Determination of the Effects of Motor Imagery on Learning Infant Massage

Motor Imagery on Learning Infant Massage

Motor imagery is the mental rehearsal of simple or complex motor movements in which no clear body movement occurs. It can also be defined as the mental simulation of movement without revealing any real motor movement. Studies have shown that similar brain regions are activated during the performance of the movement and the imagery of the movement. According to the results obtained from advanced imaging techniques, it has been reported that activations occur in similar areas during motor imagery and physical performance, including brain areas such as premotor areas, parietal lobe, basal ganglia, anterior cingulate cortex, and cerebellum. When the literature is examined, it has been seen that motor imagery applications are used in many different areas. In 2021, the effect of motor imagery training on students' motor imagery levels and practice in the education of medical school students by Collet et al. was investigated. As a result of the training, it was reported that motor skills improved and it strengthened the learning of medical skills.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Students
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Motor Imagery Education

Detailed Description

Infantile colic was first defined in 1954 by Wessel et al. The incidence of infantile colic varies between 10-30%. There was no study showing the general colic frequency in Turkey, however, in a study conducted in the Eastern Anatolia Region in 2005, the incidence of infantile colic was reported as 51.1%. Although the causes of colic are not fully explained, food allergy or lactose intolerance, hypersensitivity, abnormal peristalsis or excessive gas, tension and stress in the family, swallowing air during bottle feeding or excessive crying, gastro-esophageal reflux, low birth weight, psychosocial It is thought that factors such as problems cause colic.

Thus, in physiotherapy education, there are many practical lectures. In the recent years, motor imagery has been used to teach exercises to the patients who need physiotherapy like stroke patients. Thus, it is considered that motor imagery can be used in the education and in the literature, there are papers which investigate the effects of motor imagery among the students of nursing and medicine. In conclusion, the aim is to see whether this method can be used as a new teaching method among physiotherapy students, thus this may bring the students more familiar for the use in their future clinical practices.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 24
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Cyprus
  • Güney Kampüs
    • Famagusta, Güney Kampüs, Cyprus, 99628
      • Eastern Mediterranean University
• Turkey
  • Famagusta
    • Mersin, Famagusta, Turkey, 99450
      • Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 25 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Individuals over the age of 18
• To be taking the Pediatric Rehabilitation course for the first time in the Fall semester of the academic year 2022-2023 at the Eastern Mediterranean University, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having serious vision and hearing problems,
• Having serious attention problems,
• Having a musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, or other disease severe enough to preclude participation in the study.
• Prior participation in any kind of motor imagery training

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control group; No motor imagery will be shown to these students. The same massage will only be shown as practically at class.
Experimental: Intervention Group; Within the scope of motor imagery training, a presentation will be made to the students of pediatric rehabilitation lecture in the intervention group about what motor imagery is. "PETTLEP" model will be used for imagery training. In this model, imagery training will be prepared in accordance with our purpose, taking into account the physical, environmental, time, task, learning, emotion and personal subheadings. In the training sessions, relaxation exercises will be given for 5 minutes first. After the relaxation exercises, special "colic massage" imagery training will be given to newborns for 10 minutes. The massage will also be shown as practically at class.	Other: Motor Imagery Education; Within the scope of motor imagery training, a presentation will be made to the students of pediatric rehabilitation lecture in the intervention group about what motor imagery is. "PETTLEP" model will be used for imagery training. In this model, imagery training will be prepared in accordance with our purpose, taking into account the physical, environmental, time, task, learning, emotion and personal subheadings. In the training sessions, relaxation exercises will be given for 5 minutes first. After the relaxation exercises, special "colic massage" imagery training will be given to newborns for 10 minutes. The massage will also be shown as practically at class.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Motion Imagery Questionnaire	The Motion Imagery Questionnaire-3 is an adaptation of the Motion Imagery Questionnaire. It consists of 3 subscales and a total of 12 items evaluating external visual imagery, internal visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery. Before starting the evaluation, the participants are given the necessary information about the survey. Each of the 12 tasks in the questionnaire is performed physically first, then the participant returns to the starting position and visualization is performed according to the desired imagery type. The scoring is between 1 and 7, with 1 point: very difficult to see/feel, 7 points: very easy to see/feel. While calculating the score, the internal visual imagery, external visual imagery and kinesthetic imagery scores are added separately and divided by 4 and averaged. Higher scores show better imagery ability.	change from baseline at two weeks study duration

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Chronometry for colic massage on baby doll	Individuals participating in the study are asked to perform colic massage actively on baby dolls. They are asked to record this time in seconds.	change from baseline at two weeks study duration
Mental Chronometry for colic massage	They are asked to visualize the colic massage using internal and then external perspective. The time visualised is recorded in seconds.	change from baseline at two weeks study duration
Proportion between real and mental chronometry	The proportion is taken between the real massage and imagined massage.	change from baseline at two weeks study duration
Qualitative effects	The students in the intervention group will be asked to reply five open ended questions about the effects of motor imagery on learning colic massage for infants. The Microsoft Teams will be used for voice record with the feature of "speech to test".	at two weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Eastern Mediterranean University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 10, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 20, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): March 15, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 11, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 20, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): January 31, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 17, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 16, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: physiotherapy and rehabilitation
• Other Study ID Numbers: ETK00-2022-0275

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No