Predictors of Religious Orientation Attitudes in Menopausal Women (MENO-RO)

August 26, 2026 updated by: Aslıhan Turan, KTO Karatay University

Predictors of Attitudes Toward Religious Orientation in Menopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

This descriptive, cross-sectional study examines whether the severity of menopausal symptoms and attitudes toward sexual myths predict intrinsic religious orientation in menopausal women. Menopause is a multidimensional transition with biological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects, and in societies with a strong cultural and religious fabric women may draw on religious orientation as a coping and meaning-making resource. Participants are healthy women aged 49 to 59 with a diagnosis of menopause and no chronic disease, recruited in Konya, Turkey. Data are collected face to face using a personal information form, the Menopause Rating Scale, the Intrinsic Religious Orientation Scale and the Sexual Myths Scale, and analysed with multiple regression.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Detailed Description

Background:

Menopause is a multidimensional transition in a woman's life with biological, psychological, social and spiritual dimensions. With increasing life expectancy, women spend roughly a third of their lives in the menopausal period. The decline in oestrogen is associated with hot flushes, sleep disturbance, mood fluctuations and sexual dysfunction, which can adversely affect quality of life. The literature emphasises that the menopause experience is shaped not only biologically but also by sociocultural factors and religious beliefs, and that religious and spiritual orientation can increase psychological resilience and reduce anxiety and stress. Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent in this period, and sexuality is closely linked to lifestyle, cultural roles, religious beliefs and societal myths; low sexual awareness and adoption of sexual myths may intensify the perceived severity of menopausal symptoms.

Aim:

To determine the predictive effect of the physical and psychological symptoms of menopause and of attitudes toward sexual myths on the intrinsic religious orientation of menopausal women.

Design and setting:

Descriptive, cross-sectional design. The study population comprises healthy women aged 49 to 59 with a diagnosis of menopause and no chronic health problem, presenting to a health facility in Konya, Turkey. The sample consists of women who meet the inclusion criteria and volunteer to participate.

Sample size:

Calculated with G*Power 3. For a linear multiple regression model with a medium effect size of 0.15, power of 0.95 and a Type I error of 0.05, a minimum of 89 participants is required. Allowing for a possible 10 percent data loss, 97 participants are planned.

Measures:

A personal information form (15 items covering sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics), the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), the Intrinsic Religious Orientation Scale and the Sexual Myths Scale. Written informed consent is obtained; author permissions for the scales are obtained by email. Data are collected face to face.

Statistical analysis:

Analyses are performed with IBM SPSS Statistics v29.0. Normality is assessed with visual and analytical methods (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). Descriptive statistics are reported as mean and standard deviation or median (minimum to maximum) as appropriate. Multiple regression models are built to estimate regression coefficients and 95 percent confidence intervals for the relationships between religious orientation and age, number of pregnancies, menopause duration, menopause symptom severity and sexual myths. Group comparisons use the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests where appropriate. Significance is set at p less than 0.05.

Ethics:

Institutional permission and ethics approval will be obtained from the Non-Drug and Non-Medical Device Research Ethics Board of KTO Karatay University before the study begins. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
97

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
      • Konya, Turkey (Türkiye)
        • Recruiting
        • Recruitment site (to be specified), Konya
        • Contact:
          • Aslihan Turan
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Aslihan Turan

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Healthy women aged 49 to 59 with a diagnosis of menopause and no chronic health problem, presenting to a health facility in Konya, Turkey, who volunteer and provide written informed consent.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Woman aged 49 to 59 years
  • Diagnosis of menopause
  • No chronic health problem
  • Volunteers to participate and provides written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

* Presence of a chronic disease (e.g. cardiac disease, diabetes, hypertension)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Menopausal women aged 49 to 59
Healthy women aged 49 to 59 with a diagnosis of menopause and no chronic disease (such as cardiac disease, diabetes or hypertension), recruited in Konya, Turkey, who volunteer to participate. Participants complete a single battery of self-report scales collected face to face; no intervention is applied.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Intrinsic religious orientation (Intrinsic Religious Orientation Scale)
Time Frame: Single assessment at enrollment (Day 1)
The Intrinsic Religious Orientation Scale (Hoge, 1972; Turkish standardisation by Karaca, 2001) contains 10 items measuring intrinsic religious motivation. Seven items are positively worded and three are negatively worded and reverse coded. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert format scored from 0 (weakest) to 4 (strongest), giving a total score of 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating stronger intrinsic religious orientation.
Single assessment at enrollment (Day 1)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Menopausal symptom severity (Menopause Rating Scale, MRS)
Time Frame: Single assessment at enrollment (Day 1)
The Menopause Rating Scale (Schneider et al., 2000; Turkish adaptation by Can Gurkan, 2005) is an 11-item scale with three subscales: somatic complaints, psychological complaints and urogenital complaints. Each item is rated on a 5-point scale from 0 (none) to 4 (very severe), giving a total score of 0 to 44, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity.
Single assessment at enrollment (Day 1)
Sexual myths (Sexual Myths Scale, SMS)
Time Frame: Single assessment at enrollment (Day 1)
The Sexual Myths Scale (Golbasi et al., 2016) is a 28-item, 5-point Likert scale with eight subscales (sexual orientation, gender, age and sexuality, sexual behaviour, masturbation, sexual violence, sexual intercourse and sexual satisfaction). The total score ranges from 28 to 140, with higher scores indicating a greater likelihood of holding sexual myths.
Single assessment at enrollment (Day 1)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
KTO Karatay University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Aslihan Turan, KTO Karatay University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 26, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
February 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
February 2, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 26, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 26, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 26, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • MENO-RELIG-2026

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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