- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05894902
Open-Label Dose-Ranging Study of Oral SM-001 in Healthy Adults
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
The Investigational New Drug SM-001 is formulated as a hot water decoction of two clonal cultivars of the Peruvian plants, Banisteriopsis caapi (BC) and Psychotria viridis (PV). It represents a modern formulation of an ancient Amazonian botanical medicine, "ayahuasca" ("vine of the soul") that is used by many native South American indigenous and mestizo groups for both religious and medicinal purposes.
This initial Phase 1 study is to be conducted as an open label, dose-ranging safety assessment of a single dose of SM-001 taken orally by healthy adult volunteers. Twelve adult men and women, ages 25-65 years, will be consecutively assigned to one of three dose levels, 4 subjects per group (2 M; 2 F). In the presence of the Clinical Investigator(s), each subject will receive a single dose of SM-001, administered at the Clinical Study Site as a liquid at one of three dose levels: 0.25, 0.5, or1.5 ml SM-001 per kg body weight. To assess systemic exposure to SM-001, plasma levels of the four biomarkers, dimethyltryptamine, harmine, tetrahydroharmine, and harmaline will be measured. Blood samples will be drawn at baseline, HR 0 (pre-Study Drug dose), and then at HR 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 post dose. Subjects will return to the Clinical Study Site at Study Day 28 for a final in-person assessment.
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Phase 1
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Leanna J Standish, ND PhD
- Phone Number: 2064201321
- Email: Lstandish@aimsinstitute.net
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Sunil K Aggarwal, MD PhD
- Phone Number: 2064201321
- Email: saggarwal@aimsinstitute.net
Study Locations
-
-
Washington
-
Seattle, Washington, United States, 98102
- AIMS Institute
-
Contact:
- Sunil K Aggarwal, MD, PhD
- Phone Number: 2064201321
- Email: saggarwal@aimsinstitute.net
-
Contact:
- Michelle Speaks, MBA
- Phone Number: 206-420-1321
- Email: mspeaks@aimsinstitute.net
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Sunil K Aggarwal, MD, PhD
-
Principal Investigator:
- Leanna J Standish, ND PhD
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy adults: men and women ages 25-65 years of age
- Previous experience with a psychedelic drug
- Vital Signs within normal limits for temperature (oral), respiratory rate, heart rate
- Normal blood pressure (for age) in the absence of antihypertensive drugs
- Normal complete blood count and differential, platelets, coagulation ((PT/PTT)
- Liver function tests ≤ 1.5X upper limits of normal
- Renal function (BUN, serum Creatinine) - within normal limits
- Able to understand and willing to comply with Study Protocol requirements.
- Willing to abstain from alcohol for at least 72 hours prior to and following Study Day 0
- No use of recreational drugs for at least 14 days prior to Study Day 0.
- Women who are not pregnant or lactating.
Exclusion Criteria (None can apply):
- Body Mass Index > 30 or < 20
- Systemic condition that includes, but is not limited to: hematological, immunological, hepatic, renal, cardiac, neurological conditions that is under current treatment or causes abnormal physical or laboratory parameters.
- History of seizures
- History of drug or alcohol abuse
- History of psychiatric disorder or history of significant trauma, as defined by DSM- V.
- Use of SSRIs, MAO inhibitors, or other psychoactive compounds either pharmaceutical drugs or botanical in origin (i.e., 5-HTP, St John's Wort)
- Any condition which, in the opinion of the Investigators, would preclude the use of the test article or the successful completion of the study.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Active Comparator: Open label Phase I safety & dose finding study: low dose group
4 study participants will receive a low oral dose (0.5 mL/Kg) of SM-001
|
The Investigational New Drug SM-001 is formulated as a hot water decoction of two proprietary clonal cultivars of the Peruvian plants, Banisteriopsis caapi (BC) and Psychotria viridis (PV).
