The Effect of Arsenic Trioxide on Eliminating HIV-1 Reservoir Combined With cART

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of arsenic trioxide combined with cART in eliminating latent HIV-1 reservoir, providing potential strategies for AIDS functional cure.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: HIV/AIDS
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Arsenic Trioxide

Detailed Description

Although combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) could control human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, the persistence of HIV-1 viral reservoir make it extremely difficult to achieving cure of AIDS. The shock and kill strategy has been extensively practiced. The latency reversing agents (LRAs) could reactivate latent HIV-1 and then the reactivated virus could be eradicated. However, no appropriate activator has been found nor manufactured. Our previous work found that the arsenic trioxide, clinically approved for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia,could efficiently reactivate latent provirus in CD4+T cells from HIV-1 patients and Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques, without significant systemic T cell activation and inflammatory responses. In this study, we are going to study the safety of and efficacy of arsenic trioxide combined with cART in 20 HIV-1 infected patients, by observing adverse events,HIV-1 reservoir, HIV-1 load, and some immune index.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 20
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Linghua Li, Doctor; Phone Number: 020-83710825; Email: llheliza@126.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Weiping Cai, Bachelor; Phone Number: 020-83710816; Email: gz8hcwp@126.com

Study Locations

• China
  • Guangdong
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510060
      • Recruiting
      • Guangzhou 8th People's Hospital
      • Contact: Linghua Li, PhD; Phone Number: 020-83710825; Email: llheliza@126.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years to 58 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. HIV infection confirmed
2. Receiving HAART more than 12 months.
3. HIV viral-load < 50 copies/ml and CD4+ cell count more than 350 cells/ul.
4. Without serious heart, lung, liver or kidney disease.
5. Participants know about the study and sign informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. With serious active HBV or HCV infection or opportunistic infections
2. With serious chronic disease such as diabetes, mental illness,et al
3. History of suffering from pancreatitis during HAART.
4. Pregnant or breast-fed.
5. With poor adherence.
6. Unable to complete the follow up.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arsenic trioxide combined with cART; Receiving intravenous arsenic trioxide, 0.16mg/kg/day, no more than 10 mg per-day , two to four weeks, combined with continuous cART after attaining plasma HIV-1 suppression (plasma HIV RNA <50 cp/ml) and CD4+ cell count more than 350 cells/ul over 1 year by cART, without active HCV or HBV infection or opportunistic infections.	Drug: Arsenic Trioxide; a arsenic class of mineral, clinically approved for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia; Other Names: Arsenic Trioxide Injectable Solution
No Intervention: Without arsenic trioxide therapy; Only receiving cART without arsenic Trioxide after attaining plasma HIV-1 suppression (plasma HIV RNA <50 cp/ml) and CD4+ cell count more than 350 cells/ul over 1 year by cART, without active HCV or HBV infection or opportunistic infections.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events of arsenic trioxide combined with cART	To observe the adverse events of arsenic trioxide combined with cART when treating with HIV-infected patients during the clinical trial	6 Months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
HIV-1 reservoir	To assay the HIV-1 viral load in the peripheral blood Mono-nuclear cells and plasma	6 Months

