Tobacco Approach Avoidance Training for Adolescent Smokers-1 (AAT-1)

Tobacco Approach Avoidance Training for Smoking Cessation in Adolescent Smokers-Study 1

This is a two part study. Study 1 will compare Approach Avoidance Training (AAT) responses in smokers and nonsmokers in order to confirm that adolescent smokers experience cognitive bias towards tobacco-related stimuli.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Tobacco Use Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: AAT experiment

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 40
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Connecticut
    • New Haven, Connecticut, United States, 06519
      • Yale University, School of Medicine, Dpeartment of Psychiatry

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 13 years to 18 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Between ages 13-18 years
• Able to read and write in English.
• Smokers: Smoking 5 or more cigarettes daily for at least 6 months; Baseline urine cotinine levels > 500 ng/ml
• Nonsmokers: Never smokers; Baseline urine cotinine levels < 50 ng/ml

Exclusion Criteria:

• Current criteria for dependence on another psychoactive substance
• Current diagnosis of psychosis, major depression or panic disorder
• Regular use of any psychoactive drugs including anxiolytics and antidepressants unless the medication has been taken consistently for 2 months, is currently being monitored by a physician, and the condition for which the medication is taken is considered to be stable
• Pregnant or lactating girls, based on self report.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Approach Avoidance Task experiment	Behavioral: AAT experiment; Smokers and nonsmokers complete AAT experiment

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli	For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expect that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses.	at end of AAT at Day 1
automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli	For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses.	at end of AAT at Day 8
automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli	For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses.	at end of AAT at Day 15
automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli	For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses.	at end of AAT at Day 22
automatic approach tendencies towards smoking-related stimuli	For all AAT comparisons, the investigators will compare median scores (to minimize influence of outliers) for cigarette approach and cigarette avoid RTs. The difference between these values gives the smoking AAT-scores, which the investigators expect to not differ from zero in the non-smokers (or to show mild avoidance), while it is expected that smokers will be faster to approach than to avoid cigarettes. ANOVA models will be used to compare scores in smokers vs. nonsmokers. Regression analyses will be used to explore the relationships between impulsivity-related measures and AAT responses.	at end of AAT at Day 29

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Yale University
• Collaborators: VU University of Amsterdam

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Related Info

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: September 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 1, 2012
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 19, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 20, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): June 21, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): August 21, 2013
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 19, 2013
• Last Verified: August 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Adolescent; Smoking; Tobacco; Nicotine
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Chemically-Induced Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Tobacco Use Disorder
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1103008127-1