Comparing Diet and Exercise Approaches in Women (CWW)

April 30, 2020 updated by: Richard B. Kreider, Texas A&M University

Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Obese Women

The purpose of this study is to determine whether following a Curves high protein/low fat diet (30% carbohydrate, 45% protein, 25% fat) for 30-days several times during 16 weeks of participating in the Curves fitness program promotes stepwise reductions in body weight, improvements in body composition and/or improvements in markers of fitness and health better than following the Weight Watchers Momentum Program for the same time period.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The Curves International fitness and weight loss program has become a very popular means of promoting health and fitness among women. The program involves a 30-minute circuit training program and a weight management program involving periods of moderate caloric restriction (1,200 to 1,600 calories per day) followed by short periods of higher caloric intake (2,600 calories per day). The program is designed to promote a gradual reduction in body fat while increasing strength and muscle mass/tone. Researchers in the Exercise and Sport Nutrition Lab at Texas A&M University have conducted an extensive study on the effectiveness and safety of the Curves fitness and diet program. Results of this initial study have shown that the program promotes weight loss, improves markers of health, and improves fitness. The Weight Watchers program is another popular weight loss program. It provides a systematic approach to diet and exercise throughout the weight-loss process. Consequently we are interested in comparing the efficacy of both programs to one another. The purpose of this study is to determine whether following a Curves high protein/low fat diet (30% carbohydrate, 45% protein, 25% fat) for 30-days several times during 16 weeks of participating in the Curves fitness program promotes stepwise reductions in body weight, improvements in body composition and/or improvements in markers of fitness and health better than following the Weight Watchers Momentum Program for the same time period.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
120

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 45 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participant is female
  • Participant is between the ages of 18 and 45
  • Participant is sedentary and overweight (BMI > 27)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participant has any metabolic disorder including known electrolyte abnormalities, heart disease, arrhythmias, diabetes, thyroid disease, or hypogonadism;
  • Participant has a history of hypertension, hepatorenal, musculoskeletal, autoimmune or neurological disease;
  • Participant is taking thyroid, hyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive or androgenic medications;
  • Participant has been pregnant or lactating within the past 12 months or are planning to become pregnant during the next 12 months;
  • Participant is involved in a planned exercise program (> 30 min./d. 3 d./wk.) within 3 - 6 months prior to the start of the study;
  • Participant has taken any weight loss medications and/or dietary supplements that may affect muscle mass or body weight during the three month time period prior to beginning the study;
  • Participant has a recent history of weight change (+/- 7 lbs. within the last 3 months).

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
No Intervention: Control
No diet or exercise intervention
Experimental: Curves Program
The Curves group will follow the high protein/low fat diet (30% carbohydrate, 45% protein, 25% fat) for 7-days at 1,200 kcals/day and then 1,500 kcals/day for the remaining 21-days of the 30-day diet period. The participants will then consume a normal maintenance diet (2,200 kcals/d; 45% carbohydrate, 30% protein, 25% fat) for 30-days. During the maintenance period, participants will diet for 2-days at 1,200 kcals/day if they gain 3 pounds of weight.
Other: Curves Circuit
The Curves Circuit consists performing 13 hydraulic resistance exercise machines that utilize bidirectional resistance that work all major muscle groups. These are interspersed with floor-based calisthenic exercises designed to maintain an elevated heart rate.
Experimental: Weight Watchers Momentum Program
This program is based on the Weight Watchers four pillar approach (food, exercise, behavior and support). The Momentum Program uses POINTS values to help keep track of what you eat. A POINTS "budget" will be personalized for you at the weekly meetings.
Other: Weight Watchers
The Weight Watchers program encourages one to increase physical activity.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Body Composition: Body Weight
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in body weight (lbs. body weight) obtained via digital scale and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Body Composition: Fat Mass
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in body composition (lbs. fat mass) obtained via Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Body Composition: Lean Mass
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in body composition (lbs. lean mass) obtained via DXA and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Body Composition: Percent Body Fat
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in body composition (% body fat) obtained via DXA and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Energy Homeostasis: Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in REE obtained via metabolic cart and expressed in absolute (kcal/d) and relative terms (kcals/kg/d) and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Muscular Strength: 1 Repetition Maximum (1 RM) Bench Press
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Changes in bench press 1 Repetition Maximum (1RM) obtained from a bench press test and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Muscular Strength: 1 Repetition Maximum (1 RM) Leg Press
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Changes in leg press 1RM obtained from a leg press test and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Muscular Endurance: 80% of 1 Repetition Maximum (1 RM) Bench Press Endurance Test
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Changes in total repetitions at 80% of 1RM obtained from a bench press test and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Muscular Endurance: 80% of 1 Repetition Maximum (1 RM) Leg Press Endurance Test
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Changes in total repetitions at 80% of 1RM obtained from a leg press test and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Lipid Panel: Cholesterol
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in cholesterol obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Lipid Panel: HDL Cholesterol
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in HDL cholesterol obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Lipid Panel: LDL Cholesterol
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in LDL cholesterol obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Lipid Panel: Triglycerides
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in triglycerides obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Lipid Panel: Cholesterol:HDL Ratio
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP): Glucose
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in glucose obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Hormones: Insulin
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in insulin obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Hormones: Leptin
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in leptin obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR): Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in HOMA-IR obtained via venous blood draws and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Hemodynamic Variable: Resting Heart Rate (HR)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in resting heart rate (HR) obtained via a blood pressure meter and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Hemodynamic Variable: Resting Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) obtained via a blood pressure meter and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Hemodynamic Variable: Resting Diastolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in resting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) obtained via a blood pressure meter and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Anthropometric Measures: Waist Circumference
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in waist circumference obtained via tape measure and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Anthropometric Measures: Hip Circumference
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in hip circumference obtained via tape measure and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Anthropometric Measures: Waist to Hip Ratio
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in the ratio of waist to hip (waist/hip circumference) analyzed with related anthropometric outcome measures via General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Exercise Capacity: Peak Exercise Capacity (VO2)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Changes in exercise capacity (VO2 max) obtained via a treadmill test and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Exercise Capacity: Time to Peak Exercise Capacity (time to peak VO2)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Changes in exercise capacity (time to peak VO2 max) obtained via a treadmill test and analyzed by General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 16 weeks
Dietary Energy Intake: Total Caloric Intake (kcals/d)
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in caloric/energy intake (kcals/d) analyzed with related energy intake outcome measures via General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Dietary Energy Intake: Carbohydrate
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in dietary carbohydrate intake (g/d and g/kg/d) analyzed with related energy intake outcome measures via General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Dietary Energy Intake: Fat
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in dietary fat intake (g/d and g/kg/d) analyzed with related energy intake outcome measures via General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Dietary Energy Intake: Protein
Time Frame: Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks
Changes in dietary protein intake (g/d and g/kg/d) analyzed with related energy intake outcome measures via General Linear Model multivariate and univariate analyses with repeated measures and mean change from baseline with 95% confidence intervals (CI's)
Measured prior to supplementation (Pre), and after 4, 6, 10, 12 and 16 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Texas A&M University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Richard B Kreider, PhD, Texas A&M University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 19, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
March 22, 2012

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 22, 2012

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 30, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 30, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 4, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 4, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 30, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • IRB2010-0130F

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

No

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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