PROSTVAC (PSA-TRICOM) in Preventing Disease Progression in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Active Surveillance

Phase II Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of PROSTVAC (PSA-TRICOM) in Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Active Surveillance

This randomized phase II trial studies how well PROSTVAC (prostate-specific antigen [PSA]-TRICOM) works in preventing disease progression in patients with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance. Vaccines made from a person's tumor cells may help the body build an effective immune response to kill tumor cells that express PSA.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Stage I Prostate Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7; Stage II Prostate Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Biological: Rilimogene Galvacirepvec; Other: Placebo Administration

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the effect of rilimogene-galvacirepvec (PROSTVAC) on the change (from pre to post-intervention) in CD8+ positive cells in the stroma adjacent to tumor and within the malignant portion of the prostate biopsies.

II. To determine the effect of PROSTVAC on the change in CD4+ positive cells in the stroma adjacent to tumor and within the malignant portion of the prostate biopsies.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on PD-L1 positive cells in the stroma adjacent to tumor and within the malignant portion of the prostate biopsies.

II. To assess the correlation between the change in CD8+ and the change in PSA. III. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on CD8+, CD4+, and PD-L1 positive cells in the benign portion of the prostate biopsies.

IV. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on the change in PSA. V. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on tumor grade (Gleason score). VI. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on tumor extent (percent of positive random biopsy cores).

VII. To compare the proportion of men on the two study arms with no cancer on post-intervention biopsy.

VIII. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on the size of the dominant lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (largest histopathologically confirmed lesion) in the subgroup of patients with MRIs pre and postintervention.

IX. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on circulating 15-Mer PSA-specific, MUC-1 and Brachyury-specific T cells.

X. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on soluble antibodies to tumor-associated antigens.

XI. To assess the immunologic effects of PROSTVAC in prostate tissue using multiplex immunofluorescence.

XII. To assess the safety and feasibility of PROSTVAC in the active surveillance population.

XIII. To assess the effect of PROSTVAC on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in the active surveillance population.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

ARM I: Patients receive rilimogene-galvacirepvec subcutaneously (SC) at baseline and on days 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140.

ARM II: Patients receive placebo SC at baseline and on days 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up for 30 days and then at 6 months.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 154
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90033
      • USC / Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90048
      • Cedars Sinai Medical Center
    • Newport Beach, California, United States, 92663
      • Hoag Memorial Hospital
    • Orange, California, United States, 92868
      • UC Irvine Health/Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
    • San Diego, California, United States, 92103
      • UC San Diego Medical Center - Hillcrest
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21224
      • Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center
    • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
      • NCI - Center for Cancer Research

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Biopsy-proven (consisting of >= 10 tissue cores) adenocarcinoma of the prostate with cancer present in at least one biopsy core, either random or targeted, in the most recent biopsy

  • All prior biopsies must meet the following: =< 50% of the total number of random biopsy cores positive for cancer
  • Gleason score =< (3+4)
• Clinical stage =< T2a by digital rectal exam (DRE)
• Biopsies performed at outside institutions should have Gleason score confirmed at the study site by a genitourinary (GU) pathologist to ensure eligibility
• Pre-intervention biopsy tissue (most proximal to enrollment) with sufficient tumor tissue to cut 5-10 unstained slides confirmed to be available upon request
• Screening serum PSA < 20 ng/mL; for men treated with 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride, dutasteride), PSA needs to be < 10 ng/mL
• Neutrophil count >= 1,200/mm^3 (>= 1.2 k/uL)
• Stable platelet count >= 75,000/mm^3 (>= 75 k/uL)
• Bilirubin =< 1.5 mg/dL (or =< 3.0 mg/dL for patients with Gilbert's syndrome)
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x ULN
• Karnofsky >= 70%
• Must agree to use medically acceptable barrier and/or chemical method of contraception while on study and for at least one month following the last vaccine injection; should a participant's partner become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while the participant is participating in this study, the study physician should be informed immediately; in the event a participant's partner becomes pregnant, the study sponsor may request additional information regarding the course of the pregnancy and if the pregnancy is carried to term, the birth of the child (i.e., the outcome of the pregnancy)
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
• No planned prostate biopsies during the intervention until after the post-intervention biopsy
• Men on stable doses of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are eligible as long as there is no planned dose change while on study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Have had prior treatment for prostate cancer by surgery, irradiation, local ablative (i.e., cryosurgery or high-intensity focused ultrasound), or androgen-deprivation therapy
• Patients who have prostate cancer with distant metastases
• Have undergone treatment of hormone therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy and/or radiation for any malignancies within the past 2 years
• Uncontrolled intermittent illnesses or medical conditions which, in the opinion of the treating physician, would make this protocol unreasonably hazardous for the patient; such illnesses/conditions may include, but are not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, symptomatic or unstable cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
• Positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or active infections for hepatitis B, and/or hepatitis C, based on medical history
• Prior solid organ or bone marrow transplant
• Immunodeficiency or splenectomy
• Chronic immunosuppressive therapy within 30 days of screening
• Inflammatory eye disease requiring steroid treatment within 28 days of screening
• Chronic administration (defined as daily or every other day for continued use > 14 days) of systemic corticosteroids within 28 days of the first planned dose of PROSTVAC-V/F; use of inhaled steroids, nasal sprays, and topical creams for small body areas is allowed
• History of or active autoimmune disease including but not limited to autoimmune neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture's syndrome; persons with vitiligo are not excluded; Persons with well-controlled autoimmune endocrinopathies, e.g., diabetes mellitus, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Addison's disease are not excluded; persons with well-controlled rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica are not excluded
• Known allergy to eggs, egg products

