Halliwick Hydrotherapy and Snoezelen

Comparison of the Effect of Halliwick Hydrotherapy in Snoezelen Multisensory Environment and Snoezelen Intervention in Children With Autism

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Halliwick concept in the adapted Snoezelen multi-sensory environment, in the gross mobility of children belonging to the autism spectrum.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Sensory Disorder; Autism
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Hydrotherapy- Snoezelen; Other: Snoezelen

Detailed Description

The study involved 54 children, aged 4 to 8, all of whom belonged to the autism spectrum (ASD) and all had cognitive limitations. The duration of the intervention was 3 months by specialized pediatric physiotherapists and hydrotherapists certified by the program "PEDIATRIC SPECIALIZATION" and NDT- BOBATH. All children were assessed through the WOTA 1 and PEDI assessment tests.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 53
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Greece
  • Central Macedonia
    • Lamía, Central Macedonia, Greece, 35100
      • University of Thessaly

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 4 years to 8 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 4-8 years with autism
• All participants had the criterion of participation in the monitoring treatment program by the same therapist either in water or on land.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children with other neurological diseases were excluded.
• Children who had some scheduled surgery were also excluded intervention or injection of sausage toxin.
• Children who were absent from the treatment program were excluded either in water or on land for more than a week.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Halliwick Snoezelen Group; Hydrotherapy in a multi-sensory Snoezelen environment	Other: Hydrotherapy- Snoezelen; Multi sensory approach in water; Other: Snoezelen; Multu Sensory approach on land
Experimental: Land Snoezelen Group; Land multi-sensory Snoezelen environment	Other: Hydrotherapy- Snoezelen; Multi sensory approach in water; Other: Snoezelen; Multu Sensory approach on land

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Evaluation of Disability and Activity- PEDI	Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory assesses key functional capabilities and performance in children ages 6 months to 7 years. PEDI is also useful for older children whose functional abilities are lower than those of seven-year-olds without disabilities.	3 months
Adaptation and progression in pool- WOTA	Water Orientation test Alyn- Wota is an assessment scale to evaluate the progress of a patient in the water enviroment.	3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Thessaly

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• 1. Ager, A., & O'May, F. (2001). Issues in the definition and implementation of ''best practice'' for staff delivery of interventions for challenging behaviour. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 26, 243-256. 2. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Practice Parameters for the assessment and treatment of Children, Adolescents and Adults with Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders. 1999, 38(12) Supplement, 32S-54S. 3. American Psychiatric Association. Autism spectrum disorder. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, American Psychiatric Association, Arlington, VA 2013. p.50 4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,4th edition(DSM-IV).Washington, DC 1994: American Psychiatric Association. 5. Anderson GM, Hoshiono Y. Neurochemical studies of autism. In: Cohen DJ, Volkmar FR (eds) Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. New York: Wiley, 1997, pp. 325-343. 6. Ashby, M., Broxholme, S., Pitcaithly, D., & Lindsay, W. R. (1995). Snoezelen: Its effects on concentration and responsiveness in people with profound multiple handicaps. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 58, 303-307. 7. Atari, R. (2014). The Influence of Multi-Sensory Environment on Physiological Response in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Children with Special Health Care Needs. Marquette University. 8. Bailey A & Lord C. Autism Spectrum Disorder. In M. Rutter & E. Taylor (eds) Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 4th Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing 2002, pp. 636-663. 9. Bailey A, Le Couteur A, Gottesman I et al. Autism as a strongly genetic disorder: evidence from a British twin study. Psychological Medicine, 1995, 25: 63-77. 10. Bailey A, Palferman S, Heavey L, Le Couteur A. Autism: the phenotype in relatives. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1998, 28(5): 369-392.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 1, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 11, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 24, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): November 26, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 26, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 24, 2021
• Last Verified: November 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive; Disease; Autistic Disorder; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Sensation Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: 36469

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No