Determinants of Insulin Sensitivity by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, BMI, and PCOS Diagnosis (DAISY)

April 27, 2026 updated by: Ali Chappell

Measuring Fasting Insulin and HOMA-IR by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, BMI, and PCOS Diagnosis

The study aims to investigate the relationship between fasting insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) across various demographic factors, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis. By analyzing these variables, the study seeks to identify potential variations in insulin levels, which could provide valuable insights into the impact of different factors on metabolic health and the development of insulin-related conditions.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Detailed Description

This study aims to investigate the significance of measuring fasting insulin and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in identifying metabolic health across various demographic and clinical factors. Specifically, the study will examine the influence of age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis on insulin levels and insulin resistance as essential indicators of metabolic dysfunction.

Metabolic health disorders, such as insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism, are known to be associated with an increased risk of developing conditions like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. Traditionally, glucose levels have been used to assess metabolic health; however, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR provide valuable insights into the underlying insulin dysregulation that precedes the onset of these conditions.

Disparities in insulin levels have been observed across different racial and ethnic groups. These variations may arise from genetic predispositions, differences in lifestyle, or a combination of both, thus highlighting the need to explore these factors comprehensively. BMI, a measure of body composition, has been strongly associated with elevated insulin levels and insulin resistance. Individuals with obesity often exhibit dysregulated insulin metabolism, leading to higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values. Furthermore, PCOS, a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-age women, is frequently associated with insulin resistance. Studying the insulin profiles among women with PCOS will shed light on the potential metabolic implications and help tailor interventions for this at-risk population.

The study will employ a cross-sectional design, enrolling a large sample of participants from diverse backgrounds. Fasting insulin levels will be measured using standardized laboratory methods, and HOMA-IR scores will be calculated based on fasting insulin and glucose values. Statistical analyses, including regression models and subgroup comparisons, will be conducted to assess the associations between fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and the demographic and clinical factors of interest.

This research aims to emphasize the importance of incorporating fasting insulin and HOMA-IR measurements alongside glucose assessments to enhance the identification and understanding of metabolic health disorders. The findings are expected to contribute to a more comprehensive approach in diagnosing, managing, and preventing metabolic diseases, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes and public health interventions.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

150

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study aims to investigate the levels of Fasting Insulin and HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) among individuals with varying characteristics, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI (Body Mass Index), and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) diagnosis. The study population consists of a diverse group of participants referred by healthcare providers and online platforms.

Description

Inclusion Criteria Age: Participants aged 18+ years Sex: Both males and females Race/Ethnicity: Participants from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds BMI: Participants across a range of body mass index (BMI) values PCOS Diagnosis: Participants with and without a confirmed diagnosis of PCOS based on established diagnostic criteria

Participants must have completed metabolic testing within one month prior to enrollment, including:

  • Fasting insulin
  • Hemoglobin A1c (A1c)
  • Complete lipid panel
  • Triglycerides Laboratory testing must be completed through a healthcare provider, an independent laboratory, or by using an Insara Insulin Testing Kit Laboratory values must be obtained following a minimum 8-hour fast Participants must have complete laboratory data for all required measures

Exclusion Criteria Age: Participants below 18 years Sex: None. Both males and females are included Race/Ethnicity: None. Participants from all racial and ethnic backgrounds are included Endocrine Disorders: Participants with other endocrine disorders affecting insulin levels (e.g., insulin-secreting tumors) Significant recent weight change: Loss of more than 5% of body weight within the previous month Pregnancy or breastfeeding Acute illness or infection within the past 2 weeks Use of medications known to significantly affect insulin or glucose metabolism will be recorded and accounted for in analysis

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Assessment of Fasting Insulin levels and HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) scores among different groups stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) diagnosis.
Time Frame: 3 years
The primary objective is to investigate the association between these measures and the specified demographic and clinical factors, providing insights into the variations and potential disparities in insulin resistance across different subgroups.
3 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Identify any significant interactions or relationships between the primary outcomes (Fasting Insulin and HOMA-IR) and the demographic and clinical factors, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and PCOS diagnosis.
Time Frame: 3 years
The secondary outcome measure will provide a comprehensive understanding of how various factors may influence insulin resistance and contribute to its heterogeneity in different populations.
3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ali Chappell

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Ali M Chappell, Insara

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 1, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

October 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 10, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 10, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

July 18, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 27, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2023-0060

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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