Scenario-Based Hybrid Simulation for Patient Education in Assisted Reproductive Treatment

September 30, 2026 updated by: Duzce University

The Effect of a Scenario-Based Hybrid Simulation Aimed at Educating Patients Receiving Assisted Reproductive Treatment on Nursing Students' Anxiety, Effective Communication, Self-Efficacy, Knowledge, and Skills

This study aims to evaluate the effect of a scenario-based hybrid simulation designed for patient education in assisted reproductive treatment on nursing students' anxiety, effective communication, self-efficacy, knowledge, and skills. The study will include third-year nursing students enrolled in the Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Nursing course. Participants will receive six weeks of theoretical and video-based education followed by two scenario-based hybrid simulation sessions conducted four weeks apart. Outcomes will be assessed at four time points (T0, T1, T2, and T3). A preliminary application is planned with 6 students, followed by the main study with 30 students.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This study will use a single-group quasi-experimental design with repeated measurements. Participants will be third-year nursing students enrolled in the Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Nursing course at Düzce University Faculty of Health Sciences. After providing informed consent, baseline assessments (T0) will be conducted using the Introductory Information Form, anxiety, effective communication, self-efficacy, and assisted reproductive technologies knowledge measures.

Participants will then receive six weeks of structured theoretical education and video-based training. At the end of this period, the same outcome measures will be administered at T1. Participants will subsequently take part in the first scenario-based hybrid simulation involving a standardized female patient, a standardized male partner, and an injection model. The simulation will focus on assisted reproductive treatment stages, patient education, gonadotropin medication administration, and assessment of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), followed by debriefing.

Immediately after the first simulation, T2 assessments will be conducted, including anxiety, effective communication, self-efficacy, knowledge, and skill assessment. Four weeks later, participants will complete a second scenario-based hybrid simulation with the same learning objectives, followed by debriefing and the final T3 assessment.

A preliminary application is planned with 6 nursing students to evaluate the feasibility of the educational content, simulation scenario, assessment instruments, and implementation process. These students will not be included in the main study. The main study is planned with 30 eligible nursing students.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
30

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being a third-year undergraduate nursing student.
  • Being enrolled in the Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Nursing course.
  • Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study.
  • Having no previous experience with scenario-based or hybrid simulation training on assisted reproductive treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Not completing the simulation sessions.
  • Not completing any of the required data collection assessments.
  • Withdrawing from the study voluntarily.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Scenario-Based Hybrid Simulation

Participants will receive six weeks of structured theoretical and video-based education followed by two scenario-based hybrid simulation sessions conducted four weeks apart. The simulations will involve a standardized female patient, a standardized male partner, and an injection model. Students will provide education regarding assisted reproductive treatment, gonadotropin medication administration, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.
Behavioral: Scenario-Based Hybrid Simulation

Participants will receive six weeks of structured theoretical and video-based education on assisted reproductive technologies and nursing, followed by two scenario-based hybrid simulation sessions conducted four weeks apart. Each simulation will involve a standardized female patient, a standardized male partner, and an injection model. Students will provide education on assisted reproductive treatment stages, the role of the male partner, gonadotropin medication administration, and risk factors and signs and symptoms of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Each simulation will be followed by a structured debriefing session.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Assisted Reproductive Technologies Knowledge Score
Time Frame: At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).

Change in students' knowledge regarding assisted reproductive technologies, assessed using the researcher-developed Assisted Reproductive Technologies Knowledge Test. The knowledge test was developed by the researchers based on the relevant literature and study objectives. The content validity of the test was evaluated through expert review, and a preliminary application was conducted with students from a different group who were not included in the main study. Item difficulty analyses were performed based on the preliminary application to evaluate the appropriateness and discriminatory characteristics of the test items. Higher scores indicate a higher level of knowledge regarding assisted reproductive technologies.
At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Effective Communication Skills
Time Frame: At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).

Effective communication skills will be assessed at T0, T1, T2, and T3 using the Effective Communication Skills Scale. The scale consists of 34 items and five subdimensions: ego-enhancing language, active listening, self-awareness/self-disclosure, empathy, and use of "I" language. It uses a 5-point Likert-type response format, with higher scores indicating better effective communication skills.Cronbach alfa value is 0.93 for the full scale, and 0.85, 0.90, 0.78, 0.91, and 0.53 for the Ego Supportive Language, Active-Participative Listening, Self-recognition/Self-disclosure, Empathy, and I-language sub-dimensions, respectively.
At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).
Change in Anxiety Level
Time Frame: At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).

Anxiety will be assessed at T0, T1, T2, and T3 using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The STAI is a 40-item self-report instrument consisting of two subscales: State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety, with 20 items in each subscale. Items are rated on a 4-point response scale. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety. The Turkish version of the STAI has been adapted and validated for use in Turkish populations. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were reported as 0.92 for state anxiety and 0.87 for trait anxiety.
At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).
Change in Self-Efficacy
Time Frame: At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).

Self-efficacy will be assessed at T0, T1, T2, and T3 using the Student Self-Efficacy Scale. The scale consists of 10 items and has a single-factor structure. It is a self-report measure developed to assess students' perceived self-efficacy. Higher scores indicate higher levels of self-efficacy. The Turkish version of the scale has demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability among undergraduate nursing students.The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81, while corrected item-total correlations ranged from 0.45 to 0.56.
At baseline (Day 0), after 6 weeks of theoretical and video-based education (Week 6), immediately after the first simulation session (Week 8), and immediately after the second simulation session, conducted 4 weeks after the first simulation (Week 12).
Change in Simulation Skill Performance
Time Frame: Skills will be assessed at two time points: immediately after the first simulation (Week 8) and immediately after the second simulation (Week 12), with a 4-week interval between assessments.

Simulation skill performance will be assessed during the first and second simulation sessions (T2 and T3) using the researcher-developed Skill Assessment Form. The form was developed based on the study objectives and relevant literature, and its content was evaluated through expert review. The form evaluates students' performance in communicating with the female patient and male partner, explaining the stages of assisted reproductive treatment and the role of the male partner, preparing and administering gonadotropin medication, and providing education on medication administration. Higher scores indicate better performance.
Skills will be assessed at two time points: immediately after the first simulation (Week 8) and immediately after the second simulation (Week 12), with a 4-week interval between assessments.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Duzce University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Hilal Karadeniz, Duzce University
  • Study Director: Atiye Erbaş, PhD, Duzce University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 15, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 15, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
September 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 30, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
October 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 30, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • DUZCEU-ARTSIM-2026

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data will not be shared with other researchers because the study involves a relatively small group of nursing students from a single institution. Sharing individual-level data may increase the risk of participant identification and compromise confidentiality and privacy, particularly when combined with participants' demographic and academic characteristics. Therefore, individual participant data will be kept confidential and will not be made available for external research use.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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