Comparing Shoulder Stretching and Percussive Massage on Shoulder Rotation and Attack Speed in Female Volleyball Players

July 12, 2024 updated by: Gonca Şahiner Pıçak, Dokuz Eylul University

Comparison of the Effects of Shoulder Stretching Exercise and Percussive Massage Treatment on Shoulder Rotation Movements and Attack Speed in Female Volleyball Players

This study aims to investigate the acute effects of PNF modified sleeper stretches and percussive massage treatment on shoulder rotation movements and attack speed in female volleyball players and compare these applications.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

56 female volleyball players will randomized into 2 groups of 28 people each. In the evaluations conducted on the participants, rotational normal joint movements of the athletes will be measured using a digital inclinometer. The spike velocities of the athletes will be determined using a sports radar (Sports Radar 3300, Sports Electronics Inc, Washington, D.C. USA.). Participants will be randomly divided into two different groups consisting of 28 individuals each. The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Group (PNFG) participants will undergo one session of PNF posterior shoulder stretching exercise in the modified sleeper position. The Percussive Massage Treatment Group (PMTG) participants will receive a 5-minute massage on the posterior deltoid area. Evaluations will be repeated three times before the applications, immediately after, and 30 minutes post-application and the effects of different applications will be compared through analysis.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
56

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • Balçova
      • İzmir, Balçova, Turkey, 35340
        • Dokuz Eylul University, School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being a volleyball player
  • Age between 14 and 40 years

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of shoulder pain
  • History of fracture and surgery in the shoulder girdle
  • Presence of systemic musculoskeletal disease
  • Presence of glenohumeral instability (Positive apprehension, relocation, or subluxation test)
  • Pain in the cervical region with upper extremity movements
  • Experiencing shoulder problems requiring medical treatment within the last year

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Group participants will undergo one session of PNF posterior shoulder stretching exercise in the modified sleeper position.
Behavioral: The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching
Among the PNF stretching techniques, the muscle-relaxation technique will be applied. The athlete will be positioned in a side-lying posture on the treatment table with the dominant shoulder in the modified sleeper position, ensuring stabilization of the scapula on the table. The other arm will be positioned in extension along the body with the palm facing upwards. The participant will be instructed to actively bring the arm of the lower limb to the physiological barrier of internal rotation. At this point, they will be asked to perform maximum isometric contraction in external rotation for 7 seconds. After the isometric contraction, the muscle will be relaxed, and active-assisted stretching will be applied in internal rotation for 15 seconds. A 5-second rest will be provided between repetitions, and the exercise will consist of 5 repetitions.
Experimental: The Percussive Massage Treatment
The Percussive Massage Treatment Group participants will receive a 5-minute massage on the posterior deltoid area.
Device: The Percussive Massage Treatment
In the group where regional vibration is applied, the Hypervolt™ vibrating massage device (HYPERICE Inc, US) will be used. This device is a vibration device with five different speed settings, vibrating at 3,200 percussions per minute (HYPERICE Inc. 'Hypervolt' device. Retrieved from https://hyperice.com/hypervolt-bluetooth, Accessed on: 08.12.2021). The device offers five different head attachment options. For this study, the ball attachment option will be selected as it is the least aggressive option, and the vibration from the device will be applied to the relevant muscle body (Kayoda, 2019). For facilitatory effect, the application will be performed on the posterior deltoid for 5 minutes at a low frequency.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Shoulder internal rotation range of motion
Time Frame: baseline measurements, 5 minutes and 30 minutes
Change of shoulder internal rotation range of motion (with a digital inclinometer)
baseline measurements, 5 minutes and 30 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Attack Speed
Time Frame: baseline measurements, 5 minutes and 30 minutes
Change of attack speed of the volleyball players (with a radar gun)
baseline measurements, 5 minutes and 30 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Dokuz Eylul University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Sevgi Sevi Yeşilyaprak, PhD, Dokuz Eylul University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 10, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 1, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 12, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 5, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 5, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 12, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
July 15, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 12, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
July 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 7978-GOA

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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