Research on Emissions, Air Quality, Climate and Cooking Technologies in Northern Ghana (REACCTING)

November 11, 2020 updated by: Michael Hannigan, University of Colorado, Boulder
REACCTING (Research on Emissions, Air quality, Climate, and Cooking Technologies in Northern Ghana) is an interdisciplinary randomized cookstove intervention study in the Kassena-Nankana District of Northern Ghana. The study tests two types of biomass burning stoves that have the potential to meet local cooking needs and represent different "rungs" in the cookstove technology ladder: a locally-made, low-tech Gyapa rocket stove and the imported, highly efficient Philips gasifier stove. Intervention households were randomized into four different groups, three of which received different combinations of two improved stoves, while the fourth group serves as a control for the duration of the study. Diverse measurements assess different points along the causal chain linking the intervention to final outcomes of interest. The investigators assess stove use and cooking behavior, cooking emissions, household air pollution and personal exposure, health burden, and local to regional air quality. Integrated analysis and modeling will tackle a range of interdisciplinary science questions, including examining ambient exposures among the regional population, assessing how those exposures might change with different technologies and behaviors, and estimating the comparative impact of local behavior and technological changes versus regional climate variability and change on local air quality and health outcomes.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
200

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

3 years to 51 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion

Individual Participants:

  • Classified as "rural"
  • Uses biofuel as main cooking fuel source (firewood, animal waste, crop residue/sawdust)
  • Uses borehole as main water source (to facilitate social network analysis linking household's knowledge and attitudes toward stoves to experience of social contacts);
  • Does not have electricity (to permit possible addition of lighting intervention at a later date);
  • Has a woman in household aged 18-55 and at least one child under five (since women and children are the most vulnerable to cookstove smoke and are thus the main focus of our health measures).

Clusters:

  • No more than 25% classified as urban
  • Accessible year-round (determined by field staff)
  • Having at least 10 eligible households (in line with the participant criteria above)

Exclusion:

  • Household could not be located
  • Household declined to participate

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
No Intervention: Control
Households enrolled in the control arm of the study did not receive either improved cookstove
Experimental: Gyapa/Gyapa
Households enrolled in the Gyapa/Gyapa arm of the study received two Gyapa stoves for free
Device: Gyapa stove
Wood stove made in Ghana
Other Names:
  • Rocket stove
Experimental: Gyapa/Philips
Households enrolled in the Gyapa/Philips arm of the study received one Gyapa stove and one Philips stove for free
Device: Gyapa stove
Wood stove made in Ghana
Other Names:
  • Rocket stove
Device: Philips stove
Philips Smokeless stove HD4012LS
Other Names:
  • Gasifier stove
Experimental: Philips/Philips
Households enrolled in the Philips/Philips arm of the study received two Philips stoves for free
Device: Philips stove
Philips Smokeless stove HD4012LS
Other Names:
  • Gasifier stove

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Health (Biomarkers of inflammation)
Time Frame: At baseline
Health indicators from blood spot samples (C-Reactive Protein, Sicam, sVCAM, serum amyloid A, Interleukin-1b, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha).
At baseline
Health (Biomarkers of inflammation)
Time Frame: At 6 months
Health indicators from blood spot samples (C-Reactive Protein, Sicam, sVCAM, serum amyloid A, Interleukin-1b, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha).
At 6 months
Health (Biomarkers of inflammation)
Time Frame: At 12 months
Health indicators from blood spot samples (C-Reactive Protein, Sicam, sVCAM, serum amyloid A, Interleukin-1b, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha).
At 12 months
Health (Biomarkers of inflammation)
Time Frame: At 18 months
Health indicators from blood spot samples (C-Reactive Protein, Sicam, sVCAM, serum amyloid A, Interleukin-1b, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha).
At 18 months
Height
Time Frame: At baseline
Height of participants
At baseline
Height
Time Frame: At 6 months
Height of participants
At 6 months
Height
Time Frame: At 12 months
Height of participants
At 12 months
Height
Time Frame: At 18 months
Height of participants
At 18 months
Weight
Time Frame: At baseline
Weight of participants
At baseline
Weight
Time Frame: At 6 months
Weight of participants
At 6 months
Weight
Time Frame: At 12 months
Weight of participants
At 12 months
Weight
Time Frame: At 18 months
Weight of participants
At 18 months
Mid-arm circumference
Time Frame: At baseline
Measurement of mid-upper arm circumference of participants
At baseline
Mid-arm circumference
Time Frame: At 6 months
Measurement of mid-upper arm circumference of participants
At 6 months
Mid-arm circumference
Time Frame: At 12 months
Measurement of mid-upper arm circumference of participants
At 12 months
Mid-arm circumference
Time Frame: At 18 months
Measurement of mid-upper arm circumference of participants
At 18 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5)
Time Frame: 48 hour deployment periods
48 hour integrated personal PM2.5 concentrations from filter measurements
48 hour deployment periods
Personal exposure to carbon monoxide (CO)
Time Frame: 48 hour deployment periods
Daily average and integrated personal CO concentrations
48 hour deployment periods
Kitchen area concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO)
Time Frame: 48 hour deployment periods
Daily average and integrated kitchen area CO concentrations
48 hour deployment periods
Kitchen area concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5)
Time Frame: 48 hour deployment periods
48 hour integrated kitchen area PM2.5 concentrations from filter measurements
48 hour deployment periods
Self-reported stove usage
Time Frame: At baseline
Surveys administered to respondents (primary cooks)
At baseline
Self-reported stove usage
Time Frame: At 6 months
Surveys administered to respondents (primary cooks)
At 6 months
Self-reported stove usage
Time Frame: At 12 months
Surveys administered to respondents (primary cooks)
At 12 months
Self-reported stove usage
Time Frame: At 18 months
Surveys administered to respondents (primary cooks)
At 18 months
Stove usage as measured by devices
Time Frame: Throughout data collection period, approximately 2 years.
Continuous stove usage indicators as measured by temperature loggers on stoves
Throughout data collection period, approximately 2 years.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Colorado, Boulder

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
U.S. National Science Foundation
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2012

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 31, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
September 14, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 11, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
November 18, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
November 18, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 11, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • REACCTING
  • GEO-1211668 (Other Grant/Funding Number: NSF)
  • RD-8354201 (Other Grant/Funding Number: EPA)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

No

IPD Plan Description

De-identified data are available upon request.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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