- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT06133062
Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab With Proton Radiotherapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (ProtonAB)
Investigation of Antitumor Immune Response in Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Proton Radiotherapy Combined With Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab
Atezolizumab (anti-programmed death-ligand 1; anti-PD-L1) in conjunction with bevacizumab (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor; anti-VEGF) has become the established standard first-line systemic treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite an improved objective response rate (ORR) of 27%, the majority of patients face HCC progression and liver failure [Finn et al., N Engl J Med 2020]. Developing a new combined treatment strategy to overcome resistance to anti-PD-L1 and anti-VEGF is essential to improve patient outcomes.
Radiation treatment (RT) is notably effective in managing localized solid tumors and is a fundamental component of unresectable HCC treatment. Recent retrospective cohorts have demonstrated that proton RT targeting all hepatic tumors, along with PD-L1/programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade, enhances ORR and progression-free survival for unresectable HCC patients, displaying a favorable safety profile (Su et al., Am J Cancer Res. 2022). Our preclinical study (Hsieh et al., Sci Immunol 2022) showcased that RT combined with PD-L1/PD-1 blockade stimulates immunogenic cell death and antigen cross-presentation in murine tumor models, promoting systemic antitumor T cell responses. Nonetheless, it is crucial to verify whether the combined therapy of proton RT, atezolizumab, and bevacizumab triggers synergistic antitumor effects and systemic immune activation in clinical trials for unresectable HCC. This phase II non-randomized trial aims to prospectively evaluate therapeutic efficacy, safety, and immunological responses in patients with unresectable HCC treated with atezolizumab/bevacizumab combined with proton radiotherapy.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Phase 2
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Rodney Cheng-En Hsieh, MD, PhD
- Phone Number: 7000 88633281200
- Email: rodney445@gmail.com
Study Locations
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-
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Taoyuan City, Taiwan, 333
- Recruiting
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou
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Contact:
- Rodney Cheng-En Hsieh, MD, PhD
- Phone Number: 7000 +88633281200
- Email: rodney445@gmail.com
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
Participants must have diagnosis of HCC that is deemed unsuitable for surgical resection or transplant. Participants may have multiple lesions with a total maximal tumor dimension of < 20 cm, and no one lesion > 15 cm. Diagnosis should be confirmed by at least 1 criterion listed below:
- Histologically or cytologically proven diagnosis of HCC.
- Typical arterial enhancement and delayed washout on multiphasic CT or MRI.
- Age ≥18 years at the time of signing informed consent document.
- ECOG performance status 0-1.
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages Intermediate (B) or Advanced (C).
- Child-Pugh score 5-6 liver function within 28 days of study registration.
- Documented virology status of hepatitis B virus (HBV), as confirmed by screening HBV serology test.
- Documented virology status of hepatitis C virus (HCV), as confirmed by screening HCV serology test.
- Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
Adequate bone marrow, liver, and renal function within 4 weeks before study registration
- Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,000/mm3
- Platelet count ≥ 50,000/μL
- Total bilirubin < 2.5 mg/dL
- Serum albumin >2.8 g/dL
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 × upper limit of normal (ULN)
- Prothrombin time ≤ 6 seconds prolonged
- Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior invasive malignancy unless disease free for a minimum of 2 years
- Prior radiotherapy to the region of the liver that would result in overlap of radiation therapy fields
- Prior selective internal radiotherapy/hepatic arterial yttrium therapy, at any time
- Untreated active hepatitis B or hepatitis C
- Moderate to severe or intractable ascites
- Presence of distant metastases that cannot be encompassed by proton radiotherapy
- Untreated or incomplete treated esophageal or gastric varices
Severe, active co-morbidity, defined as follows:
- Unstable angina and/or congestive heart failure requiring hospitalization within the last 6 months prior to registration
- Myocardial infarction within the last 6 months prior to study entry
- Acute bacterial or fungal infection requiring intravenous antibiotics within 28 days prior to study entry
- A bleeding episode within 6 months prior to study entry due to any cause.
