- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05839743
Investigation of the Effects of Aerobic Exercise, Balance Exercise and Combined Exercise Practices on Frailty, Balance, Fall Risk, Reaction Time, Cognitive Functions and Quality of Life in Dementia Patients
September 27, 2023 updated by: Ilkem Guzel, Yuksek Ihtisas University
Dementia is a clinical disorder characterized by progressive and permanent loss of multiple cognitive functions, especially memory, at a level that affects activities of daily living.
There is no pharmacologic treatment method that can change the prognosis in dementia.
The methods used today are symptomatic and cause various side effects.
For this reason, non-pharmacologic approaches are on the agenda in the treatment of dementia.
Among these approaches, physical activity approaches such as symptomatic treatment or exercise come to the forefront due to their prognosis-slowing effects.
There are also many studies showing that dementia is directly related to physical performance and frailty.
Deterioration of physical performance, increased frailty, and decreased muscle strength create a vicious circle with the prognosis of dementia.
In addition, patients with dementia have balance problems due to prolonged reaction time, cognitive impairment and physical problems, and the risk of falls increases.
In order to prevent the risk of falls, exercise practices are of great importance.
Although the effects of aerobic exercise on dementia have been examined many times in the literature, there are very few studies examining the effects of balance exercises and combined exercises.
In addition, physical characteristics such as frailty and muscle weakness, which are very common in patients with dementia, have not been evaluated as a whole in studies on patients with dementia.
Therefore, this study will be conducted to comparatively examine the effects of combined aerobic exercise and balance exercises on balance and falls, frailty, muscle strength, cognitive functions, and reaction time in patients with dementia.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
33
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
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Çankaya
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Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey, 06810
- Ihlamur Konağı Nursing Home and Elderly Care Center
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Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age over 65 years,
- To be able to speak and understand Turkish,
- To have at least primary education,
- Perceive and adapt to simple commands,
- Scoring between 18-23 on the standardized mini mental state assessment scale (200),
- To be able to provide independent mobilization,
- Volunteering to participate.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Rapid progression of dementia (infectious, vascular, hematologic diseases),
- Cardiac or cerebrovascular event, endocrine disorder, fluid-electrolyte imbalance or infection during the follow-up period,
- Presence of malignancy,
- Detection of a delirium picture,
- Presence of severe depression,
- Participate in a regular exercise program for at least 6 months before the study,
- Having a fracture or fracture surgery in the lower extremity within the last year,
- Any orthopedic problem that prevents him/her from exercising.
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Aerobic Exercise Group
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The aerobic exercise program will be specially prepared for the participants and will aim to rhythmically exercise large muscle groups.
The exercise will be performed twice a week for 6 weeks at 50-75% of maximum heart rate for 20-50 minutes per session.
Each exercise will last 30-60 minutes in total, after adding 5 minutes of warm-up and 5 minutes of cool-down before and after the exercise.
The participant's pulse will be monitored continuously during the exercise.
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Experimental: Balance Exercise Group
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Balance exercises belonging to the Otago Exercise Program and other balance exercises used in the elderly will be prepared specifically for the participant and will be applied 2 days a week for 6 weeks in combination.
Before and after the exercise, a 5-minute warm-up and 5-minute cool-down exercise will be performed.
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Experimental: Combined Exercise Group
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In the combined exercise program, first balance exercises and then aerobic exercise program will be applied 2 days a week for 6 weeks.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Edmonton Frailty Scale
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Edmonton Frailty Scale at 6 weeks
|
0 - 5 = Not Frail, 6 - 7 = Vulnerable, 8 - 9 = Mild Frailty, 10-11 = Moderate Frailty, 12-17 = Severe Frailty
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Change from Baseline Edmonton Frailty Scale at 6 weeks
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Muscle Strength Assessment for Sarcopenia
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Muscle Strength Assessment for Sarcopenia at 6 weeks
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Muscle strength measurement in kg with a dynamometer
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Change from Baseline Muscle Strength Assessment for Sarcopenia at 6 weeks
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30 Seconds Sit To Stand Test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline 30 Seconds Sit To Stand Test at 6 weeks
|
For testing leg strength and endurance in older adults.
