Scaling up Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) in Rural Idaho Schools (I-RIM)

October 24, 2023 updated by: Lindsey Turner, Boise State University

Scaling up Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) Framework in Rural Settings Through the Idaho Rural Implementation Model

This project will examine the scale-up of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Intervention Supports (SWPBIS), specifically focusing on rural schools in Idaho. The Idaho Rural Implementation Model (I-RIM) is an approach designed to improve SWPBIS implementation in rural schools, via strategies such as capacity-building, regional coordination, online learning modules, and technical assistance. The study uses a cluster randomized design to allocate 40 schools to one of two conditions: control and intervention. Schools in the control condition will receive basic SWPBIS training. Schools in the intervention condition will receive the basic SWPBIS training plus additional I-RIM supports. To assess SWPBIS implementation and outcomes, process and outcome measures will be collected. Outcomes will include school implementation observations, and teacher and staff implementation measures. Student-level outcomes will include behavior, perceived climate, and academic achievement as measured by the standardized state test. Student-level data include those that are part of standard data collection by schools (such as academic outcomes) and will be de-identified by school officials before sending to the researchers for analysis.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The long-term goal of this project is to support rural schools in implementing practices that can improve student safety and social-emotional outcomes, through the use of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Intervention Supports (SWPBIS). Rural schools experience challenges in implementing systems-changes, and the Idaho Rural Implementation Model (I-RIM) is an approach specifically designed to improve SWPBIS implementation in rural schools through strategies such as capacity-building, regional coordination, online learning modules, and technical assistance. These approaches are all designed to meet the unique challenges and strengths of schools in rural settings.

The study uses a cluster randomized design to allocate 40 schools to one of two conditions: control or intervention. Schools in the control condition will receive basic SWPBIS training. Schools in the intervention condition will receive the basic SWPBIS training plus additional I-RIM supports. This trial is designed to address several aims:

Aim 1: To test the impact of the I-RIM intervention on student-level outcomes, including behavioral outcomes, academic test scores, and perceived safety/climate.

Aim 2. To examine whether changes in student outcomes are mediated by school-level improvements in the speed and fidelity with which SWPBIS is implemented.

Aim 3. To identify school-level factors that are associated with SWPBIS implementation (moderators of intervention effectiveness).

At all schools, baseline data collection will begin in early 2019. The intervention will begin in the spring of 2019 with selected elements of the I-RIM intervention (regional meetings, and a coaching institute) for schools in the intervention condition. All schools will begin SWPBIS implementation in the 2019-20 school year, which will continue through the 2020-2021 school year. Data collection points will be identical for schools in both conditions. Primary student outcome measures include data that are already gathered by schools, including: behavioral outcomes including office disciplinary referrals, suspensions, and expulsions; academic test scores; and perceived climate.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

40

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Idaho
      • Boise, Idaho, United States, 83725-1700
        • Boise State University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

5 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • School is a public school in a rural location in the state of Idaho, serving students in any combination of grades Kindergarten through grade 12.
  • Staff work at a school participating in this trial.
  • Student attends a school participating in this trial.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Control
Schools in this condition will be provided a four-day training about Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, and bi-yearly feedback about progress monitoring and action planning.
Behavioral: Control
Schools in this condition will receive a four-day training session about SWPBIS.
Experimental: I-RIM Intervention
Schools in this condition will be provided the same basic training as the control condition, plus the elements of the Idaho Rural Implementation Model (I-RIM).
Behavioral: Idaho Rural Implementation Model
The Idaho Rural Implementation Model (I-RIM) includes several aspects to support implementation of schoolwide positive behavioral interventions and supports (SWPBIS). In the first year, schools will send a staff member to a coaching institute to build internal capacity. Schools will also receive technical assistance (on-site twice per year and virtual support as needed). Schools will also receive statewide professional learning opportunities, through one group meeting per year, and through access to an invitation-only professional learning community.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in fidelity of school implementation of positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS)
Time Frame: Change in school-level implementation score from baseline to 3-year followup
Change in fidelity of implementation from baseline (spring 2019) to followup (spring 2022) using the Schoolwide Evaluation Tool (SET; Horner et al 2004) to gather observational data about degree of fidelity of implementation on 0-100% scale where 100% is best possible outcome.
Change in school-level implementation score from baseline to 3-year followup
Change over time in student disciplinary outcomes
Time Frame: Change from baseline to following school year (Year 2); change from Year 2 to Year 3
Percentage of students receiving Office Disciplinary Referrals each school year
Change from baseline to following school year (Year 2); change from Year 2 to Year 3
Change in student academic outcomes
Time Frame: Change from baseline to following school year (Year 2); change from Year 2 to Year 3
Percentage of students scoring "Advanced" or "Proficient" on state standardized test (Idaho Standards Achievement Test) in English Language Arts and Mathematics
Change from baseline to following school year (Year 2); change from Year 2 to Year 3
Change in student perceptions of school climate
Time Frame: Change from baseline to 3-year followup.
Changes in overall scores on school climate surveys. The overall scale score is created by averaging all items, resulting in scores from 1 to 4 with higher overall scores indicating better climate.
Change from baseline to 3-year followup.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Boise State University

Collaborators

U.S. Department of Justice

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Lindsey Turner, PhD, Boise State University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • Horner RH, Todd AW, Lewis-Palmer T, Irvin LK, Sugai G, Boland JB. The School-Wide Evaluation Tool: A research instrument for assessing school-wide positive behavior support. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions 6(1):3-12, 2004.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2019

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 31, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

August 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 6, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 7, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

November 9, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

October 26, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 24, 2023

Last Verified

October 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2017-CK-BX-0021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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