- Thrombolytic therapy within 28 days prior to study entry.
- Known bleeding or clotting disorder.
- Uncontrolled psychotic disorder
- Pregnancy or women of childbearing potential and men who are sexually active and not willing/able to use medically acceptable forms of contraception
- Prior solid organ transplantation.
- Prior or active autoimmune disease (AID) including autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, Wegener granulomatosis, Sjogren's syndrome, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and multiple sclerosis.
- Prior or active thrombotic or bleeding disorders, hemoptysis, cerebral vascular accident, significant cardiac disease (ischemic or congestive heart failure), or gastrointestinal perforation.
- Inability to treat all sites of disease by proton radiotherapy (such as extrahepatic metastases or massive liver tumors whereby the liver constraints [ULV/SLV >40%] cannot be met for covering all sites of liver tumors using proton radiotherapy.)
- Known HIV infection.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: N/A
- Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Atezolizumab and bevacizumab with proton radiotherapy
Patients undergo Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab with proton radiotherapy.
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Atezolizumab 1200 mg will be administered as an IV infusion on Day 1 of each cycle, with cycles occurring every 3 weeks.
The initial dose will be delivered over 60 (± 15) minutes, and if well-tolerated, subsequent infusions may be given over 30 minutes.
For patients who achieve a complete response (CR) within one year of treatment, atezolizumab should be continuously used for a year.
For patients who experience a partial response (PR), atezolizumab should be continued until achieving CR or experiencing progressive disease (PD).
Patients with stable disease should receive atezolizumab for 6 months.
In the case of PD, atezolizumab should be discontinued at the time when PD is confirmed.
Bevacizumab 15 mg/kg will be administered as an IV infusion on Day 1 of each 3-week cycle.
The initial dose will be delivered over 90 minutes (±15 minutes), and if well-tolerated, subsequent infusions may be given over 60 minutes.
For patients who achieve a complete response (CR) within one year of treatment, bevacizumab should be continuously used for a year.
In the case of patients experiencing a partial response (PR), bevacizumab should be continued until achieving CR or experiencing progressive disease (PD).
Patients with stable disease should receive bevacizumab for 6 months.
In the event of PD, bevacizumab should be discontinued when PD is confirmed.
Temporary withholding or dose reduction of bevacizumab is permitted if patients experience adverse events such as bleeding episodes, severe hypertension, or proteinuria at the discretion of the treating physician.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Progression free survival (PFS)
Time Frame: 12 months
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PFS is defined as the time from signing the informed consent to the first occurrence of disease progression or death from any cause (whichever occurs first) according to RECIST1.1.
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12 months
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Incidence and severity of adverse events
Time Frame: 12 months
|
Adverse events will be graded using CTCAE v5
|
12 months
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Local control (LC)
Time Frame: 12 months
|
LC is defined as the time from signing the informed consent to the first occurrence of disease progression in the irradiated field according to RECIST1.1.
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12 months
|
Time to progression (TTP)
Time Frame: 12 months
|
TTP is defined as the time from signing the informed consent to the first occurrence of disease progression according to RECIST1.1.
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12 months
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Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Time Frame: 12 months
|
ORR is defined as a complete or partial response according to RECIST1.1.
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12 months
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Overall survival (OS)
Time Frame: 12 months
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OS is defined as the time from signing the informed consent to death from any cause.
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12 months
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimated)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Digestive System Diseases
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type
- Neoplasms
- Neoplasms by Site
- Adenocarcinoma
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial
- Digestive System Neoplasms
- Liver Diseases
- Liver Neoplasms
- Carcinoma
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors
- Angiogenesis Modulating Agents
- Growth Substances
- Growth Inhibitors
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
- Bevacizumab
- Atezolizumab
Other Study ID Numbers
- 202301234A3
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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