Cryoablation Combined With Lenvatinib Plus Tislelizumab Compared With FOLFOX in Patients With Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (CASTLE-ZS-01)

Cryoablation Combined With Lenvatinib Plus Tislelizumab Compared With FOLFOX in Patients With Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (CASTLE-ZS-01): a Multicenter, Randomized, Phase 2 Study

This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryoablation combined with lenvatinib plus Tislelizumab compared with FOLFOX in patients with advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) who have progressed after first-line treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Tislelizumab; Drug: Lenvatinib; Procedure: cryoablation; Drug: FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil, Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin)

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 92
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Peng Wang, MD; Phone Number: 86-21-64041990; Email: peng_wang@fudan.edu.cn

Study Locations

• China
  • Shanghai
    • Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 200032
      • Recruiting
      • Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
      • Contact: Peng Wang; Phone Number: +86021-64041990; Email: peng_wang@fudan.edu.cn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Written informed consent obtained.
• Age ≥ 18 years at time of study entry.
• Participants must have unresectable or metastatic histologically or cytologically confirmed intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
• Participants must have failed 1 line of systemic regimens for advanced cholangiocarcinoma due to disease progression or toxicity.
• At least one measurable site of disease as defined by RECIST criteria with spiral CT scan or MRI.
• Performance status (PS) ≤ 2 (ECOG scale).
• Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks.
• Adequate blood count, liver-enzymes, and renal function: absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/L, platelets ≥75 x103/L; Total bilirubin ≤ 3x upper normal limit; Aspartate Aminotransferase (SGOT), Alanine aminotransferase (SGPT) ≤ 5 x upper normal limit (ULN); International normalized ratio (INR) ≤1.25; Albumin ≥ 31 g/dL; Serum Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x institutional ULN or creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 30 mL/min (if using the Cockcroft-Gault formula )
• Female patients with reproductive potential must have a negative urine or serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to start of trial.
• Subject is willing and able to comply with the protocol for the duration of the study including undergoing treatment, adherence to contraceptive measures, scheduled visits and examinations including follow up.