Other Names:
|
Active Comparator: Open label Phase I safety & dose finding study: medium dose group
4 study participants will receive a medium oral dose (1.0 mL/Kg) of SM-001
|
The Investigational New Drug SM-001 is formulated as a hot water decoction of two proprietary clonal cultivars of the Peruvian plants, Banisteriopsis caapi (BC) and Psychotria viridis (PV).
Other Names:
|
Active Comparator: Open label Phase I safety & dose finding study: high dose group
4 study participants will receive a high oral dose (2.0 mL/Kg) of SM-001
|
The Investigational New Drug SM-001 is formulated as a hot water decoction of two proprietary clonal cultivars of the Peruvian plants, Banisteriopsis caapi (BC) and Psychotria viridis (PV).
Other Names:
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Primary Objective
Time Frame: 1-28 days
|
To evaluate safety and tolerability of SM-001 in healthy adults following a single oral dose, at one of three different dose levels. The Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events will be assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Percentage of participants with at least one safety event [Time Frame: Baseline up to Day 28 ] Safety will be evaluated by the monitoring of adverse events (AEs), vital signs, blood pressure, heart rate, pulse oximetry, electrocardiogram (ECG) evaluations, clinical laboratory assessments and physical examination findings. |
1-28 days
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Short-term psychological impact
Time Frame: 24 hours after single drug session
|
To assess short-term psychological impact of a single dose of SM-001 at three different dose levels in healthy adults by asking each study subject to complete a questionnaire called the Hallucinogenic Rating Scale 24 hours after the single experimental drug session.
This is an 85 item questionnaire with each item rated 0-4 with a maximum score of 340.
A higher score correlates with a more intense psychological experience.
|
24 hours after single drug session
|
Longer-term psychological impact
Time Frame: Day 7 after a single drug session
|
To assess longer-term psychological impact of a single dose of SM-001 at three different dose levels in healthy adults by asking each study subject to complete a questionnaire called the Persisting Effects Questionnaire 7 days following the single experimental drug session. The Persisting Effects Questionnaire includes 140 of the items that are rated on a 6-point scale (0=none, not at all; 1=so slight cannot decide; 2=slight; 3=moderate; 4=strong; 5=extreme, more than ever before in your life and stronger than 4). |
Day 7 after a single drug session
|
Bioavailability of SM-001
Time Frame: Day 1-2
|
To determine the blood, urine and feces levels of plant alkaloids including dimethyltryptamine, harmine, tetrahydroharmine and harmaline in ng/mL following a single oral dose of SM-001.
|
Day 1-2
|
Effects of a single dose of SM-001 on blood levels of brain derived nerve growth factor
Time Frame: Day 1-28
|
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor will be quantitated (ng/mL) is each study subject's blood on the day before and the day after the SM-001 drug session.
|
Day 1-28
|
Effects of a single dose of SM-001 on blood cortisol blood levels
Time Frame: Day 1 - 28
|
Cortisol levels in each study subject's blood will be measured (mg/mL)
|
Day 1 - 28
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Leanna J Standish, ND PhD, AIMS Institute
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Kiraga MK, Mason NL, Uthaug MV, van Oorsouw KIM, Toennes SW, Ramaekers JG, Kuypers KPC. Persisting Effects of Ayahuasca on Empathy, Creative Thinking, Decentering, Personality, and Well-Being. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 1;12:721537. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.721537. eCollection 2021.
- Griffiths R, Richards W, Johnson M, McCann U, Jesse R. Mystical-type experiences occasioned by psilocybin mediate the attribution of personal meaning and spiritual significance 14 months later. J Psychopharmacol. 2008 Aug;22(6):621-32. doi: 10.1177/0269881108094300. Epub 2008 Jul 1.
- Barrett FS, Johnson MW, Griffiths RR. Validation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in experimental sessions with psilocybin. J Psychopharmacol. 2015 Nov;29(11):1182-90. doi: 10.1177/0269881115609019. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
- Aarons DH, Rossi GV, Orzechowski RF. Cardiovascular actions of three harmala alkaloids: harmine, harmaline, and harmalol. J Pharm Sci. 1977 Sep;66(9):1244-8. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600660910.