• Prior or concurrent eczema or other eczemoid skin disorders or active skin condition (acute, chronic, or exfoliative) that disrupts the epidermis; persons with psoriasis are not excluded except in cases of:

  • any active lesion
  • any active lesion in the previous 6 months that required treatment, either systemic or topical
  • any prior episode, at any time, extensive enough or severe enough as to require systemic treatment
• Previous adverse reactions to smallpox vaccination
• Unable to avoid close contact or household contact with the following high-risk individuals for three weeks after the day 1 vaccination or until the vaccination site heals completely: (a) children =< 3 years of age, (b) pregnant or nursing women, (c) individuals with prior or concurrent extensive eczema or other eczemoid skin disorders, (d) individuals with other acute, chronic, or exfoliative skin condition, or (e) immunocompromised or immunosuppressed persons (by disease or therapy)
• Participants may not be receiving any other investigational agents
• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition of PROSTVAC

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm I (rilimogene-galvacirepvec); Patients receive rilimogene-galvacirepvec SC at baseline and on days 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140.	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Biological: Rilimogene Galvacirepvec; Given SC; Other Names: PROSTVAC; Prostvac-V; Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)-TRICOM Vaccine; Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)/TRICOM; Recombinant Vaccinia-PSA(L155)/TRICOM Vaccine; rVaccinia-Prostate-Specific Antigen/TRICOM Vaccine; rVaccinia-PSA(L155)-TRICOM Vaccine
Placebo Comparator: Arm II (placebo); Patients receive placebo SC at baseline and on days 14, 28, 56, 84, 112, and 140.	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Other: Placebo Administration; Given SC

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in CD8+ Positive Cells in the Stroma Adjacent to Tumor and Within the Malignant Portion of the Prostate Biopsies	change (from pre to post-intervention) in CD8+ positive cells in the stroma adjacent to tumor and within the malignant portion of the prostate biopsies.	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in CD4+ Positive Cells in the Stroma Adjacent to Tumor and Within the Malignant Portion of the Prostate Biopsies	change (from pre to post-intervention) in CD4+ positive cells in the stroma adjacent to tumor and within the malignant portion of the prostate biopsies.	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in PD-L1 Positive Cells in the Stroma Adjacent to Tumor and Within the Malignant Portion of the Prostate Biopsies	Change (from pre to post-intervention) in PD-L1 positive cells in the stroma adjacent to tumor and within the malignant portion of the prostate biopsies	Baseline to 6 months post-intervention
Change in Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA)	Change (from baseline to 6 months post-intervention) in prostate-specific antigen (PSA)	Baseline to 6 months post-intervention
Change in CD8+ Positive Cells in the Benign Portion of the Prostate Biopsies	Change (from pre to post-intervention) in CD8+ positive cells in the benign portion of the prostate biopsies	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in CD4+ Positive Cells in the Benign Portion of the Prostate Biopsies	Change (from pre to post-intervention) in CD4+ positive cells in the benign portion of the prostate biopsies	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in PD-L1 Positive Cells in the Benign Portion of the Prostate Biopsies	Change (from pre to post-intervention) in PD-L1 positive cells in the benign portion of the prostate biopsies	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Tumor Grade Progression	Assessed by the proportion of men with an increase in Gleason score to >= 4+3 from baseline to post-intervention biopsy. The Gleason score is determined by adding the two most common grades. The Gleason score usually ranges from 6 to 10. Higher numbers indicate a faster growing cancer that is more likely to spread.	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in Tumor Extent	Assessed by change (from pre to post-intervention) in percent positive random cores	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Proportion of Men With no Cancer in the Post-intervention Biopsy	Assessed by the proportion of patients with no cancer on the post-intervention biopsy	Up to 14 days after the last dose
Size of Dominant MRI Lesion	The size of dominant MRI lesion.	Up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in Circulating 15-Mer PSA-specific T Cells	Change (from pre to post-intervention) in circulating 15-Mer PSA-specific T cells	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in Soluble Antibodies to Tumor-associated Antigens	Change (from pre to post-intervention) in soluble antibodies to tumor-associated antigens	Baseline to up to 14 days after the last dose
Immunologic Effects on the Target Organ Using Multiplex Immunofluorescence		Up to 14 days after the last dose
Change in International Prostate Symptom Score	Change (from baseline to 6 months post-intervention) in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). The IPSS score ranges from 0-35. Higher scores mean a worse symptom.	Baseline to up to 6 months post-intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: John K Parsons, The University of Arizona Medical Center-University Campus

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Parsons JK, Pinto PA, Pavlovich CP, Uchio E, Kim HL, Nguyen MN, Gulley JL, Jamieson C, Hsu P, Wojtowicz M, Parnes H, Schlom J, Dahut WL, Madan RA, Donahue RN, Chow HS. A Randomized, Double-blind, Phase II Trial of PSA-TRICOM (PROSTVAC) in Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer: The Immunotherapy to Prevent Progression on Active Surveillance Study. Eur Urol Focus. 2018 Sep;4(5):636-638. doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.08.016. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 3, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 30, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): July 20, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 24, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 24, 2014
• First Posted (Estimated): December 30, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 19, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 29, 2023
• Last Verified: June 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Carcinoma; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Prostatic Diseases; Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Genital Diseases, Male; Genital Diseases; Prostatic Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Anti-Infective Agents; Immunologic Factors; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Vaccines; Metronidazole
• Other Study ID Numbers: NCI-2014-02556 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program)); P30CA023074 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); AZ027; HHSN2612012000311; N01-CN-2012-00031; 1410547210 (Other Identifier: Banner University Medical Center - Tucson); UAZ2014-03-01 (Other Identifier: DCP); N01CN00031 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)