Effects of a 10-Week Zumba Program on Anxiety and Depression in Adults (ZUMBA-AN-DE)
Effects of 10 Weeks of Zumba Training on Anxiety and Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of a structured Zumba exercise program on anxiety and depression in healthy adults. Participants were recruited from the community and randomly allocated to either a Zumba intervention group or a control group.
The intervention group participated in a 10-week Zumba program, consisting of three supervised sessions per week. Each session lasted approximately 50 minutes and was conducted at moderate intensity, monitored using the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale. Sessions included a standardized warm-up, choreographed aerobic dance routines, and a cool-down period.
The control group was instructed to maintain their usual lifestyle and not to engage in any new structured exercise programs during the study period.
Anxiety and depression were assessed at baseline and after the intervention using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). All assessments were conducted under standardized conditions by trained researchers. The primary objective was to evaluate changes in anxiety and depression symptoms between groups following the intervention.
The study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards, and all participants provided written informed consent prior to participation.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Sevilla
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Osuna, Sevilla, Spain, 41640
- Osuna fitness
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- adults aged between 40 and 65 years
- not having regularly practised Zumba or other dance disciplines during the previous 12 months
- medical authorisation or absence of pathologies to participate in supervised physical activity
Exclusion Criteria:
- presence of orthopaedic, neurological, cardiorespiratory conditions or lack of standing stability that would prevent safe completion of the programme
- participation in any other structured exercise programme during the intervention period
- missing more than 10% of the total sessions (missing more than 2 sessions)
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Zumba Group
Participants assigned to the experimental group formed the Zumba intervention group.
This group followed a supervised Zumba-based exercise program over a period of 10 weeks.
The intervention consisted of structured group sessions performed several times per week and led by a qualified instructor.
Sessions were based on choreographed aerobic dance movements performed to music, providing moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity aimed at improving cardiovascular fitness and overall physical engagement.
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Participants assigned to this intervention received a supervised Zumba-based exercise program lasting 10 consecutive weeks.
The intervention consisted of group-based aerobic dance sessions conducted several times per week and led by a qualified instructor.
Sessions included choreographed dance movements performed to music, designed to elicit moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and to promote cardiovascular fitness and overall physical engagement.
The program followed a standardized structure across sessions and was implemented as the sole intervention during the study period.
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No Intervention: Group Control
Participants in the control group did not participate in the exercise intervention and were instructed to maintain their usual lifestyle and physical activity habits throughout the study period.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Anxiety and Depression
Time Frame: Baseline and Week 10 (end of intervention)
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Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a validated self-report questionnaire designed to detect clinically relevant symptoms of anxiety and depression in non-psychiatric populations.
The scale consists of 14 items divided into two subscales: anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D), each ranging from 0 to 21 points, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity.
Total HADS scores range from 0 to 42.
Changes in total and subscale scores were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention on psychological well-being.
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Baseline and Week 10 (end of intervention)
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimated)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- ZU-AN-DE
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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