Nitric Oxide (NO) and Endothelial Dysfunction in Women With PTSD

April 2, 2026 updated by: University of Minnesota

Role of Nitric Oxide (NO) in Endothelial Dysfunction in Premenopausal Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

This research study is conducted to better understand why women with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have higher risk of cardiovascular disease as they get older. This study looks at how trauma and PTSD affect blood vessels in young women by testing whether the dietary supplement beetroot juice might help improve the function of blood vessels in women suffering from PTSD.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
30

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.
  • Name: Ida-Arlaine Fonkoue, MD, PhD, MsCR
  • Phone Number: 612-626-2520
  • Email: fonko001@umn.edu

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Minnesota
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
        • Recruiting
        • University of Minnesota
        • Contact:
          • Ida-Arlaine Fonkoue, MD, PhD, MsCR
          • Phone Number: 612-626-2520
          • Email: fonko001@umn.edu

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women ages 18-40 (female as defined biologically)
  • Premenopausal as indicated by self-report of menstrual cycles.
  • Trauma-exposed with or without PTSD. Diagnostic Criteria for both trauma exposure and PTSD will be obtained via clinical interview, medical records, and self-report.
  • Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
  • Diagnosis of major depression (MD).
  • Comorbid Psychiatric Conditions: Participants with other anxiety disorders, and bipolar disorder without psychotic features, mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, and borderline personality disorder will be included.
  • Medical records will also assist in the detection of current and lifetime comorbid psychiatric conditions.
  • Any over-the-counter medications must be held for 24 hours before each testing visit.

The PTSD groups must meet DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD assessed via the CAPS 5 (at least 6 symptoms: 1 B, 1 C, 2 D, and 2 E), with a total severity score of ≥25:

We will enroll participants as long as they are stable on meds (no changes within the past 3 months). Many participants are often on psychiatric meds, but still have PTSD symptoms. It really isn't that this is an untreated sample. It is more than that it includes people actively symptomatic, regardless of current treatment. Participants will not be required to stop any psychiatric medications.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Non-biologically female people who may otherwise identify as women
  • Individuals who are taking hormone replacement therapy.
  • Pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the duration of the study
  • Individuals taking any types of hormonal contraceptives.
  • Self-reported Medical conditions: hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, vascular disease, ongoing illicit drug use, excessive alcohol use (>2 drinks per day), hyperlipidemia, autonomic dysfunction, any serious systemic disease, gastrointestinal disorders
  • Medications for PTSD or other cardiovascular diseases or any medication known to affect vascular function and central sympathetic output, such as antihypertensive medications (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, angiotensin receptor inhibitors), corticosteroids, direct-acting vasodilators like nitrates and hydralazine, thyroid medications such as carbimazole, thyroxin.
  • Psychiatric Comorbidities: Ongoing substance abuse will be excluded because of the sympathoexcitatory effect of illicit drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamines that exert a powerful pressor and direct sympathoexcitatory effect. A report of a minimum of 6 months of non-drug use (recovery) will be required for those who have a history of illicit drug use
  • Psychotic and dissociative disorders will be excluded due to concerns regarding comprehension and adherence.
  • The inability or unwillingness to abstain from nicotine use for at least 12 hours prior to physiologic studies (visits 1 and 2), to eliminate sympathoexcitatory effects of nicotine (half-life of 2 hours).

Any gastrointestinal complications, such as irritable bowel syndrome, and diseases such as celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome. Any food allergy related to dietary nitrates. Any food allergy to nitrate-containing foods.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Beetroot Juice
Dietary supplement: Beetroot Juice
We will use James White Beet It sports shot (70ml), which contains 400 mg of dietary nitrate
Placebo Comparator: Placebo Juice
Dietary supplement: Placebo Juice
James White Nitrate Depleted Placebo ( 70 ml) will be used as a placebo

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD)
Time Frame: Month 2
Difference in FMD before and after beetroot juice administration
Month 2

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Minnesota

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ida-Arlaine Fonkoue, MD, PhD, MsCR, University of Minnesota

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 18, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 16, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 16, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 20, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 3, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 2, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • PT-2025-34371

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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