The score is the total number of stands within 30 seconds.
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Change from Baseline 30 Seconds Sit To Stand Test at 6 weeks
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Single Leg Stance Test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Single Leg Stance Test at 6 weeks
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If unable to stand for 5 seconds or less client at greater risk of injury from fall.
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Change from Baseline Single Leg Stance Test at 6 weeks
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Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment at 6 weeks
|
The Tinetti test has a gait score and a balance score.
It uses a 3-point ordinal scale of 0, 1 and 2. Gait is scored over 12 and balance is scored over 16 totalling 28.
The lower the score on the Tinetti test, the higher the risk of falling.
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Change from Baseline Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment at 6 weeks
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Dynamic Gait Index
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Dynamic Gait Index at 6 weeks
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Each item is scored on a scale of 0 to 3, with 3 indicating normal performance and 0 representing severe impairment.
The best possible score on the Dynamic Gait Index is a 24.
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Change from Baseline Dynamic Gait Index at 6 weeks
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Functional Reach Test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Functional Reach Test at 6 weeks
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10"/25 cm or greater Low risk of falls; 6"/15cm to 10"/25cm Risk of falling is 2x greater than normal; 6"/15cm or less Risk of falling is 4x greater than normal; Unwilling to reach Risk of falling is 8x greater than normal.
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Change from Baseline Functional Reach Test at 6 weeks
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Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool at 6 weeks
|
6-13 Total Points = Moderate Fall Risk, >13 Total Points = High Fall Risk
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Change from Baseline Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool at 6 weeks
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Reaction Time Test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline at 6 weeks
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The 3 reaction times recorded in milliseconds are averaged.
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Change from Baseline at 6 weeks
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Mini Mental State Examination
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Reaction Time Test at 6 weeks
|
The maximum score for the Mini Mental State Examination is 30.
A score of 25 or higher is classed as normal.
If the score is below 24, the result is usually considered to be abnormal, indicating possible cognitive impairment.
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Change from Baseline Reaction Time Test at 6 weeks
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The World Health Organization Quality of Life - Old Module
Time Frame: Change from Baseline The World Health Organization Quality of Life - Old Module at 6 weeks
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It is scored in the range of 4-20.
The higher the score, the better the quality of life.
|
Change from Baseline The World Health Organization Quality of Life - Old Module at 6 weeks
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Geriatric Depression Scale
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Geriatric Depression Scale at 6 weeks
|
There are 15 questions.
Each question is worth 1 point.
A score of 5 or more suggests depression.
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Change from Baseline Geriatric Depression Scale at 6 weeks
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Wechsler Memory Scale
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Wechsler Memory Scale at 6 weeks
|
Scored on 1-19 Scaled Score Metric.
High scores (13 and above) indicate better than expected performance on the dependent variable given performance on the control variable.
Low scores (7 and below) indicate poorer than expected performance on the dependent score given performance on the control score.
Scores in the average range (8-12) indicate no difference in performance between the control and dependent measures.
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Change from Baseline Wechsler Memory Scale at 6 weeks
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Mental Rotation Test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Mental Rotation Test at 6 weeks
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Contains 20 pairs of items worth 1 point each.
A high score indicates good mental rotation skill.
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Change from Baseline Mental Rotation Test at 6 weeks
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Spatial Orientation Test
Time Frame: Change from Baseline Spatial Orientation Test at 6 weeks
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Contains 20 pairs of items worth 1 point each.
A high score indicates good spatial orientation skill.
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Change from Baseline Spatial Orientation Test at 6 weeks
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Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
May 30, 2023
Primary Completion (Actual)
July 1, 2023
Study Completion (Actual)
September 1, 2023
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
April 3, 2023
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
April 29, 2023
First Posted (Actual)
May 3, 2023
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
September 29, 2023
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
September 27, 2023
Last Verified
September 1, 2023
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 24032023
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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