Evaluation of Gingival Tissue Protein Levels of Serum Amyloid A Family Members

November 10, 2026 updated by: Burcu KARADUMAN

The primary aim of this study is to determine the serum amyloid A (SAA) family protein levels in gingival tissue samples obtained from periodontally healthy and periodontitis patients and to evaluate their relationship with periodontal status. Additionally, the study aims to assess the potential effect of smoking on the amount of SAA proteins in gingival tissue.

Following ethical committee approval, a total of 108 individuals aged 18-65 years who attending to the Department of Periodontology, Biruni University Faculty of Dentistry, will be included in the study. The study groups will consist of 27 non-smoking individuals with periodontally healthy tissue, 27 smoking individuals with periodontally healthy tissue, 27 non-smoking individuals with stage III grade B periodontitis, and 27 smoking individuals with stage III grade C periodontitis. The non-smoking groups will include individuals who have never smoked, while the smoking groups will include individuals who, according to patient statements, have smoked at least 10 cigarettes per day for more than five years.

All participants will be informed about the study and their written consent will be obtained. Plaque score, probing depth, gingival margin position, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing will be measured by a calibrated investigator. Gingival tissue samples from periodontally healthy individuals will be collected during planned tooth extraction or periodontal surgical procedures such as gingivoplasty, gingivectomy, or clinical crown lengthening, independent of the study. Only gingival tissues that would otherwise be discarded as medical waste during routine treatment will be used. In individuals with periodontitis, granulation tissue removed during subgingival instrumentation as part of non-surgical periodontal treatment is planned for use. No additional tissue will be removed from the periodontal pocket wall or junctional epithelium for research purposes; the scope of the clinical procedure will not be expanded if suitable tissue cannot be obtained.

Gingival tissue samples will only be collected initially, stored at -80°C until the day of analysis, and evaluated using the ELISA method.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
108

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adults aged 18-65 years attending the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, who meet the study eligibility criteria. A total of 108 participants will be included in four groups of 27: periodontally healthy never smokers, periodontally healthy smokers, never smokers with stage III grade B periodontitis, and smokers with stage III grade C periodontitis. Periodontally healthy participants must have an independent clinical indication for tooth extraction or periodontal surgery during which gingival tissue would otherwise be discarded.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participants must meet the periodontal disease and health criteria,
  • Be between 18-65 years of age,
  • Periodontally healthy participants must have an indication for tooth extraction or surgical periodontal treatment where a gingival tissue sample can be collected as part of the treatment plan,
  • Not have a systemic disease that may affect the pathogenesis of periodontal disease,
  • Not be pregnant or breastfeeding,
  • Not be using any medication that may affect the immune system,
  • Not have used antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 3 months,
  • Not have received any periodontal treatment in the last 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having diseases that may affect periodontal tissues, the course of periodontal disease, and the response to periodontal treatment,
  • Using medications that may affect periodontal tissues, the course of periodontal disease, and the response to periodontal treatment,
  • Being pregnant or breastfeeding,
  • Chronic alcohol use,
  • Using antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs within the last 3 months,
  • Having received periodontal treatment within the last 3 months.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: CASE_CONTROL
  • Time Perspectives: CROSS_SECTIONAL

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Periodontally Healthy Non-smokers

Twenty-seven adults aged 18-65 years who have never smoked, with periodontal health on an intact periodontium, probing depths ≤3 mm, bleeding on probing at <10% of sites, no radiographic bone loss, and no history of periodontal disease.
Periodontally Healthy Smokers

Twenty-seven adults aged 18-65 years who report smoking ≥10 cigarettes per day for more than 5 years, with periodontal health on an intact periodontium, probing depths ≤3 mm, bleeding on probing at <10% of sites, no radiographic bone loss, and no history of periodontal disease.
Stage III Grade B Periodontitis

Twenty-seven adults aged 18-65 years who have never smoked and have stage III grade B periodontitis. Clinical criteria include clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm at ≥2 nonadjacent teeth, radiographic bone loss extending to the middle third of the root or beyond, loss of ≤4 teeth due to periodontitis, probing depths ≥6 mm, vertical bone loss ≥3 mm, and ≥20 remaining teeth. The percentage radiographic bone loss-to-age ratio will be 0.25-1.0.
Stage III Grade C Periodontitis

Twenty-seven adults aged 18-65 years who report smoking ≥10 cigarettes per day for more than 5 years and have stage III grade C periodontitis. Clinical criteria include clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm at ≥2 nonadjacent teeth, radiographic bone loss extending to the middle third of the root or beyond, loss of ≤4 teeth due to periodontitis, probing depths ≥6 mm, vertical bone loss ≥3 mm, and ≥20 remaining teeth. The percentage radiographic bone loss-to-age ratio will be 0.25-1.0; grade C classification will be based on smoking ≥10 cigarettes per day as a grade modifier.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Gingival tissue SAA1 concentration
Time Frame: Baseline

SAA1 concentration in gingival tissue homogenates will be measured by ELISA (FineTest) according to the manufacturer's instructions and reported in ng/mL.
Baseline
Gingival tissue SAA2 concentration
Time Frame: Baseline

SAA2 concentration in gingival tissue homogenates will be measured by ELISA (FineTest) according to the manufacturer's instructions and reported in ng/mL.
Baseline
Gingival tissue SAA3 concentration
Time Frame: Baseline

SAA3 concentration in gingival tissue homogenates will be measured by ELISA (FineTest) according to the manufacturer's instructions and reported in ng/mL.
Baseline
Gingival tissue SAA4 concentration
Time Frame: Baseline

SAA4 concentration in gingival tissue homogenates will be measured by ELISA (FineTest) according to the manufacturer's instructions and reported in ng/mL.
Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Correlation Between Gingival Tissue SAA Protein Levels and Probing Depth
Time Frame: Baseline

Correlation between gingival tissue serum amyloid A (SAA) family protein levels and probing depth, measured in millimeters (mm).
Baseline
Correlation Between Gingival Tissue SAA Protein Levels and Plaque Score
Time Frame: Baseline

Correlation between gingival tissue serum amyloid A (SAA) family protein levels and plaque score, expressed as the percentage, of examined sites with plaque.
Baseline
Correlation Between Gingival Tissue SAA Protein Levels and Bleeding on Probing
Time Frame: Baseline

Correlation between gingival tissue serum amyloid A (SAA) family protein levels and bleeding on probing, expressed as the percentage of examined sites exhibiting bleeding after probing.
Baseline
Correlation Between Gingival Tissue SAA Protein Levels and Clinical Attachment Level
Time Frame: Baseline

Correlation between gingival tissue serum amyloid A (SAA) family protein levels and clinical attachment level, measured in millimeters.
Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Burcu KARADUMAN

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
December 4, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
February 4, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 4, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 4, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 10, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
November 13, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
November 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 10, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • SAA-GT-2026-11

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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