Combination Chemotherapy, Bone Marrow Transplantation, and Radiation Therapy in Treating Infants With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Infants Less Than 1 Year of Age.

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop cancer cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more cancer cells. Bone marrow transplantation may allow the doctor to give higher doses of chemotherapy and kill more cancer cells. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage cancer cells.

PURPOSE: Phase II trial to study the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, and radiation therapy in treating infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: cyclophosphamide; Drug: leucovorin calcium; Drug: prednisone; Drug: asparaginase; Drug: cytarabine; Drug: daunorubicin hydrochloride; Drug: dexamethasone; Drug: etoposide; Drug: methotrexate; Drug: methylprednisolone; Drug: therapeutic hydrocortisone; Drug: vincristine sulfate; Procedure: allogeneic bone marrow transplantation; Drug: mercaptopurine; Biological: filgrastim; Drug: cyclosporine; Drug: mesna; Radiation: low-LET photon therapy; Radiation: low-LET cobalt-60 gamma ray therapy; Drug: pegaspargase

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVES: I. Assess the feasibility and outcome of intensified induction/consolidation followed by intensified re-induction/re-intensification in infants less than 1 year of age with newly diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). II. Evaluate the feasibility and outcome of bone marrow transplantation using family or unrelated donors in infants with the 11q23 abnormality. III. Evaluate neuropsychologic outcome upon completion of protocol therapy in patients who have reached the ages of 3 and 7 years, with special attention to the outcome in infants who received total-body irradiation. IV. Study the biology of infant ALL in samples of leukemic blood and bone marrow. V. Study the possible associations among patient- and disease-specific factors and family sociodemographic characteristics that mediate treatment outcome.

OUTLINE: Upon completion of Induction/Intensification and Re-Induction therapy, patients with the 11q23 abnormality and with a matched or one-antigen mismatched related or unrelated donor proceed immediately to Transplantation; all others proceed to Re-Intensification, Consolidation, Intensified Maintenance, and Routine Maintenance. The following acronyms are used: AlBM Allogeneic Bone Marrow ARA-C Cytarabine, NSC-63878 ASP Asparaginase, NSC-109229 CF Leucovorin calcium, NSC-3590 CTX Cyclophosphamide, NSC-26271 CYSP Cyclosporine, NSC-290193 DM Dexamethasone, NSC-34521 DNR Daunorubicin, NSC-82151 G-CSF Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (Amgen), NSC-614629 HC Hydrocortisone, NSC-10483 MePRDL Methylprednisolone, NSC-19987 Mesna Mercaptoethane sulfonate, NSC-113891 MP Mercaptopurine, NSC-755 MTX Methotrexate, NSC-740 PEG-ASP Pegaspargase, NSC-644954 PRED Prednisone, NSC-10023 TBI Total-Body Irradiation TIT Triple Intrathecal Therapy (IT ARA-C/IT HC/IT MTX) VCR Vincristine, NSC-67574 VH Very High Dose VP-16 Etoposide, NSC-141540 INDUCTION/INTENSIFICATION: 5-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy followed by 3-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy plus 3-Drug Combination Intrathecal Chemotherapy. DM/VCR/DNR/CTX/Mesna/ASP; followed by MTX/CF/VP-16/CTX/Mesna; plus TIT. RE-INDUCTION: 5-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy plus 3-Drug Combination Intrathecal Chemotherapy. DNR/VCR/CTX/Mesna/ASP/DM; plus TIT. RE-INTENSIFICATION: 2-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy plus Single-Agent Intrathecal Chemotherapy followed by 2-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy. VCR/VH MTX/CF; plus IT ARA-C; followed by VP-16/CTX/Mesna. CONSOLIDATION: 2-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy followed by 2-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy plus Single-Agent Intrathecal Chemotherapy. ARA-C/ASP; followed by VH MTX/CF/VCR; plus IT ARA-C. INTENSIFIED MAINTENANCE: 4-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy plus Single-Agent Intrathecal Chemotherapy followed by 2-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy. DM/VCR/MTX/MP; plus IT ARA-C followed by VP-16/CTX/Mesna. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE: 4-Drug Combination Systemic Chemotherapy plus Single-Agent Intrathecal Chemotherapy. VCR/MTX/MP/PRED; plus IT MTX. TRANSPLANTATION: 2-Drug Combination Myeloablative Chemotherapy followed by Radiotherapy followed by Hematopoietic Rescue plus GVHD Prophylaxis. ARA-C/CTX; followed by TBI using a linear accelerator or Co60 equipment; followed by AlBM; plus MePRDL; CYSP.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: 100 patients per year will be entered over approximately 3 years.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Australia
  • Western Australia
    • Perth, Western Australia, Australia, 6001
      • Princess Margaret Hospital for Children
• Canada
  • British Columbia
    • Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6H 3V4
      • British Columbia Children's Hospital
  • Nova Scotia
    • Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3J 3G9
      • IWK Grace Health Centre
• United States
  • California
    • Long Beach, California, United States, 90806
      • Long Beach Memorial Medical Center
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095-1781
      • Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90027-0700
      • Children's Hospital Los Angeles
    • Orange, California, United States, 92668
      • Children's Hospital of Orange County
    • San Francisco, California, United States, 94115-0128
      • UCSF Cancer Center and Cancer Research Institute
  • Colorado
    • Denver, Colorado, United States, 80218
      • Children's Hospital of Denver
  • District of Columbia
    • Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20010-2970
      • Children's National Medical Center
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
      • University of Chicago Cancer Research Center
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202-5265
      • Indiana University Cancer Center
  • Iowa
    • Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
      • University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
  • Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109-0752
      • University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
      • University of Minnesota Cancer Center
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
      • Mayo Clinic Cancer Center
  • Missouri
    • Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64108
      • Children's Mercy Hospital - Kansas City
  • Nebraska
    • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68198-3330
      • University of Nebraska Medical Center
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10021
      • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
    • New York, New York, United States, 10016
      • Kaplan Cancer Center
    • New York, New York, United States, 10032
      • Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
  • North Carolina
    • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599-7295
      • Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC
  • Ohio
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45229-3039
      • Children's Hospital Medical Center - Cincinnati
    • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106-5065
      • Ireland Cancer Center
    • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43205-2696
      • Children's Hospital of Columbus
  • Oregon
    • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97201-3098
      • Doernbecher Children's Hospital
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
      • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
    • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15213
      • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
  • Tennessee
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37232-6838
      • Vanderbilt Cancer Center
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center
  • Utah
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84132
      • Huntsman Cancer Institute
  • Washington
    • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98105
      • Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center - Seattle
  • Wisconsin
    • Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53792
      • University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: No older than 1 year (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically confirmed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in infants under 12 months of age at diagnosis Adequate bone marrow and/or peripheral blood specimens with blasts available No prior treatment for ALL except emergency therapy for the following: Blast cell crisis Superior vena cava syndrome Renal failure due to leukemic infiltration of the kidneys

