Body Composition in Preschool Children

February 2, 2023 updated by: Mahidol University

Body Composition and Dietary Intake in Preschool Children Aged 3-5 Years in Daycare Centers

Thailand has been facing with the double burden of malnutrition. Many studies in Thailand, which aim to explore the situation, causes, and strategies to prevent obesity, have focused on adults, adolescents, or school-aged children. Few studies have been conducted in preschool children. Obesity or stunting during childhood increases the risk of being obesity in adulthood and leads to chronic diseases. If obesity is established in adulthood, it is difficult to reduce the excess weight. Thus, the prevention of obesity or stunting in young children should be highly considered. Study of dietary pattern and reliable field methods to measure fat mass (FM) in children may partly contribute to primary prevention of childhood obesity. The deuterium dilution technique is an accurate and suitable method for children and population-based studies. However, it has not been widely used in children in Thailand. Hence, this study aimed to utilize the deuterium dilution technique for assessing body composition and to determine the quality and quantity of dietary intake among children 3-5 years of age with different nutritional status. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 15 daycare centers in Nakhon Pathom and Samut Prakarn provinces. 120 preschoolers were purposively selected according to their nutritional status: stunted, thin, normal, and overweight/obese. Anthropometric measurements were conducted. Body composition was determined based on total body water using deuterium dilution technique. Dietary intake data were obtained using 2-day 24 hr recall.We hypothesized that stunted and obese children will have more fat mass compared to the normal children.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Detailed Description

Body composition of the children was assessed using the deuterium technique. Total body water (TBW) content was calculated. Then, fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) was calculated.

Weight and height of all children were using a standard technique. Body mass index and nutritional status was calculated using World Health Organization (WHO) growth standard for children 0-5 years.

Dietary intake of children was assessed using 2 non-consecutive 24 hour dietary recalls. The 1st and 2nd recall was about 2 weeks apart. Nutrient intake was calculated using the INMUCAL-Nutrients WD. 4.0 (Institute of Nutrition, 2010).

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

137

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Thailand
    • Nakhon Pathom
      • Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, 73170
        • Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

3 years to 5 years (CHILD)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Children in the daycare centers in Nakhon Pathom and Samut Prakarn porvinces will be screened and categorized into 4 groups, including wasting (BMI for age Z-scores < -2 SD), normal (-1 SD ≤ BMI for age Z-scores ≤ +1 SD), obesity (BMI for age Z-scores > +2 SD), and stunting (HAZ < -2 SD). Then, they will be randomly selected to participate in this study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Healthy children
  • Aged 3-5 years
  • BMI or HAZ fall in the study protocol

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Chronic diseases
  • Ongoing medical treatments likely to affect body composition
  • Malformation or muscle diseases

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
wasting, obesity, stunting, normal
wasting (BMI for age Z-scores < -2 SD), normal (-1 SD ≤ BMI for age Z-scores ≤ +1 SD), obesity (BMI for age Z-scores > +2 SD), and stunting (HAZ < -2 SD).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Body composition
Time Frame: 4 months
Body fatness
4 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Nutrient intake
Time Frame: 4 months
24 hr recall was perform on a weekend day and a weekday day and nutrient intake was calculated.
4 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Mahidol University

Collaborators

International Atomic Energy Agency

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

November 1, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

July 1, 2012

Study Completion (Actual)

July 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 13, 2013

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 8, 2013

First Posted (Estimate)

August 12, 2013

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 3, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 2, 2023

Last Verified

February 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • MU-IRB 2010/211.0807
  • A09/2554 (Other Grant/Funding Number: Mahidol University)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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