- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03550885
Diet Modulation of Bacterial Sulfur and Bile Acid Metabolism and Colon Cancer Risk
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Our research is designed to determine mechanistically why consumption of a high red meat and saturated fat diet imparts risk for CRC development and to demonstrate that primary microbial risk factors (sulfidogenic and bile acid metabolizing bacteria) are modifiable by diet. The focus is on taurine, an overlooked sulfur amino acid (SAA) that is abundant in red meat or provided by bacterial deconjugation of the bile salt TCA, which is increased in subjects consuming a diet high in saturated fat. Rationale for focusing the diet intervention study on AAs comes from the previously mentioned observation that a taurine respiring bacterium distinguished AA but not NHW CRC patients from healthy controls, and the previous work by PI Gaskins in AA subjects focused on mechanisms underlying the increased risk for CRC associated with consumption of a Western type diet.
Our strong collection of past publications and new preliminary data support our hypothesis that dietary sources of organic sulfur increase the abundance of microbes that generate H2S through taurine metabolism and that H2S activates proinflammatory pathways and serves as a genotoxin in the colonic mucosa. We're examining, for the first time bacteria that utilize taurine, which can be provided directly from red meat or indirectly through TCA in response to saturated fat. Our study will be the first to examine the consequences of such specific dietary manipulation on genotoxic or inflammatory pathways implicated in CRC development in at-risk AAs.
Our results will provide novel information regarding the in vivo interactions between diet and cancer that heretofore have not been explored in humans, particularly AAs. Food taurine content is not currently provided in either the University of Minnesota Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR) or the USDA Standard Reference (USDA SR) nutrient databases, which are the gold standard sources for the nutrient content of food. Evidence that taurine is capable of inducing biomarkers of CRC risk through promoting growth of Sulfidogenic B. wadsworthia or other untargeted bacteria would be an important novel observation justifying the addition of this SAA to these nutrient databases. If our hypothesis is substantiated, simple vigilance of taurine intake might diminish susceptibility to CRC in all individuals, especially AAs at elevated risk. Further, if our hypothesis is upheld, it might be possible to reduce risk not only by dietary intervention but also by microbiota modification (potentially through pre-, pro- or synbiotics). Finally, if our study reveals particular modes of bacterial sulfur or bile acid metabolism correlating with epithelial proliferation or inflammation in AAs, the endpoints identified can potentially predict non-invasively elevated risk individuals who should be: a) advised on specific dietary interventions (those investigated herein); b) offered specific therapy to reduce risk; or c) counseled on regular colonoscopic screening
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, PhD, MS, RD
- Phone Number: 312-355-5521
- Email: ltussing@uic.edu
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Ece Mutlu, MD, MS, MBA
- Phone Number: 312-563-3880
- Email: Ece_Mutlu@rush.edu
Study Locations
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Illinois
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Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
- Rush University Medical Center and University of Illinois at Chicago
-
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adult African American;
- Obese (defined as BMI 30 - < 50 kg/m2);
- Age between 45 - 75 years old;
- Patients with an increased risk for CRC, defined as 3 or more adenomatous polyps or adenomatous polyp > 1cm within 5-yrs of enrollment;
- An elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (defined as > 3 mg/l)
- Participants must be in good general health, not expecting major lifestyle changes in the next 6 months and willing to maintain their current activity level throughout the duration of the study.
- Women only: Post-menopausal (natural or surgical) defined as no menstruation in the past 6 months
Exclusion Criteria:
- BMI < 30 or > 50 kg/m2 (for those interested and eligible, verify BMI by measuring weight and height, complete the screening consent form before assessing these measures)
- Weight > 450 lbs. (max weight for the body composition scanner)
- Race other than African American
- Women only: at least one menstrual period in the past 6 months
- Current malignancy except non-melanoma skin cancer that has been removed
- Current gastrointestinal (GI) illness other than gastroesophageal reflux disease or hemorrhoids (such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorptive bariatric procedures, etc.)
