Enhancing Knowledge and Attitudes Through the 'Healthy Nutrition' Education Program

Increasing the Level of Knowledge and Reflecting on Attitudes With the "Healthy Nutrition" Training to the Individuals in the Nursing Home in Izmir Buca Social Life Campus

This study aims to assess the impact of a "Healthy Nutrition" education program on the knowledge and attitudes towards healthy eating among elderly individuals residing in a Social Life Campus. The study utilizes a Solomon four-group experimental design, involving participants divided into an experimental group and a control group. Participants were selected based on their ability to effectively participate in the education program, with no psychological or neurological illnesses

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Health Behavior; Nutrition, Healthy; Educational Activities
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Healthy Nutrition Education Program

Detailed Description

The study was conducted using an experimental method to examine the effect of healthy nutrition education on the nutritional awareness and attitudes of older adults residing in a social living home for the elderly (SLHO) within the Izmir Buca Social Life Campus. The study was conducted between 01 February 2023 and 01 June 2024.

The study was conducted among elderly residents aged 60 years and older, without psychiatric or neurological diseases. Participants were divided into experimental and control groups. The Solomon Four Group Design was utilized to compare the effects of the intervention, including pretest and posttest measurements to account for time-dependent changes.

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Izmir Democracy University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee, with the decision numbered 2023/02-13, dated 01/02/2023. All participants signed an informed consent form before the study commenced.

The "Healthy Nutrition" education program included two sessions lasting a total of 2 hours. The first session involved traditional presentation-based education, while the second session was an interactive question and answer session. Only the experimental group received this training.

Data collection involved:

Sociodemographic Data Form: Collected basic demographic information such as age, gender, and educational status.

Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS) and Healthy Nutrition Attitude Scale (HNAS): Used to measure participants' nutritional knowledge levels and attitudes. These scales were administered both before and after the educational intervention to assess the potential impact of the program.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 69
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Konak
    • İ̇zmi̇r, Konak, Turkey, 3505035
      • Izmir Democracy University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Must be a resident at İzmir Buca Social Life Campus.
• Must be willing to participate voluntarily.
• Must not have any psychological or neurological disorders (e.g., dementia, Alzheimer's disease) that would prevent participation in the training.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Non-voluntary participation: Individuals who are not willing to participate voluntarily.
• Presence of psychological or neurological disorders (e.g., dementia, Alzheimer's disease) that would prevent participation in the training.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Experimental Education-Pre and Post Test G1 and G2; Arm Title: Experimental Pre-education Group 1-2 Arm Type: Experimental Description: Participants receive a pre-test, followed by the educational intervention, and then a post-test. Intervention(s): Healthy Nutrition Education	Behavioral: Healthy Nutrition Education Program; The program consists of two sessions totaling 2 hours. The first session includes a traditional presentation on healthy nutrition, and the second session involves an interactive question and answer segment. The intervention aims to improve nutritional knowledge and attitudes towards healthy eating among elderly residents.
No Intervention: Control Group with only Pre and Post test G3 and G4; Arm Title: Control Group 1 Arm Type: No Intervention Description: Participants receive a pre-test and a post-test without any intervention.
Experimental: Experimental Education- Post Test G5; Arm Title: Experimental Group 2 Arm Type: Experimental Description: Participants receive the educational intervention followed by a post-test. Intervention(s): Healthy Nutrition Education	Behavioral: Healthy Nutrition Education Program; The program consists of two sessions totaling 2 hours. The first session includes a traditional presentation on healthy nutrition, and the second session involves an interactive question and answer segment. The intervention aims to improve nutritional knowledge and attitudes towards healthy eating among elderly residents.
No Intervention: Control Group with only Post test G6; Arm Title: Control Group 2 Arm Type: No Intervention Description: Participants receive only a post-test without any intervention.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Nutrition Knowledge	The change in nutrition knowledge levels before and after the intervention will be assessed using the Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS). Developed by Yılmaz et al. in 2021, the NKS evaluates adult nutrition knowledge across food and nutrient knowledge, food preparation and cooking methods, and the relationship between nutrition and health. The scale includes both positive and reverse-scored items, rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 126, with higher scores indicating greater nutrition knowledge. Specific cut-off points are as follows: <79 for low knowledge, 79-89 for medium, 90-100 for high, and >101 for very high knowledge levels. Ref: Öngün Yılmaz, H., et al. (2021). Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS): Development, factor structure, and validation for healthy adults. Progress in Nutrition, 23(3). Available at: Mattioli 1885 Journals.	Pre-test (baseline) and post-test (immediately after the intervention for experimental groups; same time points for control groups).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Healthy Nutrition Attitudes	The change in attitudes towards healthy nutrition before and after the intervention will be evaluated using the Healthy Nutrition Attitude Scale (HNAS). Measurement Tool: The Healthy Nutrition Attitude Scale (HNAS) was developed by Demir and Cicioğlu in 2019. It consists of 21 items categorized into four factors: Nutrition Knowledge (NK), Emotional Attitude towards Nutrition (EAN), Positive Nutrition (PN), and Poor Nutrition (PN). The scale is rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating a more favorable attitude toward healthy nutrition. Scoring: The possible score ranges are: 21 points: Very low attitude 23-42 points: Low attitude 43-63 points: Moderate attitude 64-84 points: High attitude 85-110 points: Ideal level of healthy nutrition attitude	Pre-test (baseline) and post-test (immediately after the intervention for experimental groups; same time points for control groups).

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Izmir Democracy University
• Investigators: Study Director: Aysel Baser, Izmir Democracy University

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN): Validity and Reliability Study
• Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS)

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 15, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 3, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): September 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 22, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 6, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): August 9, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 9, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 6, 2024
• Last Verified: August 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Healthy Nutrition; Solomon Four Group Experimental Design; Healthy Nutrition Attitude Scale,; Nutrition Knowledge Level,; Healthy Nutrition Education,; Geriatrics,
• Other Study ID Numbers: NutEdu1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: The individual participant data (IPD) that will be shared includes de-identified data on demographics, pre-test and post-test scores, and responses to the Nutrition Knowledge Scale (NKS) and Healthy Nutrition Attitude Scale (HNAS). Data will be shared upon request for research purposes and will be available from [12.2024] to [12.2029]. Researchers can request access by contacting the principal investigator at [aysel.akpinar@gmail.com].
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: The data will be available starting six months after the study results are published and will remain available for five years.
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Data will be shared with anyone who requests it via email. The reason for this access period is to allow sufficient time for secondary analyses, replication studies, and to contribute to the broader scientific community. Researchers who wish to access the data should send a request to the provided email address.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No