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: See General Eligibility Criteria

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Event Free Survival

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Children's Oncology Group
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Study Chair: Patricia A. Dinndorf, MD, Children's National Research Institute

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Nguyen K, Devidas M, Cheng SC, La M, Raetz EA, Carroll WL, Winick NJ, Hunger SP, Gaynon PS, Loh ML; Children's Oncology Group. Factors influencing survival after relapse from acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Children's Oncology Group study. Leukemia. 2008 Dec;22(12):2142-50. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.251. Epub 2008 Sep 25.
• Dreyer ZE, Dinndorf PA, Camitta B, Sather H, La MK, Devidas M, Hilden JM, Heerema NA, Sanders JE, McGlennen R, Willman CL, Carroll AJ, Behm F, Smith FO, Woods WG, Godder K, Reaman GH. Analysis of the role of hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first remission and MLL gene rearrangements: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jan 10;29(2):214-22. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2009.26.8938. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
• Salzer W, Dinndorf P, Dreyer Z, Hilden J, Reaman GH. Analysis of infectious complications in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated on the Children's Cancer Group Protocol 1953: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2009 Jun;31(6):398-405. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181a6dec0.
• Robinson BW, Cao K, Hilden JM, et al.: Age is the strongest determinant of leukemia blast cell gene expression in MLL-rearranged infant ALL and MLL-AF4 directs a distinct gene expression profile related to CNS disease. [Abstract] Blood 112 (11): A-1200, 2008.
• Hilden JM, Dinndorf PA, Meerbaum SO, Sather H, Villaluna D, Heerema NA, McGlennen R, Smith FO, Woods WG, Salzer WL, Johnstone HS, Dreyer Z, Reaman GH; Children's Oncology Group. Analysis of prognostic factors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in infants: report on CCG 1953 from the Children's Oncology Group. Blood. 2006 Jul 15;108(2):441-51. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-07-3011. Epub 2006 Mar 23.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 1996
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2000
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2007

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 1, 1999
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 15, 2004
• First Posted (Estimate): June 16, 2004

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): July 24, 2014
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 23, 2014
• Last Verified: July 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: untreated childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Lymphatic Diseases; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Leukemia; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Autonomic Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Antiviral Agents; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Tubulin Modulators; Antimitotic Agents; Mitosis Modulators; Antiemetics; Gastrointestinal Agents; Glucocorticoids; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Neuroprotective Agents; Protective Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; Topoisomerase Inhibitors; Dermatologic Agents; Trace Elements; Micronutrients; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Vitamins; Antifungal Agents; Reproductive Control Agents; Antidotes; Vitamin B Complex; Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; Abortifacient Agents; Folic Acid Antagonists; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Dexamethasone; Methylprednisolone; Cyclophosphamide; Etoposide; Leucovorin; Levoleucovorin; Prednisone; Cytarabine; Methotrexate; Vincristine; Daunorubicin; Asparaginase; Mercaptopurine; Hydrocortisone; Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate 21-propionate; Hydrocortisone acetate; Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate; Cyclosporine; Cyclosporins; Pegaspargase; Cobalt
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1953; CCG-1953 (Other Identifier: Children's Cancer Group); CDR0000064841 (Other Identifier: Clinical Trials.gov)