- Chronic liver or kidney disease (elevated liver tests >3 times normal or creatinine above 2.0 mg/dl)
- History of cardiac disease (such as admission for congestive heart failure within the past 5 years, or being on anticoagulants for heart disease, or having an ejection fraction <25%, etc.)
- Positive genetic test for inherited polyposis syndromes (such as familial adenomatous polyps, hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndromes, etc)
- Alcoholism or illicit drug use
- Antibiotic use within the past 2 months
- Regularly taking medications that may interfere with normal digestion (such as acarbose, cholestyramine, Orlistat, aspirin doses that exceed 81mg/day or 325 mg every other day)
- Anticoagulant use or other factors that increase endoscopic risks
- Non-English speaking
- Pregnant or breast feeding
- Dietary supplement use including pre- or probiotics within the past month
- History of intestinal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, or malabsorptive bariatric surgery
- Inflammatory or connective tissue diseases (such as lupus, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.)
21. Prior perforation at colonoscopy or gastrointestinal bleeding due to biopsies of the colon 22. Therapeutic or vegetarian diet 23. Food allergy/aversions to any foods in included in the trial 24. Any medical condition, which, in the opinion of the investigator, could adversely affect the subject's participation in the trial, or affect the trial integrity
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Other
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: High taurine and saturated fat diet
This is a 3-week controlled isocaloric diet containing approximately 125 mg taurine, 40% of calories from fat, 15% of calories from saturated fat, 25% of calories from protein (4:1 animal to plant grams of protein), and 11.5 grams fiber/1000 calories.
|
This is a 3-week (21 day) isocaloric Western-type diet with all meals, snacks, beverages and condiments provided.
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Experimental: Low in taurine and saturated fat diet
This is a 3-week controlled isocaloric diet containing approximately 7 mg taurine, 36% of calories from fat, 8% of calories from saturated fat, 13% of calories from protein (3:1 plant to animal grams of protein), and 13.5 grams fiber/1000 calories.
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This is a 3-week (21 day) isocaloric largely plant-based diet with all meals, snacks, beverages and condiments provided.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in the mucosal abundance of bacterial genes associated with sulfur and bile acid metabolism
Time Frame: Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Mucosal abundance of bacterial genes associated with sulfur and bile acid metabolism will be measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction of 16S rRNA and functional genes with biopsy DNA.
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Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in bile acid metabolism
Time Frame: Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Bile salt hydrolase and bile acid 7a-dehydroxylating activities will be measured in stool samples
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Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Change in serum bile acids
Time Frame: Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Measurement of serum bile acids using electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry to indicate the extent of taurine-conjugation of bile acids, ratio of conjugated: unconjugated bile acids and levels of secondary bile acids absorbed from the gut
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Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Change in colonic mucosal inflammation
Time Frame: Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Gene expression of tumor-necrosis factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, and Cox-2
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Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Change in DNA damage
Time Frame: Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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By COMET fluorescence hybridization assay together with in situ staining for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), an oxidative DNA lesion, and the expression of its repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase (OGG1; ab91421), XRCC1 [33-2-5] ab1838), which coordinates the action of DNA ligase III, polymerase beta, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase in the BER pathway and the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease Ape1 (ab2717), a multifunctional protein that protects cells from oxidative stress via its DNA repair, redox, and transcription regulatory activities
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Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Change in colonocyte proliferation
Time Frame: Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Immunohistochemistry, Ki-67
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Baseline and post-diet (day 22) for each of the two 3-week diets
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Collaborators and Investigators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Ece Mutlu, MD, MS, MBA, Rush University Medical Center
- Principal Investigator: H. Rex Gaskins, PhD, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Principal Investigator: Jason Ridlon, PhD, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Principal Investigator: Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, PhD, MS, RD, University of Illinois at Chicago
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimated)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 2016-0495
- 1R01CA204808-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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