- Brown CS, Bryant SG. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: safety and efficacy issues. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1988 Mar;22(3):232-5. doi: 10.1177/106002808802200311.
- Hamill J, Hallak J, Dursun SM, Baker G. Ayahuasca: Psychological and Physiologic Effects, Pharmacology and Potential Uses in Addiction and Mental Illness. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2019;17(2):108-128. doi: 10.2174/1570159X16666180125095902.
- Callaway JC, Raymon LP, Hearn WL, McKenna DJ, Grob CS, Brito GS, Mash DC. Quantitation of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala alkaloids in human plasma after oral dosing with ayahuasca. J Anal Toxicol. 1996 Oct;20(6):492-7. doi: 10.1093/jat/20.6.492.
- Da Prada M, Zurcher G, Wuthrich I, Haefely WE. On tyramine, food, beverages and the reversible MAO inhibitor moclobemide. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1988;26:31-56.
- dos Santos RG. Safety and side effects of ayahuasca in humans--an overview focusing on developmental toxicology. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2013 Jan-Mar;45(1):68-78. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2013.763564.
- Dos Santos RG, Grasa E, Valle M, Ballester MR, Bouso JC, Nomdedeu JF, Homs R, Barbanoj MJ, Riba J. Pharmacology of ayahuasca administered in two repeated doses. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012 Feb;219(4):1039-53. doi: 10.1007/s00213-011-2434-x. Epub 2011 Aug 13.
- Santos RG, Landeira-Fernandez J, Strassman RJ, Motta V, Cruz AP. Effects of ayahuasca on psychometric measures of anxiety, panic-like and hopelessness in Santo Daime members. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Jul 25;112(3):507-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.04.012. Epub 2007 Apr 25.
- Dominguez-Clave E, Soler J, Elices M, Pascual JC, Alvarez E, de la Fuente Revenga M, Friedlander P, Feilding A, Riba J. Ayahuasca: Pharmacology, neuroscience and therapeutic potential. Brain Res Bull. 2016 Sep;126(Pt 1):89-101. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.03.002. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
- Gable RS. Risk assessment of ritual use of oral dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and harmala alkaloids. Addiction. 2007 Jan;102(1):24-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01652.x.
- Gillin JC, Tinklenberg J, Stoff DM, Stillman R, Shortlidge JS, Wyatt RJ. 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine: behavioral and toxicological effects in animals. Biol Psychiatry. 1976 Jun;11(3):355-8. No abstract available.
- Grob CS, McKenna DJ, Callaway JC, Brito GS, Neves ES, Oberlaender G, Saide OL, Labigalini E, Tacla C, Miranda CT, Strassman RJ, Boone KB. Human psychopharmacology of hoasca, a plant hallucinogen used in ritual context in Brazil. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1996 Feb;184(2):86-94. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199602000-00004.
- Kamel SH, Ibrahim TM, Hamza SM. Effect of harmine and harmaline hydrochloride on pregnancy in white rats. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A. 1971 May;18(3):230-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1971.tb00573.x. No abstract available.
- Luna LE. The healing practices of a Peruvian shaman. J Ethnopharmacol. 1984 Jul;11(2):123-33. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(84)90035-7.
- Marwood JF, Huston V, Wall KT. Some cardiovascular effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors in unanaesthetized rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1985 Mar-Apr;12(2):161-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1985.tb02319.x.
- McCabe BJ. Dietary tyramine and other pressor amines in MAOI regimens: a review. J Am Diet Assoc. 1986 Aug;86(8):1059-64.
- McKenna DJ. Ayahuasca and human destiny. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2005 Jun;37(2):231-4. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2005.10399805.
- McKenna DJ, Towers GH, Abbott F. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in South American hallucinogenic plants: tryptamine and beta-carboline constituents of ayahuasca. J Ethnopharmacol. 1984 Apr;10(2):195-223. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(84)90003-5.
- Naranjo P. Hallucinogenic plant use and related indigenous belief systems in the Ecuadorian Amazon. J Ethnopharmacol. 1979 Apr;1(2):121-45. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(79)90003-5.
