Overcoming Barriers and Obstacles to Adopting Diabetes Devices (ONBOARD) Trial (ONBOARD)

August 15, 2025 updated by: Molly Tanenbaum
This study is a comprehensive, multicomponent behavioral intervention package (ONBOARD; OvercomiNg Barriers & Obstacles to Adopting Diabetes Devices). ONBOARD will provide adults with T1D the skills to maximize benefit and minimize daily interference from barriers associated with Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) and increase readiness for closed loop.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The investigators will enroll 178 adults with T1D between 18-50 years of age. Participants must not have been using CGM regularly for past 6 months. Once consented and enrolled, baseline demographic and psychosocial data will be obtained. Participants will receive 12 weeks of CGM supplies at no cost to them and provided with initial standard CGM introduction and education. Participants will then be randomized to receive ONBOARD or CGM-only. Those randomized to the ONBOARD condition will schedule 4 60-minute sessions with study interventionist (every 2 weeks). Hemoglobin A1c values, CGM usage data, and psychosocial data will be collected at baseline, 3-months (post-intervention), and 6- and 12-months post-baseline.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
150

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • Stanford, California, United States, 94305
        • Stanford University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 50 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Subject is age 18-50 years at time of enrollment
  2. Subject must not have been using CGM regularly for past 6 months
  3. Subject has a clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes
  4. Subject comprehends spoken and written English

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Subject has a medical disorder that in the judgment of the investigator will interfere with completion of any aspect of the protocol.
  2. Subject has a neurologic disorder that in the judgment of the investigator will affect completion of the protocol.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: ONBOARD Intervention Group
Those randomized to the ONBOARD group will receive 12 weeks of CGM supplies and provide hemoglobin A1c values, data downloads, and survey responses during various time points in the study. They will also receive the intervention which consists of four 60-minute sessions with study interventionist, held 2 weeks apart.
Behavioral: ONBOARD
Session 1: Overview; Wearing diabetes devices; Session 2: Managing CGM data; Session 3: CGM & social situations; Session 4: Building trust with your CGM
No Intervention: CGM Only Group
Those randomized to the CGM Only group will not receive the ONBOARD intervention during their 12-month participation in the study. They will only receive 12 weeks of CGM supplies and provide hemoglobin A1c values, data downloads, and survey responses during various time points in the study.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Over Time
Time Frame: baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
Glycated hemoglobin
baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Time in Glucose Target Range
Time Frame: baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
14 days of CGM data were used to calculate the change in the percentage glucose readings from CGM system between 70-180 mg/dL per unit of time at each time point. All time points taken together are needed to evaluate this outcome measure.
baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
Change in Percent CGM Wear Time
Time Frame: baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
14 days of CGM data were used to calculate the change in percentage of time wearing CGM at each time point. All time points taken together are needed to evaluate this outcome measure.
baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
Change in Diabetes Distress Scale for Adults With Type 1 Diabetes (T1-DDS)
Time Frame: baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
The T1-DDS is a 28-item self-report scale that assesses multiple dimensions of diabetes distress. Each item is scored from 1 to 6, then items scores are summed and average to calculate a total score (1 to 6): higher item and total scores indicate more distress (worse outcome). All time points taken together are needed to evaluate this outcome measure
baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
Change in Glucose Monitoring System Satisfaction Survey - Version: Type 1 Diabetes (GMSS-T1D)
Time Frame: baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12
The GMSS-T1D is a 15-item self-report scale that assesses attitudes towards one's current glucose monitoring system. Overall score range is 1 to 5: higher total scores indicate greater satisfaction (better outcome). All time points taken together are needed to evaluate this outcome measure
baseline, month 3, month 6, month 12

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Molly Tanenbaum

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Molly Tanenbaum, PhD, Stanford University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 17, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 16, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 16, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 11, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 11, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 17, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 5, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 15, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 56922
  • 1K23DK119470-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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