Mindfulness-Based Education on Sexual/Reproductive Health Stigma and Self-Esteem in Female University Students

February 1, 2026 updated by: EDA OZYON ETLI

The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Education Given to Female University Students on Sexual/Reproductive Health Stigma and Self-Esteem: a Randomized Controlled Study

This study was conducted to determine the effect of a mindfulness-based education program on mindfulness level, reproductive and sexual health stigma, and self-esteem among young women.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The research was designed as a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group study. The experimental group received a 4-week "Mindfulness-Based Education Program" with one session per week. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Mindfulness Scale (MS), the Young Women's Reproductive and Sexual Health Stigma Scale (YWRSHSS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Follow-up measurements were conducted one and three months after the training.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
48

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Beylikduzu
      • Istanbul, Beylikduzu, Turkey (Türkiye), 34528
        • Istanbul Beykent University.

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Female students aged 18 years and older
  • Enrolled in a vocational school of health services
  • Volunteering to participate in the study
  • Fluent in speaking and understanding Turkish

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Female students pursuing a second university degree
  • Students currently receiving mindfulness training or sexual health education outside of the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Mindfulness-Based Education Group
Participants in this group receive a mindfulness-based education program designed to increase awareness related to sexual and reproductive health, reduce stigma, and improve self-esteem. The program is delivered through structured educational sessions conducted over a defined period.
Behavioral: Mindfulness-Based Education Program
The intervention consists of a 4-week structured mindfulness-based education program. Participants in the experimental group attend one 60-minute session per week. The program covers mindfulness meditation, body scan techniques, and cognitive exercises focused on reducing sexual/reproductive health stigma and enhancing self-esteem
Other Names:
  • Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction
No Intervention: Control Group
Participants in the control group do not receive any intervention and continue with their usual routine during the study period.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) Score
Time Frame: Baseline, Post-intervention (4th week), 1st-month follow-up, and 3rd-month follow-up
Total score from the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale. It consists of 15 items. Higher scores indicate higher levels of dispositional mindfulness.
Baseline, Post-intervention (4th week), 1st-month follow-up, and 3rd-month follow-up
Change in Young Women's Reproductive and Sexual Health Stigma Scale (YWRSHSS) Score
Time Frame: Baseline, Post-intervention (4th week), 1st-month follow-up, and 3rd-month follow-up
Total score from the Young Women's Reproductive and Sexual Health Stigma Scale. It consists of 20 items. Scores range from 0 to 20, where higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stigma
Baseline, Post-intervention (4th week), 1st-month follow-up, and 3rd-month follow-up
Change in Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) Score
Time Frame: Baseline, Post-intervention (4th week), 1st-month follow-up, and 3rd-month follow-up
Total score from the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Short Form). It consists of 20 items assessing self-worth. Higher scores represent more positive self-esteem.
Baseline, Post-intervention (4th week), 1st-month follow-up, and 3rd-month follow-up

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
EDA OZYON ETLI

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Emel E EGE, Prof. Dr., Necmettin Erbakan University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 27, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
March 19, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
April 17, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 5, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 1, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 3, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 3, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 1, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 21764

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

De-identified individual participant data (IPD) that underlie the results reported in this study may be shared with researchers upon reasonable request via email to the corresponding author.

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Data will be available after the study results are published and for a period of up to 5 years.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

Researchers must provide a clear research objective and sign a data access agreement.

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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