The Effect of Joint Range of Motion and Benson Relaxation Exercises on Dialysis Adequacy, Treatment Adherence, and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients

February 8, 2026 updated by: Volkan Kina, Ardahan University
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of range of motion and Benson relaxation exercises applied to patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment on dialysis adequacy, treatment adherence, and quality of life.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to determine the effects of range of motion and Benson relaxation exercises on dialysis adequacy, treatment adherence, and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The patients in the study will be divided into three groups. One group will perform range of motion exercises, another group will perform Benson relaxation exercises, and the third group will receive no intervention and will be assigned as the control group. The study will be conducted three times a week for eight weeks. A pre-test will be administered before the start of the study. Further tests will be conducted at the end of weeks 4 and 8. The final test results will be collected at the end of week 10.

Research hypotheses:

H1: Range of motion exercises performed on hemodialysis patients during dialysis affect their dialysis parameters.

H2: Range of motion exercises performed on hemodialysis patients during dialysis affect their dialysis adequacy.

H3: Range of motion exercises performed on hemodialysis patients during dialysis affect their quality of life.

H4: Benson relaxation exercises performed on hemodialysis patients during dialysis affect their dialysis parameters.

H5: Benson relaxation exercises performed on hemodialysis patients during dialysis affect their dialysis adequacy.

H6: Benson relaxation exercises performed on hemodialysis patients during dialysis affect their quality of life.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

72

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being 18 years of age or older
  • Receiving HD treatment for at least 1 year
  • Receiving HD treatment 3 days a week for 4 hours
  • Being able to speak Turkish
  • Volunteering to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with chronic diseases affecting breathing (advanced COPD, cancer)
  • Patients with hearing or speech problems
  • Patients with a diagnosed psychiatric condition
  • Patients with conditions that impede movement, such as burns, open wounds, edema, thrombophlebitis, limited mobility, fistulas, or previous surgical operations in the extremities

Exclusion Criteria from the Study:

  • Patients whose HD center changed during the study
  • Patients who did not wish to continue with the study
  • Patients who received a diagnosis of neurological or psychiatric illness during the study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Range of Motion Intervention (ROMI)
The study will be followed for 8 weeks for each patient. Since patients receive hemodialysis treatment 3 times a week, each patient will receive 24 sessions. The most frequent time interval for acute complications during hemodialysis is generally the first 1-2 hours of dialysis. Therefore, patients in the intervention group will start Range of Motion Exercises in the second hour of dialysis.
Other: Range of Motion Intervention (ROMI)

Procedure Steps:

  • The patient is evaluated for factors that may affect the procedure (restricted movement, presence of fistula, history of surgery, etc.). • The patient is placed in the supine position. • Movements are performed from head to toe. • Each movement is repeated 3-5 times. • With the patient's head and chin supported, the following movements are performed sequentially: flexion, extension, hyperextension, right lateral flexion, left lateral flexion, right rotation, and left rotation of the head.
  • The patient's shoulder is supported. Without bending the elbow, the following movements are performed sequentially: flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, internal and external rotation. The same movements are performed sequentially for the forearm, wrist, and fingers.
  • All movements are performed sequentially for the other arm, hip, and both legs.
Active Comparator: Benson Relaxation Exercise Intervention (BREI)
The study will be implemented and each patient will be monitored for 8 weeks. Since patients receive hemodialysis treatment 3 times a week, each patient will receive 24 sessions. The most frequent time interval for acute complications during hemodialysis is generally the first 1-2 hours of dialysis. Therefore, Benson Relaxation Exercises will be started in the second hour of dialysis for patients included in the intervention group.
Other: Benson Relaxation Exercise Intervention (BREI)

Procedure Steps:

  • The patient is asked to choose a word that is important to them and that they can focus their attention on (health, well-being, love, affection, God, etc.), a prayer, or a short sentence.
  • They are asked to close their eyes in a calm environment and in a comfortable position.
  • They are asked to slowly relax their muscles from foot to head (foot, calf, thigh, abdomen, chest, shoulder, neck, and head). • They are asked to breathe in through their nose and repeat the chosen word as they exhale.
  • They are asked to continue the procedure for 10-20 minutes. They are informed that they can open their eyes occasionally to monitor the time, but they should not set an alarm. • After the procedure is complete, they are asked to wait a few minutes with their eyes closed. Then, they are asked to wait a few minutes with their eyes open. • The patient is informed that they should not worry about whether they performed the procedure correctly.
No Intervention: Control Group (CG)
The control group will not receive any intervention. Patients will continue their routine hemodialysis treatments.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
SEVEN-POINT SUBJECTIVE GLOBAL ASSESSMENT (SGD-7P)
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
It can be used to determine dialysis adequacy. The SGD-7P scale will be used to assess the nutritional status of patients. The SGD-7P was developed by Detsky et al. in 1984. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Eminsoy et al. in 2019. The scale has five evaluation criteria for medical history and three evaluation criteria for physical characteristics. For each evaluation criterion, an option is selected on a scale of 1-7 points. As a result of the average of the obtained scores, it is classified as 6-7 points (well-nourished), 3-5 points (mild-moderate malnutrition), and 1-2 points (severe malnutrition).
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
END-STAGE RENAL FAILURE - COMPLIANCE SCALE
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
The scale was developed by Kim and Evangelista (2010). The Turkish adaptation, validity, and reliability of the scale were carried out by Ok and Kutlu (2017). The SDBYUÖ consists of 4 subscales: hemodialysis participation, medication adherence, fluid adherence, and diet adherence. Hemodialysis participation is the sum of the scores of items 1, 3, and 5; medication adherence is the score of item 6; fluid adherence is the score of item 8; and diet adherence is the score of item 9. The total score of the scale ranges from 0 to 1200. A higher score indicates higher treatment adherence.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
Kidney Disease Patients Quality of Life Scale (KDQOL-36)
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks
The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale, developed by Hayy et al. in 1994, was conducted by Yıldırım et al. in 2007. The scale consists of two scales: the SF-12 form, comprising a summary of the physical component and a summary of the mental component. It comprises a total of 4 sections and 36 items covering the burden of kidney disease, symptoms of kidney disease, and effects of kidney disease. There is no total score; each dimension is scored between 0 and 100. A score closer to 100 indicates a high quality of life, while a score closer to 0 indicates a low quality of life.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ardahan University

Investigators

  • Study Director: Zümrüt Akgün Şahin, Associate Professor Dr., Kafkas Üniversity

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

March 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 16, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 8, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 8, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 13, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 8, 2026

Last Verified

December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • AU-PMYO-VK-01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

I plan to share the findings of this research in the form of a research paper.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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