Cardiometabolic and Hormonal Adaptations to 4-Month Zumba Training in Overweight/Obese Women

November 24, 2025 updated by: Wissal Abassi, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef

Effects of a 4-month Intervention on Cardiometabolic, Hormonal, Inflammatory, Liver, Renal, Electrolyte, and Muscle Enzyme Parameters in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Overweight and Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a 4 month Zumba training program on cardiometabolic, hormonal, inflammatory, hepatic, renal, and functional parameters in overweight and obese women. Participants will be classified according to menopausal status (pre- or post-menopausal) and randomly assigned to an exercise group or a non-exercise control group.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Overweight and obesity are associated with metabolic dysregulation, hormonal imbalance, chronic inflammation, and reduced physical capacity. Zumba training is a dance-based aerobic exercise that can improve cardiovascular fitness, energy expenditure, and adherence to physical activity programs.

This study will assess the effects of a 4 month Zumba training program (4 sessions per week, 60 minutes per session) on: Body composition and anthropometric measures, Aerobic capacity, Hormonal profile, Lipid profile, Inflammatory biomarkers, Liver enzymes, Renal function markers, Electrolytes, Muscle enzymes, Pre- and post-training measurements will be taken under standardized conditions.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
73

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Female, aged 18-65 years
  • BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²
  • Pre-menopausal or post-menopausal (classified clinically)
  • Voluntary written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Hormonal therapy or weight-loss medications
  • Endocrine diseases or chronic illness
  • Recent intense physical training (<48 hours before baseline)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Experimental Group 1:Pre-menopausal
performed Zumba training, 4 × 60 min/week, 4 months
Behavioral: Zumba training
Participants assigned to the experimental groups will perform a supervised Zumba training program for 10 weeks, with 4 sessions per week, each session lasting 60 minutes. Sessions will include a standardized warm-up (10 minutes), choreographed dance-based aerobic sequences performed at moderate intensity (40 minutes), and a cool-down with stretching (10 minutes).
No Intervention: Control Group 1
No training intervention was intended for the control group.
Experimental: Experimental Group 2:Post-menopausal
performed Zumba training, 4 × 60 min/week, 4 months
Behavioral: Zumba training
Participants assigned to the experimental groups will perform a supervised Zumba training program for 10 weeks, with 4 sessions per week, each session lasting 60 minutes. Sessions will include a standardized warm-up (10 minutes), choreographed dance-based aerobic sequences performed at moderate intensity (40 minutes), and a cool-down with stretching (10 minutes).
No Intervention: Control group 2
No training intervention was intended for the control group.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
BMI calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m²).
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Body Fat Percentage
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Total body fat measured by digital scale (Tanita BC-533).
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Waist Circumference
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Measured at the narrowest point between the rib cage and iliac crest using a tape measure.
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Waist-Hip Ratio
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Calculated by dividing waist circumference by hip circumference.
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Hip Circumference
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Measured at the widest point of the hips using a tape measure.
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Prolactin
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum prolactin concentration (ng/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Testosterone
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum testosterone concentration (ng/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Cortisol
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum cortisol concentration (µg/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Progesterone
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum progesterone concentration (ng/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Estradiol
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum estradiol concentration (pg/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum FSH concentration (mIU/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum LH concentration (mIU/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum TSH concentration (µIU/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Free Thyroxine (FT4)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum free T4 concentration (ng/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum PTH concentration (pg/mL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Total Cholesterol
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum total cholesterol concentration (mg/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum HDL cholesterol concentration (mg/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum LDL cholesterol concentration (mg/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Triglycerides
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum triglyceride concentration (mg/dL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum CRP concentration (mg/L).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
ESR measured in mm/hr.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Includes neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils (cells/µL).
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum ALT concentration measured in U/L.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum AST concentration measured in U/L.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum ALP concentration measured in U/L.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum GGT concentration measured in U/L.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Time Frame: Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Serum LDH concentration measured in U/L.
Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
Time Frame: Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Serum GGT concentration measured in U/L.
Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Bilirubin Total
Time Frame: Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Total serum bilirubin concentration measured in mg/dL.
Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Bilirubin Direct
Time Frame: Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Direct (conjugated) serum bilirubin concentration measured in mg/dL.
Baseline and after the 4 months of the intervention.
Creatinine
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum creatinine concentration measured in mg/dL, indicator of kidney function.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Urea
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum urea concentration measured in mg/dL, indicator of kidney function.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Uric Acid
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum uric acid concentration measured in mg/dL, indicator of kidney function.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Sodium (Na)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum sodium concentration measured in mmol/L.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Potassium (K)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Serum potassium concentration measured in mmol/L.
Baseline and after 4 months of the intervention.
Calcium (Ca)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Serum calcium concentration measured in mg/dL.
Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Magnesium (Mg)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Serum magnesium concentration measured in mg/dL.
Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Phosphate (PO₄)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Serum phosphate concentration measured in mg/dL.
Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Serum CPK concentration measured in U/L, indicator of muscle damage.
Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of training.
Serum LDH concentration measured in U/L, indicator of muscle and tissue damage.
Baseline and after 4 months of training.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Resting Heart Rate
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Measured using automated device (Omron BP652).
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Blood Pressure (Systolic and Diastolic)
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Measured using an automated arm cuff (Omron BP652).
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) Distance
Time Frame: Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.
Distance walked in 6 minutes on a 30-meter straight corridor.
Baseline and after 4 months of Zumba intervention.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Wissal Abassi, Research Unit "Sport Sciences, Health and Movement"(UR22JS01) High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, 7100 Kef, Tunisia.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
December 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 15, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
April 15, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 24, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 24, 2025

First Posted (Estimated)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 4, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 4, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 24, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • HORMONE-2025

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

For confidentiality reasons, all data from this study will be available upon request.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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