- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT00189085
Effects of Ezetimibe on Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Endothelial Function
The Effects of Ezetimibe on Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With the Metabolic Syndrome.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
In patients at high risk for future cardiovascular events, more intensive LDL cholesterol lowering with high doses statin therapy provides greater protection against death or major cardiovascular events than does a standard regimen. Intensive LDL cholesterol lowering can be achieved by high dose statin treatment or with combination therapy of lower doses statin and ezetimibe. However, it is unclear whether this combination therapy results in the same or more beneficial effects on cardiovascular prognosis.
The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of several vascular risk factors (as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and high fasting glucose). The underlying pathophysiology is still not fully clarified, but insulin resistance seems to be a main characteristic of this syndrome. Subjects with the metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for the development of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and type II diabetes. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is high in patients with clinical manifestations of vascular diseases and is associated with more vascular damage in these patients.
Insulin resistance is linked to endothelial dysfunction and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability by several mechanisms including, inflammation (as reflected by elevated high sensitive C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) plasma levels), disruption of insulin receptor signalling cascades, increased production of cytokines and activation of the renin angiotensin system. However, other studies do not support an association between insulin resistance and endothelial function, so this mechanism seems controversial.
In the postprandial state, insulin resistance is associated with hyperlipidemia. Postprandial hyperlipidemia may be an important determinant of endothelial dysfunction as well. Remnants of chylomicron and very low density lipoprotein metabolism impair endothelial dependent vasodilatation. In line with the hypothesis that endothelial function can be used as a surrogate endpoint for cardiovascular morbidity, therapeutic modulation of (postprandial) endothelial function may potentially contribute to prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with the metabolic syndrome.
Statin therapy modulates (postprandial) endothelial function but it is not known whether this is an indirect effect of lipid-lowering or a direct vascular effect of statins influencing the stability and bioavailability of NOS.
AIMS In the present study we propose to investigate the effects of the cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe on postprandial lipemia and (postprandial) endothelial function in patients with the metabolic syndrome. High-dose statin monotherapy has the same lipid-lowering effect (on fasting lipids) as the combination therapy of low dose statin and ezetimibe. The latter may reduce postprandial lipemia more effectively and may therefore have beneficial effects on postprandial endothelial dysfunction.
Ezetimibe is unlikely to have a direct vascular effect and therefore any observed change in vascular function is due to a change in postprandial lipemia. As secondary objective of the study, this enables us to differentiate between direct and indirect effects of statin therapy on postprandial endothelial function comparing modulation of postprandial endothelial function by monotherapy simvastatin with combination therapy of simvastatin and ezetimibe.
Hypothesis With comparable reduction in fasting plasma lipids, combination therapy of low-dose statin and ezetimibe reduces postprandial lipemia better than high-dose statin monotherapy. This leads to better postprandial endothelial function in patients with the metabolic syndrome.
Objectives
- To determine the effects of combination therapy of low-dose statin and ezetimibe on postprandial hyperlipidemia compared to high-dose statin monotherapy.
- To determine the effects of combination therapy of low-dose statin and ezetimibe on postprandial endothelial (dys-)function compared to high-dose statin monotherapy.
Study Type
Enrollment
Phase
- Phase 4
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Utrecht, Netherlands, 3584 CX
- Department of Vascular Medicine UMC Utrecht
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male and female (postmenopausal) patients, 18-70 years of age
Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome according to ATP III criteria(4), including 3 or more of the following metabolic abnormalities:
- abdominal obesity (waist circumference > 102 cm in men and > 88 cm in women)
- elevated blood pressure (³ 130 mmHg systolic or ³ 85 mmHg diastolic)
- hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglycerides ³ 1.70 mmol/L
- low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (serum HDL-cholesterol <1.04 mmol/L in men and < 1.29 mmol/L in women)
- high fasting glucose (fasting serum glucose ³ 6.1 mmol/L)
- Written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Smoking
- Thyroid disease (TSH > 5 mU/L with clinical symptoms of hypothyroidism)
- Hepatic disease (ASAT or ALAT > 2 times the upper limit of normal)
- Renal disease (serum creatinine > 1.7 times the upper limit of normal).
- A history of coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arterial disease.
- Use of lipid lowering therapy
- Systolic blood pressure ≥ 180 mmHg and /or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 110 mmHg
- BMI > 35
- HbA1c > 6.5%
- Triglycerides > 8.0 mmol/L
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
- Allocation: RANDOMIZED
- Interventional Model: CROSSOVER
- Masking: DOUBLE
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
---|---|
Postprandial lipemia
Time Frame: 0, 1, 2 and 4 hours after eating
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0, 1, 2 and 4 hours after eating
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Postprandial endothelial function
Time Frame: 0 and 4 hours after the meal
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0 and 4 hours after the meal
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Westerweel PE, Visseren FL, Hajer GR, Olijhoek JK, Hoefer IE, de Bree P, Rafii S, Doevendans PA, Verhaar MC. Endothelial progenitor cell levels in obese men with the metabolic syndrome and the effect of simvastatin monotherapy vs. simvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy. Eur Heart J. 2008 Nov;29(22):2808-17. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn431. Epub 2008 Sep 28.
- Olijhoek JK, Hajer GR, van der Graaf Y, Dallinga-Thie GM, Visseren FL. The effects of low-dose simvastatin and ezetimibe compared to high-dose simvastatin alone on post-fat load endothelial function in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind crossover trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2008 Aug;52(2):145-50. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31817ffe76.
- Hajer GR, Dallinga-Thie GM, van Vark-van der Zee LC, Olijhoek JK, Visseren FL. Lipid-lowering therapy does not affect the postprandial drop in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) plasma levels in obese men with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double blind crossover trial. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 Dec;69(6):870-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03250.x. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Study Completion
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (ESTIMATE)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Pathologic Processes
- Glucose Metabolism Disorders
- Metabolic Diseases
- Disease
- Insulin Resistance
- Hyperinsulinism
- Lipid Metabolism Disorders
- Dyslipidemias
- Syndrome
- Metabolic Syndrome
- Hyperlipidemias
- Hyperlipoproteinemias
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Antimetabolites
- Anticholesteremic Agents
- Hypolipidemic Agents
- Lipid Regulating Agents
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- Simvastatin
- Ezetimibe
- Ezetimibe, Simvastatin Drug Combination
Other Study ID Numbers
- EZET
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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