair (2007) for adolescents using a sample of 131 individuals age 11-19. The total score is reported with a minimum score of 9 and a maximum score of 45. Higher scores represent higher/better self-efficacy.
Baseline (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), 9 months (T4), 12 months (T5), change (T1-T5) in least square mean from T1 to T5 reported
Change (T1-T5) From Baseline in Scores on the Wake Forest Trust in the Medical Profession Scale
Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), 9 months (T4), 12 months (T5), change (T1-T5) in least square mean from T1 to T5 reported
Patient trust is the optimistic acceptance of a vulnerable situation in which the patient believes the health-care provider will take care of the patient's interests (Dugan, Trachtenberg, & Hall, 2005).The Wake Forest Trust in the Medical Profession Scale is a five-item scale in which respondents express their level of agreement with the following statements: 1) Sometimes doctors care more about what is convenient for them than about their patients' medical needs (reverse coded); 2) Doctors are extremely thorough and careful; 3) You completely trust doctors' decisions about which medical treatments are best; 4) A doctor would never mislead you about anything; 5) All in all, you trust your doctor completely. Responses are summed and scores are on a 5-25 scale, with higher values indicating greater trust.
Baseline (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), 9 months (T4), 12 months (T5), change (T1-T5) in least square mean from T1 to T5 reported
Change (T1-T5) From Baseline in Scores on the Seidman Sickle Cell Knowledge Quiz
Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), 9 months (T4), 12 months (T5), change (T1-T5) in least square mean from T1 to T5 reported
Sickle Cell Disease knowledge will be measured using the Seidman Sickle Cell Knowledge Quiz developed specifically for this study. The Seidman Sickle Cell Knowledge Quiz is adapted from questions from the Sickle Cell Disease Knowledge Test (Kaslow et al., 2000) and How Much Do I Know About Sickle Cell Disease (Baskin, Collins, Kaslow, & Hsu, 2002). The total score is reported with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 12. Higher scores represent greater knowledge of sickle cell disease.
Baseline (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), 9 months (T4), 12 months (T5), change (T1-T5) in least square mean from T1 to T5 reported

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Percentage of Attended Clinic Appointments During the One-year Study Period.
Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 12 months (T5)
Adherence is the extent to which a person's behavior coincides with medical or prescribed health advice (Julius, 2009). Adherence will be measured regularly throughout the study via medical record review. In order to assess adherence, the following data will be obtained from the medical record on each patient throughout the study period: 1) Total scheduled clinic visits with Adult Sickle Cell Disease Clinic, 2) Number of missed clinic visits to Adult Sickle Cell Disease Clinic due to no show, cancellation, or rescheduling. Adherence to clinic appointments is calculated as total number of attended clinic visits divided by total number of scheduled clinic visits (including no shows) multiplied by 100. The reported adherence percentage is the difference between percentage of visits attended during the 12 months study period minus the percentage of visits attended during the 12 months before the study period.
Baseline (T1), 12 months (T5)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Kulas Foundation

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Samuel N Rodgers-Melnick, MT-BC, University Hospitals

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 1, 2015

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 1, 2016

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 4, 2015

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 4, 2015

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 9, 2015

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 13, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 7, 2019

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 03-15-30

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