PHAT Life: Preventing HIV/AIDS Among Teens in Juvenile Justice (PHAT Life)

April 30, 2018 updated by: Geri Donenberg, University of Illinois at Chicago
PHAT Life: Preventing HIV/AIDS Among Teens, is a uniquely-tailored intervention designed for recently-arrested juvenile offenders on probation. The program will teach teens about HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infections, and safer decision-making. The PHAT Life Research Study is a 2-arm randomized controlled trial of the PHAT Life Intervention. The investigators will test and compare PHAT Life to the health promotion control group on adolescent risky sexual behavior, substance use, and theoretical mediators.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

High rates of mental illness, HIV/AIDS/STI, and incarceration among African Americans (AA) reflect significant health disparities, particularly among youth. Teens in juvenile justice are disproportionately AA, and compared to the general population, juvenile offenders (JO) report more risky sexual behavior, drug and alcohol use, and psychiatric disorders, and are more likely to test positive for STIs. Still, few empirically-supported, theoretically-driven programs exist to address their negative health outcomes. This proposal addresses these health disparities by testing an innovative and uniquely tailored HIV/AIDS/STI, mental health, and substance use program designed for and pilot tested with recently arrested 13 - 17 year-old urban males and females (85% African American, 14% Latino/a) released on probation. PHAT Life was derived from a carefully staged process that included an active, diverse, multi-disciplinary advisory board, a youth advisory board, focus groups, two pilot tests, extensive feedback, and a series of curriculum revisions over three years. The R34 established feasibility and acceptability, revealed positive youth and stakeholder feedback, and yielded good preliminary outcomes at 3-month follow-up (e.g., increased condom use) to justify an efficacy trial. This application proposes a 2-arm randomized controlled trial to test PHAT Life versus a health promotion program with recently arrested 13-17 year-old male and female, mostly ethnic minority JO (as representative of Cook County) on probation in Chicago. The investigators will use the procedures and methods established in the developmental study to recruit, enroll, assess, track, and intervene with teens. Investigators will randomly assign youth to PHAT Life (N=150) or a health promotion control group (N=150). The interventions will be delivered in single sex groups of 5 - 7 teens at Evening Reporting Centers. Assessments will occur at baseline, 6-, and 12-months post-treatment, and participants will be screened for three common STIs (Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Trichamonas) at baseline and 12-month follow-up. All youth who test positive for an STI will receive single dose antibiotic treatment free of charge. An intent-to-treat analysis will be used to test and compare PHAT Life to the health promotion control group on adolescent risky sexual behavior, substance use, and theoretical mediators. This study answers a compelling need for innovative prevention programs that address the intersecting health disparities of mental illness and HIV/AIDS/STIs among youth in juvenile justice. Without intervention, these teens continue to engage in risk behaviors post-release, amplifying their own and their partner's risk for HIV/AIDS/STIs. The lasting effects on community well-being, individual employment prospects, and neighborhood health are profound, but effective programs can alter the negative developmental trajectories of this very high-risk population and begin to redress existing health disparities.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
349

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
        • University of Illinois at Chicago

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

13 years to 17 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • male or female gender
  • placed on probation following arrest
  • remanded to a probation program
  • 13-17 years old
  • both adolescent and parent are fluent English speakers
  • not a ward of the state (DCFS Ward).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • are unable to understand the consent/assent process
  • do not speak English, because instruments are normed for English speakers
  • do not assent; d) legal guardians do not consent to teens' participation
  • are not 13 -17 years old
  • are not on probation or remanded to a probation program
  • are Wards of the state (DCFS Ward)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: PHAT Life Intervention
PHAT Life: Preventing HIV/AIDS Among Teens, is a uniquely-tailored intervention designed for recently-arrested juvenile offenders on probation. The program will teach teens about HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infections, and safer decision-making. PHAT Life draws on social learning theory and a Social-Personal Framework to address individual and social mechanisms related to HIV-risk, including emotion regulation, peer norms, partner communication, relationship characteristics, and HIV/AIDS/STI and substance use knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs.
Behavioral: PHAT Life Intervention
HIV Prevention behavioral health intervention
Active Comparator: Health Promotion Control
A health promotion program focusing on nutrition, physical activity, substance use, and sexual health.
Behavioral: Health Promotion Control
Behavioral health intervention control

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in HIV/STI Risk Behaviors at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: baseline, 6-months, and 12--months
AIDS Risk Behavior Assessment (ARBA) A computer-assisted structured interview of self-reported sexual behavior and drug use derived from five well-established measures. The outcomes include ever had sex, condom use, number of partners, sex while using drugs and/or alcohol.
baseline, 6-months, and 12--months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in HIV/AIDS/STI Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behavioral Skills at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Survey measuring knowledge regarding transmission routes, misconceptions about transmission, and risk-reduction strategies; attitudes and beliefs including peer norms, intentions to prevent HIV/AIDS/STI, attitudes towards preventive actions, and beliefs about condom use; as well as self-efficacy to prevent transmission, apply condoms, and negotiate with a partner.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in mental health symptoms at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
The Youth Self Report (YSR) is a widely-used and validated measure of child behavior problems that generates raw and T-scores for internalizing and externalizing syndromes as well as narrow-band problems (e.g., delinquency, anxiety, depression).
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in Partner Sexual Communication at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Questionnaire in which participants indicate whether they ever talked to their romantic or dating partners and sexual partners about a list of sexual topics, how often they discussed them, and whether they talk was open and comfortable. Items were adapted from the Sexual Risk Behavior Questionnaire.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in Relationship dynamics at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
The Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS) measures perceptions of relationship control and decision-making dominance. It has good internal consistency and predictive and constructed validity.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in trauma symptoms and violence exposure at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
The UCLA PTSD Index will measure exposure to trauma and violence.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in peer influences at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
The Peer Convention Behavior Questionnaire will measure peer support of risky behavior, peer norms, and peer pressure and teens' association with prosocial peers.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in parental Influences at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
The Parenting Style Questionnaire (PSQ) measures parental supervision, monitoring, and permissiveness.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Change in parental communication at 6 and 12 months
Time Frame: Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
The Parent-Child Sexual Communication Questionnaire assesses youths' perceived quality and quantity of risk-specific communication with their parents.
Baseline, 6-months, and 12-months
Biological Measure of N. Gonorrhoeae Acquisition
Time Frame: 12-months
Sexually transmitted infections will be measured using biological endpoint (yes/no) to evaluate intervention effects. Participants will be screened for N. gonorrhoeae and treated if necessary at baseline. They will be tested again 12 months later to determine rate of STI acquisition.
12-months
Biological Measure of C. Trachomatis Acquisition
Time Frame: 12-months
Sexually transmitted infections will be measured using biological endpoint (yes/no) to evaluate intervention effects. Participants will be screened for C. trachomatis and treated if necessary at baseline. They will be tested again 12 months later to determine rate of STI acquisition.
12-months
Biological Measure of T. Vaginalis Acquisition
Time Frame: 12-months
Sexually transmitted infections will be measured using biological endpoint (yes/no) to evaluate intervention effects. Participants will be screened for T. vaginalis and treated if necessary at baseline. They will be tested again 12 months later to determine rate of STI acquisition.
12-months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Illinois at Chicago

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Geri DONENBERG, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 15, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 15, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 29, 2015

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 4, 2016

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
January 6, 2016

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 3, 2018

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 30, 2018

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • R01MD005861 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • 5R01MD005861-05 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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