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
HIV-specific immunity	The number of HIV-specific CD4,CD8 and their activity after receiving arsenic trioxide	6 Months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Guangzhou 8th People's Hospital
• Collaborators: Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences
• Investigators: Study Chair: Weiping Cai, Bachelor, Guangzhou 8th People's Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizell SB, Ehler LA, Mican JA, Baseler M, Lloyd AL, Nowak MA, Fauci AS. Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Nov 25;94(24):13193-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.24.13193.
• Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, Carruth LM, Buck C, Chaisson RE, Quinn TC, Chadwick K, Margolick J, Brookmeyer R, Gallant J, Markowitz M, Ho DD, Richman DD, Siliciano RF. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science. 1997 Nov 14;278(5341):1295-300. doi: 10.1126/science.278.5341.1295.
• Wong JK, Hezareh M, Gunthard HF, Havlir DV, Ignacio CC, Spina CA, Richman DD. Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science. 1997 Nov 14;278(5341):1291-5. doi: 10.1126/science.278.5341.1291.
• Liu C, Ma X, Liu B, Chen C, Zhang H. HIV-1 functional cure: will the dream come true? BMC Med. 2015 Nov 20;13:284. doi: 10.1186/s12916-015-0517-y.
• Siliciano JD, Kajdas J, Finzi D, Quinn TC, Chadwick K, Margolick JB, Kovacs C, Gange SJ, Siliciano RF. Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T cells. Nat Med. 2003 Jun;9(6):727-8. doi: 10.1038/nm880. Epub 2003 May 18.
• Chun TW, Engel D, Berrey MM, Shea T, Corey L, Fauci AS. Early establishment of a pool of latently infected, resting CD4(+) T cells during primary HIV-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jul 21;95(15):8869-73. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.15.8869.
• Deng K, Pertea M, Rongvaux A, Wang L, Durand CM, Ghiaur G, Lai J, McHugh HL, Hao H, Zhang H, Margolick JB, Gurer C, Murphy AJ, Valenzuela DM, Yancopoulos GD, Deeks SG, Strowig T, Kumar P, Siliciano JD, Salzberg SL, Flavell RA, Shan L, Siliciano RF. Broad CTL response is required to clear latent HIV-1 due to dominance of escape mutations. Nature. 2015 Jan 15;517(7534):381-5. doi: 10.1038/nature14053. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
• McCoy LE, Weiss RA. Neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 induced by immunization. J Exp Med. 2013 Feb 11;210(2):209-23. doi: 10.1084/jem.20121827.
• Eriksson S, Graf EH, Dahl V, Strain MC, Yukl SA, Lysenko ES, Bosch RJ, Lai J, Chioma S, Emad F, Abdel-Mohsen M, Hoh R, Hecht F, Hunt P, Somsouk M, Wong J, Johnston R, Siliciano RF, Richman DD, O'Doherty U, Palmer S, Deeks SG, Siliciano JD. Comparative analysis of measures of viral reservoirs in HIV-1 eradication studies. PLoS Pathog. 2013 Feb;9(2):e1003174. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003174. Epub 2013 Feb 14.
• Hutter G, Nowak D, Mossner M, Ganepola S, Mussig A, Allers K, Schneider T, Hofmann J, Kucherer C, Blau O, Blau IW, Hofmann WK, Thiel E. Long-term control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32/Delta32 stem-cell transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2009 Feb 12;360(7):692-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802905.
• Leong YA, Atnerkar A, Yu D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Playing Hide-and-Seek: Understanding the TFH Cell Reservoir and Proposing Strategies to Overcome the Follicle Sanctuary. Front Immunol. 2017 May 31;8:622. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00622. eCollection 2017.
• Fellmann C, Gowen BG, Lin PC, Doudna JA, Corn JE. Cornerstones of CRISPR-Cas in drug discovery and therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2017 Feb;16(2):89-100. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2016.238. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
• Donahue DA, Wainberg MA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the establishment of HIV-1 latency. Retrovirology. 2013 Feb 1;10:11. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-10-11.
• Goulder PJ, Watkins DI. HIV and SIV CTL escape: implications for vaccine design. Nat Rev Immunol. 2004 Aug;4(8):630-40. doi: 10.1038/nri1417. No abstract available.
• Goonetilleke N, Liu MK, Salazar-Gonzalez JF, Ferrari G, Giorgi E, Ganusov VV, Keele BF, Learn GH, Turnbull EL, Salazar MG, Weinhold KJ, Moore S; CHAVI Clinical Core B, Letvin N, Haynes BF, Cohen MS, Hraber P, Bhattacharya T, Borrow P, Perelson AS, Hahn BH, Shaw GM, Korber BT, McMichael AJ. The first T cell response to transmitted/founder virus contributes to the control of acute viremia in HIV-1 infection. J Exp Med. 2009 Jun 8;206(6):1253-72. doi: 10.1084/jem.20090365. Epub 2009 Jun 1.
• Qiao L, Li Y, Xiong G, Liu X, He S, Tong X, Wu S, Hu H, Wang R, Hu H, Chen L, Zhang L, Wu J, Dai F, Lu C, Xiang Z. Effects of altered catecholamine metabolism on pigmentation and physical properties of sclerotized regions in the silkworm melanism mutant. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e42968. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042968. Epub 2012 Aug 24.
• Abaza Y, Kantarjian H, Garcia-Manero G, Estey E, Borthakur G, Jabbour E, Faderl S, O'Brien S, Wierda W, Pierce S, Brandt M, McCue D, Luthra R, Patel K, Kornblau S, Kadia T, Daver N, DiNardo C, Jain N, Verstovsek S, Ferrajoli A, Andreeff M, Konopleva M, Estrov Z, Foudray M, McCue D, Cortes J, Ravandi F. Long-term outcome of acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans-retinoic acid, arsenic trioxide, and gemtuzumab. Blood. 2017 Mar 9;129(10):1275-1283. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-736686. Epub 2016 Dec 21.
• Wang P, Qu X, Wang X, Liu L, Zhu X, Zeng H, Zhu H. As2O3 synergistically reactivate latent HIV-1 by induction of NF-kappaB. Antiviral Res. 2013 Dec;100(3):688-97. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.10.010.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 1, 2019
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): December 31, 2022
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 7, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 7, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): June 10, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 14, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 13, 2022
• Last Verified: September 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Arsenic Trioxide; functional cure; cART; HIV-1 reservoir
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Blood-Borne Infections; Communicable Diseases; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Lentivirus Infections; Retroviridae Infections; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Immune System Diseases; Slow Virus Diseases; HIV Infections; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Antineoplastic Agents; Arsenic Trioxide
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20170812V1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No