One Year of Velocity-based Resistance Training in Older People Living in Nursing Homes

April 29, 2026 updated by: Julián Alcázar Caminero, University of Castilla-La Mancha

One Year of Velocity-based Resistance Training in Older People Living in Nursing Homes: Effects on Skeletal Muscle Mass, Muscle Function, and Physical and Cognitive Function

This study is an exercise intervention assessing the efficacy of a velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) in institutionalized older adults.

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of one year of velocity-based resistance training on skeletal muscle mass, muscle function, and physical and cognitive function in older adults living in nursing homes.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Evidence supports the fact that resistance exercise training is effective in improving old adult's health and palliate age-related disorders. New approaches in resistance training are emerging to maximize monitoring control, providing more tailored and potentially more effective exercise interventions. Among them, the velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) is being established in healthy populations or populations with pathologies. However, the effects of long-term VBRT in institutionalized older adults are still unknown.

Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the effects of one year of velocity-based resistance training on skeletal muscle mass, muscle function, and physical and cognitive function in older adults living in nursing homes.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
27

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Spain
    • Toledo
      • Toledo, Toledo, Spain, 45071
        • University of Castilla-La Mancha

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Older people living permanently in nursing home.
  • Age ≥ 65 years old.
  • Are able to walk with/without assistance.
  • Have ability to communicate with the research team.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Terminal illness.
  • Any illness not controled (cardiac, pulmonary, etc).
  • If there is a risk of bone fracture according to medical staff.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Exercise Group
a 2-day-a-week resistance training (RT) routine using the velocity-based method in the leg press exercise at 60% of the theoretical maximal isometric strength
Other: Exercise
All participants will conduct a 2-day-a-week resistance training (RT) routine using the velocity-based method in the leg press exercise for one year. A tailored and constant intensity will be performed at 60% of the theoretical maximal isometric strength (F0) during the training intervention. Participants will conduct 3-4 sets, individualizing the repetitions numbers until they reach a velocity loss of 10-20%. A rest of 2 minutes was imposed between sets. A standardized warm-up will preced all RT session as follows: 4 minutes walking at usual gait speed and 6 minutes performing dynamic balance exercises.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in muscle power
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Muscle power assessed in leg press machine and sit to stand test.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Changes in neuromuscular performance of lower-body
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in the force-velocity relationship in leg press exercise.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in physical function based on the Short Physical Performance Battery score
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
The Short Physical Performance Battery score ranges from 0 to 12 points. Higher scores indicate better physical function, while lower scores reflect poorer physical function.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in frailty (score) using Fried's Frailty Criteria and Frailty Trait Scale - Short Form
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).

Fried's frailty phenotype based on five criteria (habitual gait speed, handgrip strength , involuntary weight loss, exhaustion and low physical activity). The score ranges from 0 to 5, where each criterion met counts as one point. A score of 0 indicates best status, while a score of 5 indicates worst status.

Frailty Trait Scale - Short Form evaluates 5 domains, including body mass index, physical activity, static balance, habitual gait speed and handgrip strength. The score ranges from 0 to 50, where each criterion met counts as one point. A score of 0 indicates best status, while a score of 50 indicates worst status.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in muscle mass using ultrasonography.
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Muscle Cross-sectional area quadriceps femoris were assessed using ultrasonography.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in disability using Barthel and Lawton scales
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).

The Lawton scale assesses the ability to use the telephone, shopping, cooking, household duties, laundry, use of transportation, responsibility for their medication and handling of economic matters. Each item is assigned a numerical value (1 = independent, 0 = dependent), therefore, the maximum dependence would be marked by obtaining 0 points (worst) and total independence by obtaining 8 points (best).

The Barthel index is a 10-item questionnaire that provides information about the autonomy to cook food, wash, dress, groom, perform bowel movements and urination, go to the toilet, move from the bed to the chair, walk and climb stair.The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater independence (best), and lower scores indicating higher levels of dependence in basic daily activities (worst).
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in cognitive function using Mini-Mental State Examination
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Mini-Mental State Examination score ranges from 0 to 30 points. A higher score indicates better cognitive function, while a lower score reflects greater cognitive impairment.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in handgrip strength
Time Frame: T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).
Change in maximum voluntary isometric handgrip strength, measured using a digital dynamometer.
T0 (baseline); T1 (post 6 weeks); T2 (post 12 weeks); T3 (post 23 weeks) and T4 (post 39 weeks).

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Castilla-La Mancha

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Julian Alcazar, PhD, University of Castilla-La Mancha

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 30, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 30, 2026

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 27, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 16, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 18, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 30, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 29, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 710P

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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