Comparing the Combination of Sullumab and Fruquintinib in Postoperative Adjuvant Therapy for High Recurrence Risk Non Transparent Renal Cell Carcinoma

March 18, 2026 updated by: ZHOU FANGJIAN, Sun Yat-sen University

A Randomized Controlled, Multicenter Phase III Clinical Study Comparing the Combination of Sullimumab and Fruquintinib in Postoperative Adjuvant Therapy for High Recurrence Risk Non Transparent Renal Cell Carcinoma

This study is testing a new treatment approach for people who have had surgery to remove a type of kidney cancer called non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (non-ccRCC). This kind of kidney cancer is different from the most common type and tends to come back after surgery, especially in high-risk patients.

After surgery, many patients are at risk of their cancer returning. Right now, there is no standard treatment to prevent this from happening. This study aims to find out if combining two medications-Serplulimab (a PD-1 inhibitor) and Fruquintinib (a targeted drug that blocks blood vessel growth in tumors)-can help reduce the chance of cancer coming back.

The study will include up to 40 adults aged 18 to 75 who have had surgery to remove the tumor and are at high risk of recurrence. All participants will receive both drugs as part of an adjuvant therapy, meaning it is given after surgery to lower the risk of cancer returning.

Serplulimab will be given by IV every three weeks. Fruquintinib will be taken orally daily, with a schedule of 3 weeks on and 1 week off.

Treatment will last up to 12 months. Participants will be closely monitored throughout the study with regular check-ups, blood tests, imaging scans (like CT or MRI), and safety assessments. The main goal is to see how long patients stay free of cancer (called "disease-free survival"). Other goals include checking how well the treatment works, how safe it is, and whether certain biomarkers (like PD-L1 levels or genetic changes in tumor DNA) can predict who benefits most.

All medical care related to the study-including visits, scans, lab tests, and the study drugs-will be provided at no cost to participants. Participants may also have access to advanced molecular testing through a partner laboratory.

This is a single-center, open-label study, meaning everyone involved knows which treatment is being used. There is no placebo group; all participants receive active treatment.

The study team believes this combination could offer a promising way to improve outcomes for people with high-risk non-ccRCC after surgery. If successful, it may lead to a new standard of care for this patient group.

Participation is voluntary. Patients can leave the study at any time without affecting future medical care. Risks include side effects from the drugs, such as fatigue, high blood pressure, diarrhea, or immune-related reactions. The research team will monitor these carefully and provide appropriate care.

This study is being conducted by researchers at a single hospital in China and supported by domestic pharmaceutical companies. It follows all national and international guidelines for ethical research involving human participants.

It is hoped that this study will help better understand how to prevent kidney cancer from returning and improve survival for patients.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
40

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Guangdong
      • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510060
        • Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 18 and 75 years, inclusive.
  • Histologically confirmed diagnosis of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (non-ccRCC), including papillary, chromophobe, collecting duct, or other non-clear cell subtypes.
  • Completed radical nephrectomy (open or laparoscopic) with no evidence of residual tumor by imaging or pathology.
  • High-risk features defined as one or more of the following: pT3 or higher, regional lymph node involvement (N1), sarcomatoid differentiation, tumor necrosis, Fuhrman/ISUP nuclear grade ≥3, or positive surgical margin.
  • ECOG performance status of 0 or 1.
  • Adequate organ function: neutrophils ≥1.5 × 10⁹/L, platelets ≥100 × 10⁹/L, hemoglobin ≥9 g/dL; total bilirubin ≤1.5 × ULN; ALT/AST ≤2.5 × ULN; creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min; INR ≤1.5.
  • No prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant systemic anti-tumor therapy.
  • Willing and able to provide written informed consent and comply with study procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pathological diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma or mixed histology with ≥20% clear cell component.
  • Evidence of distant metastasis (M1) at baseline.
  • History of active autoimmune disease (e.g., lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease) or current use of immunosuppressive agents.
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic >150 mmHg or diastolic >100 mmHg), significant cardiovascular disease, or uncontrolled heart failure.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Serplulimab + Fruquintinib Adjuvant Therapy
Participants in this arm will receive adjuvant therapy with Serplulimab (3 mg/kg IV every 3 weeks) and Fruquintinib (5 mg orally daily, administered on a 3-week-on/1-week-off schedule) for up to 12 months following radical nephrectomy. The treatment aims to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence in high-risk non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients. Safety monitoring, imaging assessments, and biomarker analyses will be conducted throughout the study period.
Drug: Serplulimab in combination with Fruquintinib
This intervention consists of a combination of Serplulimab, a humanized anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, and Fruquintinib, a selective oral inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs). Serplulimab is administered intravenously at 3 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Fruquintinib is taken orally at 5 mg daily on a 3-week-on/1-week-off schedule. The regimen is given for up to 12 months following radical nephrectomy as adjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The dual mechanism aims to enhance anti-tumor immunity by blocking immune checkpoint inhibition while simultaneously inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.
Other Names:
  • Serplulimab + Fruquintinib

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Overall Survival (OS)
Time Frame: From the date of radical nephrectomy until death from any cause, assessed up to 60 months.
OS will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with historical controls.
From the date of radical nephrectomy until death from any cause, assessed up to 60 months.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
DFS
Time Frame: From randomization until disease recurrence or death, assessed up to 60 months.
Disease-Free Survival
From randomization until disease recurrence or death, assessed up to 60 months.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Sun Yat-sen University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 31, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 19, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 18, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 23, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 23, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 18, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2025-FXY-300

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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