Effects of Music on Post-Cesarean Pain, Anxiety, Breastfeeding and Mother Infant Attachment Impact

Music on Post-cesarean

The physiological effects of music therapy include creating a behavioral change and changing the mood by reducing psychophysiological stress, pain, anxiety and isolation. Music has the ability to create deep relaxation. It is known to have relieving effects on insomnia. In addition, it has been reported that music therapy application before and during birth reduces labor pain and reduces postpartum anxiety and depression levels. The postpartum period, which begins with the birth of the newborn, covers the 6-8 week period that it takes for the changes that occur in the woman's body during pregnancy to return to its pre-pregnancy state. This period is an important transition period in which physical, social and emotional changes occur in mothers. In addition to rapid anatomical and physiological changes, mothers experience a difficult process in which the transition to motherhood is experienced, new roles and responsibilities are assumed, and relationships with their spouses and other family members are reorganized. Although a woman begins to feel the changes that having a baby creates in her daily life during pregnancy, she usually experiences the biggest change after the baby is born. The period when the first emotional bond between the newborn and her family is formed and a sense of trust develops is defined as mother-baby bonding. Many factors affect mother-baby bonding in the postpartum period, which is the most important time when the bond established between the expectant mother and the baby during pregnancy, referred to as prenatal bonding, is strengthened after birth. It is particularly affected by the mother's upbringing, as well as her experiences during pregnancy, birth, puerperium, and the baby's first months. Healthy and early interaction between mother and baby initiates a healthy bonding process.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Pain; Anxiety; Bonding; Cesarian Section
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Music intervention

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 70
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Nuran N Aypar Akbağ, PhD; Phone Number: +905459141440; Email: nnaypar@sinop.edu.tr

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being 18 years of age or older
• Being in the third trimester (up to 2 weeks before the planned cesarean delivery date)
• Being primigravida
• Having a single fetus
• Not having a hearing problem
• Voluntarily participating in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having any chronic disease
• Having a risky pregnancy condition (gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, etc.)
• Having a psychiatric medical diagnosis and using medication.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: control group
Experimental: music group	Other: Music intervention; Listening to Turkish Music

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)-pain	Pain Level by Visual Analog Scale The patient marks the pain he/she feels on a scale of 10 cm (100 mm), pain point 1 means "no pain", pain point 10 means "worst pain possible."	On the second day after C-section and the end of the 1st week postpartum, change from first pain level an average of 20 minutes.
Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS)	Anxiety Level by Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS). The VAS-anxiety is a 10 cm line used to measure perceived anxiety intensity, with endpoints labeled "No Anxiety" and "Worst Anxiety Imaginable." It meansthat those who score 73 and below on the scale have lowpostpartum anxiety levels, and those who score 101 andabove have a high level of anxiety.	On the second day after C-section and the end of the 1st week postpartum, change from first pain level an average of 30 minutes.
Mother and Newborn Information Form I and I	It will be evaluated with the Mother and Newborn Information Form I and II created by the researchers. Breastfeeding information will be assessed with this form.	On the second day after C-section and end of the 1st postpartum week
Mother Infant Attachment	It will be evaluated with the Mother-Infant Attachment Scale. The total score ranges from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating lower mother-infant attachment.	On the second day after C-section and end of the 1st postpartum week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sinop University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): April 23, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 30, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 17, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): February 20, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 28, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 22, 2026
• Last Verified: February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neurologic Manifestations; Mental Disorders; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms; Pain; Anxiety Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2024/301

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: Sharing is not considered appropriate until the article has completed its journal process and is published.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No