Personalized Pharmaco-Lifestyle Interventions for Severe Mental Illnesses (LIFETRAIN) (LIFETRAIN)

May 7, 2026 updated by: Isabel Maurus, Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich

Personalised Pharmaco-Lifestyle Interventions for Severe Mental Illnesses Enhanced by Digital Health and Immersive Technologies

This randomized, rater-blind, multicenter clinical trial will evaluate whether a personalized pharmaco-lifestyle intervention improves mental functioning in adults with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder. Participants will be randomized to either a modular individualized intervention program or a structured psychoeducation control condition. The individualized intervention may include physical exercise, an anti-inflammatory diet, sleep intervention, social prescribing, semaglutide for eligible participants with overweight or obesity, and optional closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation for participants with prominent depressive symptoms. The primary outcome is change in the SF-36 Mental Component Summary score from baseline to Month 3.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
140

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Austria
      • Vienna, Austria, 1090
        • Medical University of Vienna
  • Germany
      • Mannheim, Germany, 68159
        • Central Institute of Mental Health
      • München, Germany, 80336
        • Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Klinikum
  • Netherlands
      • Groningen, Netherlands, 9713 GZ
        • University Medical Center Groningen
      • Utrecht, Netherlands, 3584 CX
        • University Medical Center Utrecht

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 to 65 years
  • Able and willing to provide written informed consent
  • Diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder according to DSM-5-TR, confirmed by M.I.N.I.
  • Female participants of childbearing potential must agree to use an effective method of contraception
  • Stable psychopathology defined as BPRS less than or equal to 41, MADRS less than or equal to 34, and YMRS less than or equal to 25, with stable psychopharmacological treatment for at least 2 weeks
  • Reduced functioning at screening defined as SF-36 score less than or equal to 40
  • If using benzodiazepines, dose less than or equal to 2 mg lorazepam equivalent per day
  • Stable somatic condition for at least 4 weeks
  • For semaglutide treatment: overweight with BMI at least 27 and less than 30 kg/m² plus at least one weight-related risk condition, or obesity with BMI at least 30 kg/m²
  • For optional adaptive neurostimulation: MADRS score at least 19
  • Expected ability to comply with study procedures in the investigator's judgment

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Unable to provide informed consent
  • Current or past neurological disorder or structural brain pathology that may affect study procedures
  • Known intolerance or hypersensitivity to semaglutide
  • Pregnancy or lactation
  • Serious suicidal risk
  • Substance dependence within the last 3 months
  • BMI less than 18.5 kg/m²
  • eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
  • Type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic retinopathy, or poorly controlled diabetes with recurrent hypoglycemic episodes
  • Pancreatitis, history of pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 or personal/family history of medullary thyroid cancer
  • Pre-existing significant gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease or gastroparesis
  • Need for acute surgery
  • Other medical condition that may affect study procedures or participant safety
  • For optional adaptive neurostimulation: nonremovable metal in or around the head, known increased intracranial pressure due to infarcts or trauma, professional metal work or prior ocular metal injury, history of rTMS or ECT, or current (es)ketamine treatment

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Personalized pharmaco-lifestyle intervention
Participants receive one or more individualized intervention modules selected according to predefined eligibility criteria, digital guidance, and shared decision-making. Modules may include exercise, anti-inflammatory diet, sleep intervention, social prescribing, semaglutide, and optional closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation for participants with prominent depressive symptoms. Weekly guided support is provided through Month 3, followed by self-directed continuation with digital support through Month 6.
Drug: Semaglutide (SEMA)
Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide for eligible participants with overweight or obesity and metabolic risk, titrated according to protocol up to 2.4 mg/week as tolerated, followed by tapering after Month 6.
Behavioral: Exercise module
Personalized moderate-intensity exercise intervention with supervised sessions during the structured phase and supported maintenance, targeting at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week.
Behavioral: Anti-inflammatory diet module
Structured anti-inflammatory dietary intervention based on the Brain Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition (BrAIN) diet, supported by coaching, recipes, and digital materials.
Behavioral: Sleep intervention module
Adapted cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (SLEEPexpert) including a structured introduction and supported self-management.
Behavioral: Social prescribing module
Structured intervention to increase social participation, community engagement, and behavioral activation.
Device: Closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation (CL-tACS)
Optional adjunctive bifrontal closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation for participants with prominent depressive symptoms.
Active Comparator: Structured lifestyle psychoeducation control
Participants receive structured psychoeducation and counseling on exercise, diet, sleep, and social contact approximately every four weeks through Month 3, followed by self-guided continuation through Month 6. Participants with prominent depressive symptoms may receive sham closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation.
Behavioral: Structured lifestyle psychoeducation
Control intervention consisting of psychoeducation and counseling on lifestyle domains with self-guided continuation.
Device: Sham CL-tACS
Sham closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation in the control arm for eligible participants with prominent depressive symptoms.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary (MCS) score
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3
Change from baseline in the SF-36 Mental Component Summary score.
Baseline to Month 3

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary score (MCS) at Month 6
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 6
Baseline to Month 6
Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary (PCS) score
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) total score
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in UCLA Loneliness Scale score
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in International Physical Activity Questionnaire
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in EQ-5D-3L score
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events
Time Frame: Baseline through day 240-243
Baseline through day 240-243
Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) psychotic symptoms
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in step aerobic test performance
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in grip strength
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in body weight
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in body mass index (BMI)
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in waist-to-hip ratio
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Chage in blood pressure
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in lean mass
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Change in fat mass
Time Frame: Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6
Baseline to Month 3 and Month 6

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 1, 2028

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 1, 2030

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2030

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 9, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 7, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 14, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 14, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 7, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • LIFETRAIN
  • U1111-1340-3272 (Other Identifier: Universal Trial Number (UTN))

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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Locations

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