Effect of Preoperative Oral Energy Drinks Compared to Warming Matress on Body Temperature During Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Delivery.

January 17, 2026 updated by: Yi Feng, MD, Peking University People's Hospital

Effect of Preoperative Oral Energy Drinks Compared to Warming Matress on Body Temperature During Combined Spinal-epidural Anesthesia for Elective Cesarean Delivery: a Randomised Non-inferiority Trial.

It is not known which is better for intraoperative temperature protection, warming matress or preoperative oral functional drinks in elective cesarean section. We plan to conduct a non inferiority randomized trial to clarify this problem.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
302

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Beijing Municipality
      • Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China, 100000
        • Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women pregnant with a single fetus;
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II;
  • Willingness to undergo elective cesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia;
  • A body mass index (BMI) < 35 kg·m-2;
  • A gestational age of 38-40 weeks.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Contraindications for combined spinal-epidural anesthesia;
  • A diagnosis of delayed gastric emptying, hyperemesis gravidarum until late pregnancy, or consumption of drugs that affect gastrointestinal motility within 3 days before surgery;
  • Preoperative body temperature >38°C or <36°C or the use of drugs that affect body temperature;
  • Pregnancy combined with diabetes, hypertension, or metabolic disorders (eg, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism);
  • Ear diseases (eg, otitis media, tympanic membrane perforation, etc) affecting measurement of ear temperature;
  • Intraoperative malfunction of the warming blanket;
  • Patients who were simultaneously undergoing other operations (eg, removal of uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts) or had a surgical time >1.5 hours;
  • Patients with blood transfusion or autologous blood transfusion intraoperatively;
  • Patients who did not receive the anesthetic specified in the protocol;
  • Patients who failed to drink 125ml energy drinks before surgery.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Placebo Comparator: warming matress group
From the end of anesthesia, warming matriss at 40 ℃ was used for insulation until the end of surgery.
Device: Warming matress
From the end of anesthesia, warming matriss at 40 ℃ was used to keep warm until the end of surgery.
Experimental: oral functional drinks group
Patients drank energy drinks (Red Bull®) 250ml about 2-2.5 hours before operation.
Other: Oral energy drinks
Patients drank energy drinks (Red Bull®) 250ml about 2-2.5 hours before operation.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Core temperature change
Time Frame: Before the operation, and every 10 minutes during the operation until the end of the operation.
The minimum value of intraoperative ear temperature minus the preoperative baseline ear temperature.
Before the operation, and every 10 minutes during the operation until the end of the operation.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The incidence of nausea in pregnant women
Time Frame: Intraoperative
Anesthesiologist observes combined patient dictation.
Intraoperative
The incidence of vomiting in pregnant women
Time Frame: Intraoperative
Anesthesiologist observes combined patient dictation
Intraoperative
hypotension
Time Frame: Intraoperative
Number of Participants with systolic blood pressure reduction >20% baseline value or systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg before delivery
Intraoperative
Umbilical artery blood base excess
Time Frame: 30sec after delivery
base excess of fetal umbilical artery blood
30sec after delivery
Skin temperature changes
Time Frame: Before the operation, and every 10 minutes during the operation until the end of the operation.
The minimum value of intraoperative skin temperature minus the preoperative baseline skin temperature.
Before the operation, and every 10 minutes during the operation until the end of the operation.
The incidence of shivering in pregnant women
Time Frame: Intraoperative
Anesthesiologist observes combined patient dictation
Intraoperative

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Peking University People's Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 3, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 25, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 25, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 24, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 29, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 30, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 21, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 17, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • SFY2023-MZ8-3

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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