- O'Hearn E, Molliver ME. Degeneration of Purkinje cells in parasagittal zones of the cerebellar vermis after treatment with ibogaine or harmaline. Neuroscience. 1993 Jul;55(2):303-10. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(93)90500-f.
- Oliveira CD, Moreira CQ, de Sa LR, Spinosa Hde S, Yonamine M. Maternal and developmental toxicity of ayahuasca in Wistar rats. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2010 Jun;89(3):207-12. doi: 10.1002/bdrb.20244.
- Palhano-Fontes F, Andrade KC, Tofoli LF, Santos AC, Crippa JA, Hallak JE, Ribeiro S, de Araujo DB. The psychedelic state induced by ayahuasca modulates the activity and connectivity of the default mode network. PLoS One. 2015 Feb 18;10(2):e0118143. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118143. eCollection 2015.
- Pic-Taylor A, da Motta LG, de Morais JA, Junior WM, Santos Ade F, Campos LA, Mortari MR, von Zuben MV, Caldas ED. Behavioural and neurotoxic effects of ayahuasca infusion (Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis) in female Wistar rat. Behav Processes. 2015 Sep;118:102-10. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2015.05.004. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
- Pitol DL, Siessere S, Dos Santos RG, Rosa ML, Hallak JE, Scalize PH, Pereira BF, Iyomasa MM, Semprini M, Riba J, Regalo SC. Ayahuasca Alters Structural Parameters of the Rat Aorta. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2015 Jul;66(1):58-62. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000000243.
- Riba J, McIlhenny EH, Valle M, Bouso JC, Barker SA. Metabolism and disposition of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and harmala alkaloids after oral administration of ayahuasca. Drug Test Anal. 2012 Jul-Aug;4(7-8):610-6. doi: 10.1002/dta.1344. Epub 2012 Apr 19.
- Riba J, Rodriguez-Fornells A, Strassman RJ, Barbanoj MJ. Psychometric assessment of the Hallucinogen Rating Scale. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2001 May 1;62(3):215-23. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00175-7.
- Cameron LP, Benson CJ, Dunlap LE, Olson DE. Effects of N, N-Dimethyltryptamine on Rat Behaviors Relevant to Anxiety and Depression. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2018 Jul 18;9(7):1582-1590. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00134. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
- Sklerov J, Levine B, Moore KA, King T, Fowler D. A fatal intoxication following the ingestion of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine in an ayahuasca preparation. J Anal Toxicol. 2005 Nov-Dec;29(8):838-41. doi: 10.1093/jat/29.8.838.
- Strassman RJ, Qualls CR, Uhlenhuth EH, Kellner R. Dose-response study of N,N-dimethyltryptamine in humans. II. Subjective effects and preliminary results of a new rating scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994 Feb;51(2):98-108. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950020022002.
- Bilhimer MH, Schult RF, Higgs KV, Wiegand TJ, Gorodetsky RM, Acquisto NM. Acute Intoxication following Dimethyltryptamine Ingestion. Case Rep Emerg Med. 2018 Feb 27;2018:3452691. doi: 10.1155/2018/3452691. eCollection 2018.
- Wehner FC, Thiel PG, van Rensburg SJ. Mutagenicity of alkaloids in the Salmonella/microsome system. Mutat Res. 1979 Feb;66(2):187-90. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(79)90065-x. No abstract available.
- Wiltshire PE, Hawksworth DL, Edwards KJ. Light microscopy can reveal the consumption of a mixture of psychotropic plant and fungal material in suspicious death. J Forensic Leg Med. 2015 Aug;34:73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 Jun 4. Erratum In: J Forensic Leg Med. 2016 Feb;38:121.
- Yritia M, Riba J, Ortuno J, Ramirez A, Castillo A, Alfaro Y, de la Torre R, Barbanoj MJ. Determination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and beta-carboline alkaloids in human plasma following oral administration of Ayahuasca. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Nov 5;779(2):271-81. doi: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00397-5.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Estimated)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- SM-001
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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