Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Treating Patients With Liver Cancer

A Pilot Study to Assess Feasibility of Hypofractionation and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Awaiting Liver Transplantation

This trial studies how well stereotactic body radiation therapy works in treating patients with liver cancer. Stereotactic body radiation therapy uses special equipment to position a patient and deliver radiation to tumors with high precision. This method can kill tumor cells with fewer doses over a shorter period and cause less damage to normal tissue.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Other: Questionnaire Administration; Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. Assess the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with advanced liver cirrhosis as a feasible approach to providing localized disease control that adequately suffices liver transplant eligibility criteria.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVE:

I. Assess preliminary efficacy and toxicity in HCC patients with advanced cirrhosis following liver SBRT.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVE:

I. Assess qualify of life in HCC patients with advanced cirrhosis following liver SBRT.

OUTLINE:

Patients undergo SBRT on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 6 weeks, then every 3 months for up to 2 years.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 9
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Oregon
    • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239
      • OHSU Knight Cancer Institute

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
• Must be listed or recommended to be listed for orthotopic liver transplantation at the participating institution
• Have a Child-Pugh (CP) score >= B8
• Eastern Clinical Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2, or Karnofsky performance scale > 60
• Must have a life expectancy > 12 weeks
• Safe radiation treatment planning parameters that adhere to all organs at risk constraints per section 5.1 of the protocol. If normal organs at risk constraints (including at least 700cc of uninvolved liver) are unable to be met at the lowest dose modification (30 Gy in 5 fractions), the patient is deemed ineligible for SBRT and deemed a screen failure
• Except for prior radiotherapy or radioembolization, other prior therapies to previously treated lesions, are permitted
• People of childbearing potential must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 72 hours prior to receiving the first dose of SBRT. If the urine test is positive or cannot be confirmed as negative, a serum pregnancy test will be required

• Participants of childbearing potential are those who have not been surgically sterilized or have not been free from menses for > 1 year without an alternative medical cause

  • Note: Abstinence is acceptable if this is the preferred contraception for the participant
• No other prior invasive malignancy is allowed except for the following: adequately treated basal (or squamous cell) skin cancer, in situ breast or cervical cancer. Stage I or II invasive cancer treated with a curative intent without evidence of disease recurrence for at least five years

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants have any one of the following liver tumor characteristics:

  • Have > 5 liver tumors, or
  • Maximal diameter > 5 cm
• Complete obstruction of portal venous flow to the segment of liver that includes the target lesion
• Prior radiotherapy to the upper abdomen or radioembolization of the liver, or prior thermal ablation to the target lesion

• For fiducial marker placement:

  • Have a gold allergy
  • Any coagulopathy preventing safe fiducial placement
• Contraindication to both contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) (i.e. unable to undergo follow-up imaging or SBRT treatment planning)
• Participation in another concurrent treatment protocol
• Participant is pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the trial, starting with the screening visit through 120 days after the last dose of trial treatment
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness, including but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, interstitial lung disease, serious chronic gastrointestinal conditions associated with diarrhea, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirement, substantially increase risk of incurring adverse events (AEs) or compromise the ability of the patient to give written informed consent

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Treatment (SBRT); Patients undergo SBRT on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.	Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Ancillary studies; Other Names: Quality of Life Assessment; Other: Questionnaire Administration; Ancillary studies; Radiation: Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy; Undergo SBRT; Other Names: SBRT; SABR; Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Proportion of Participants Who Are Transplant Eligible 1 Year Following SBRT	"Transplant eligible" means transplanted within 1 year or having localized disease control that meets Milan criteria at 1-year post-SBRT. Reported with 95% exact confidence interval.	From first SBRT dose to time of disease progression, transplantation, or 1 year after last SBRT dose (Day 374), whichever occurs first

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Localized Control Rate	Local control is defined as the absence of progressive disease within or at the planning target volume (PTV) margin.	From first SBRT dose to time of disease progression, transplantation, death, or 2 years after last SBRT dose (Day 739), whichever occurs first
Incidence of Intrahepatic Progressive Disease	Intrahepatic progressive disease is defined as development of intrahepatic recurrent or new disease within any section of the liver, including the PTV.	From first SBRT dose to time of intrahepatic disease progression, transplantation, death, or 2 years after last SBRT dose (Day 739), whichever occurs first.
Incidence of Extrahepatic Progressive Disease	Extrahepatic progressive disease is defined as progressive disease outside of the liver.	From first dose of SBRT to time of extrahepatic disease progression, transplantation, death, or 2 years after last SBRT dose (Day 739), whichever occurs first.
Proportion of Participants That Proceed to Transplantation	Measured and reported with 95% confidence interval.	From first SBRT dose to time of disease progression, transplantation, death, or 2 years after last SBRT dose (Day 739), whichever occurs first.
Overall Survival	Reported with median survival and 95% confidence interval, if available.	From first SBRT dose to time of death or 2 years after last SBRT dose (Day 739), whichever occurs first.
Incidence of Non-classic Radiation-induced Liver Disease (RILD)	Non-classic RILD is defined as grade 4 aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase elevation, or an increase in Child-Pugh score of ≥ 2 within 1 week to 3 months after completing SBRT. Will be estimated along with an exact confidence interval.	From first SBRT dose to 3 months after last SBRT dose (Day 100)
Incidence of Liver Toxicity Within 1 Week to 3 Months After SBRT.	Liver toxicity is assessed per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version (v) 5.0. Will be estimated along with an exact confidence interval.	From 1 week (Day 16) to 3 months (Day 100) after completing SBRT

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Quality of Life (QoL) Scores for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)-C30 Questionnaire	Summary of QoL over time. No hypothesis testing is planned for QoL.	From screening to death or 2 years after last SBRT dose, whichever occurs first.
QoL Scores for Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) Questionnaire	Summary of QoL over time. No hypothesis testing is planned for QoL.	From screening to death or 2 years after last SBRT dose, whichever occurs first.
Proportion With Histopathologic Changes in Irradiated Tumor Sites Relative to Uninvolved Liver Tissue	Descriptive statistical analysis of the proportion of efficacy set participants with histopathologic changes in irradiated tumor sites (of explanted livers) relative to uninvolved liver tissue.	At transplantation

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: OHSU Knight Cancer Institute
• Collaborators: Oregon Health and Science University; Radiation Oncology Institute
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Nima Nabavizadeh, MD, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 7, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 11, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): January 11, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 18, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 18, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): January 23, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 17, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Digestive System Neoplasms; Digestive System Diseases; Liver Diseases; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Adenocarcinoma; Liver Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
• Other Study ID Numbers: STUDY00018810 (Other Identifier: OHSU Knight Cancer Institute); NCI-2018-02864 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program)); SOL-18142-L

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: Yes
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No