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of cardiac disease, including clinically significant gastrointestinal bleeding within 4 weeks prior to start of study treatment
• Thrombotic or embolic events such as cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attacks), deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism within the 6 months Prior to the first dose of study drug with the exception of thrombosis of a segmental portal vein.
• Prior treatment with cryoablation.
• Prior treatment with Lenvatinib or other targeted therapy.
• RFA and resection administered less than 4 weeks prior to study treatment start.
• Radiotherapy administered less than 4 weeks prior to study treatment start.
• Major surgery within 4 weeks of starting the study treatment OR subjects who have not recovered from effects of major surgery.
• Patients with second primary cancer, except adequately treated basal skin cancer or carcinoma in-situ of the cervix.
• Immunocompromised patients, e.g. patients who are known to be serologically positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• Participation in another clinical study with an investigational product during the last 30 days before inclusion or 7 half-lifes of previously used trial medication, whichever is longer.
• Any condition or comorbidity that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluation of study Treatment or interpretation of patient safety or study results, including but not limited to: a) history of interstitial lung disease b) Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfection (i.e double infection) c) known acute or chronic pancreatitis d) active tuberculosis e) any other active infection (viral, fungal or bacterial) requiring systemic therapy f) history of allogeneic tissue/solid organ transplant g) diagnosis of immunodeficiency or patient is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of treatment. h) Has an active autoimmune disease requiring systemic treatment within the past 3 months or a documented history of clinically severe autoimmune disease, or a syndrome that requires systemic steroids or immunosuppressive agents. Exceptions: Subjects with vitiligo, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus type I or resolved childhood asthma/atopy are an exception to this rule. Subjects that require intermittent use of bronchodilators or local steroid injections would not be excluded from the study. Subjects with Hashimoto thyroiditis, hypothyroidism stable on hormone replacement or psoriasis not requiring treatment are not excluded from the study. i) Live vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of treatment or during study treatment. j) History or clinical evidence of Central Nervous System (CNS) metastases Exceptions are: Subjects who have completed local therapy and who meet both of the following criteria: I. are asymptomatic and II. have no requirement for steroids 6 weeks prior to start of treatment. Screening with CNS imaging (CT or MRI) is required only if clinically indicated or if the subject has a history of CNS
• Medication that is known to interfere with any of the agents applied in the trial.
• Any other efficacious cancer treatment except protocol specified treatment at study start.
• Patient has received any other investigational product within 28 days of study entry.
• Prior therapy with an anti-CD137 (4-1BB ligand, a member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor (TNFR) family), or anti-Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (anti-CTLA-4) antibody (including ipilimumab or any other antibody or drug specifically targeting T-cell co-stimulation or checkpoint pathways).
• Female subjects who are pregnant, breast-feeding or male/female patients of reproductive potential who are not employing an effective method of birth control (failure rate of less than 1% per year). [Acceptable methods of contraception are: implants, injectable contraceptives, combined oral contraceptives, intrauterine pessars (only hormonal devices), sexual abstinence or vasectomy of the partner]. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test (serum β-HCG) at screening.
• Patient with any significant history of non-compliance to medical regimens or with inability to grant reliable informed consent.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: FOLFOX	Drug: FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil, Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin); FOLFOX chemotherapy was administered intravenously every 2 weeks for a maximum of 12 cycles (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m², leucovorin, 400 mg/m2, fluorouracil 400 mg/m² [bolus], and fluorouracil 2400 mg/m² as a 46-h continuous intravenous infusion
Experimental: Cryoablation+lenvatinib+tislelizumab; Cryoablation combined with lenvatinib plus Tislelizumab	Drug: Tislelizumab; Tislelizumab will be administered by IV, 200 mg on day 1 of each 21 day cycle.; Drug: Lenvatinib; Lenvatinib will be administered (bodyweight ≥ 60 kg, 12 mg; < 60 kg, 8 mg) orally daily; Procedure: cryoablation; Cryoablation will be performed with a two-cycle freeze-thaw phase protocol; US or non-contrast CT images will be obtained to visualize the evolving ablation zone. Lenvatinib plus Tislelizumab will be administered 1-3 days after cryoablation.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall survival (OS) evaluated by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1	OS is defined as the time from study treatment to the date of death of the subject, regardless of the cause of death.	max 42 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Objective Response Rate (ORR) evaluated by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1	ORR is defined as the percentage of participants who have a confirmed complete response (CR: disappearance of all target lesions) or partial response (PR: at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum of diameters). Responses are according to RECIST 1.1 as assessed by investigator.	max 24 months
Duration of Response (DOR) evaluated by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1	DOR is defined as the time from first documented complete or partial response until disease progression, death from any cause, or censoring at date of last tumor assessment.	max 24 months
Disease control rate (DCR) evaluated by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1	DCR is defined as the proportion of patients with complete response (CR), partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD).	max 24 months
Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0	An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. The percentage of participants who experience at least one AE will be reported.	max 42 months
Translational study	Proportion of different immune cell types in tumors based on single-cell RNA sequencing between two groups.	max 42 months
Time to Response (TTR) evaluated by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1	TTR is defined as the time from the start of treatment until the first objective observation of a response (either partial response, PR, or complete response, CR), provided that the response is subsequently confirmed.	max 24 months
Progression Free Survival (PFS) evaluated by the investigator per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1	PFS is defined as the time from study treatment to disease progression or all-cause death as assessed by the investigator (whichever occurs first).	max 24 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Fudan University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 18, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): March 15, 2027
• Study Completion (Estimated): March 15, 2028

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 25, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 2, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): March 6, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 6, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 4, 2025
• Last Verified: April 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma; Cholangiocarcinoma; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Micronutrients; Protective Agents; Antidotes; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins; Oxaliplatin; Tislelizumab; Fluorouracil; Leucovorin; Lenvatinib
• Other Study ID Numbers: CASTLE-ZS-01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No