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Self-Directed Learning for Pulmonary Ultrasound Education

29. června 2026 aktualizováno: Samuel Agostino, University of Turin, Italy

"Scaling Up Ultrasound Education Without Scaling Up Tutors: A Randomized Controlled Equivalence Trial of Self-Directed Learning for Pulmonary Pathology Recognition"

This study compared two ways of teaching medical students how to recognize lung conditions using ultrasound images.

All participants were third-year medical students taking part in a structured ultrasound training session at the University of Turin. Students were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group learned lung ultrasound pathology recognition with direct guidance from a tutor. The other group used a self-directed digital learning tool called MEDQUIZ, which allowed students to review clinical cases and ultrasound videos independently.

The main goal of the study was to determine whether self-directed learning was equivalent to tutor-guided instruction for recognizing pulmonary ultrasound findings. Students completed ultrasound image-based assessments before and after the training. The assessments evaluated their ability to recognize anatomical structures, distinguish normal from abnormal findings, and identify specific lung conditions such as pneumonia, pleural effusion, interstitial syndrome, and pneumothorax.

The study also evaluated student satisfaction with the learning experience.

Přehled studie

Postavení

Dokončeno

Podmínky

Intervence / Léčba

Detailní popis

This was a single-center, randomized, controlled equivalence trial conducted at the SimTO Advanced Medical Simulation Center, University of Turin, Italy. The study included third-year medical students enrolled in the curricular "Approach to Ultrasound" internship.

Before the in-person training session, all students completed online instructional materials on thoracic and abdominal ultrasound. During the internship, students participated in a structured two-hour ultrasound training session composed of four 30-minute stations. The stations included hands-on scanning of healthy volunteers and case-based pathology recognition activities.

At the thoracic pathology station, students were randomly assigned to either tutor-guided learning or self-directed learning. In the tutor-guided group, students worked through pulmonary ultrasound cases with direct supervision, clinical reasoning guidance, and feedback from a tutor. In the self-directed learning group, students used MEDQUIZ, a purpose-built digital learning tool that presented clinical cases, patient information, and lung ultrasound video clips in an interactive format.

The primary outcomes were based on pre-training and post-training assessments using ultrasound video cases. Students were assessed on three levels of competency: recognition of the anatomical structure shown in the ultrasound clip, classification of the finding as physiological or pathological, and identification of the specific pulmonary condition when a pathological finding was present. An overall case resolution score was also calculated.

Secondary outcomes included student satisfaction with the simulation-based learning experience, assessed at the end of the internship.

Typ studie

Intervenční

Zápis (Aktuální)

385

Fáze

  • Nelze použít

Kontakty a umístění

Tato část poskytuje kontaktní údaje pro ty, kteří studii provádějí, a informace o tom, kde se tato studie provádí.

Studijní místa

  • Itálie
    • Italy
      • Turin, Italy, Itálie, 10126
        • Advanced Medical Simulation Center- SimTO, School of Medicine, Turin, Italy

Kritéria účasti

Výzkumníci hledají lidi, kteří odpovídají určitému popisu, kterému se říká kritéria způsobilosti. Některé příklady těchto kritérií jsou celkový zdravotní stav osoby nebo předchozí léčba.

Kritéria způsobilosti

Věk způsobilý ke studiu

  • Dítě
  • Dospělý
  • Starší dospělý

Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky

Ano

Popis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Third-year medical students enrolled in the "Approach to Ultrasound" curricular internship at the University of Turin
  • Limited or no prior ultrasound experience
  • No previous formal specialized ultrasound training
  • Provision of informed consent for data collection

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Inability to attend the complete ultrasound training session and both assessment sessions
  • Physical or medical conditions limiting participation in hands-on ultrasound practice
  • Refusal to provide informed consent for data collection

Studijní plán

Tato část poskytuje podrobnosti o studijním plánu, včetně toho, jak je studie navržena a co studie měří.

Jak je studie koncipována?

Detaily designu

  • Primární účel: Jiný
  • Přidělení: Randomizované
  • Intervenční model: Paralelní přiřazení
  • Maskování: Singl

Zbraně a zásahy

Skupina účastníků / Arm
Intervence / Léčba
Aktivní komparátor: Tutor-Guided Learning
Participants assigned to this arm completed the thoracic pathology recognition station with direct tutor guidance. During the session, students reviewed pulmonary ultrasound cases through structured case-based learning, received real-time clinical reasoning guidance, and were provided with immediate corrective feedback by a trained tutor. All other components of the ultrasound internship were identical to those completed by the self-directed learning group.
Behaviorální: Tutor-Guided Learning
Participants completed the thoracic pathology recognition station with direct tutor guidance. During the 30-minute station, students reviewed pulmonary ultrasound cases through structured case-based learning, received real-time clinical reasoning guidance, and were provided with immediate corrective feedback by a trained tutor.
Experimentální: Self-Directed Learning
Participants assigned to this arm completed the thoracic pathology recognition station using MEDQUIZ, a purpose-built self-directed digital learning tool. Students independently reviewed clinical cases, patient information, and pulmonary ultrasound video clips without structured tutor guidance. The tool included learning materials that remained available during the session. All other components of the ultrasound internship were identical to those completed by the tutor-guided learning group.
Behaviorální: Self-Directed Learning
Participants used MEDQUIZ, a purpose-built digital learning tool, to complete the thoracic pathology recognition station independently. The tool presented clinical cases, patient information, learning materials, and pulmonary ultrasound video clips. Students reviewed the cases and answered independently without structured tutor guidance during the 30-minute station.

Co je měření studie?

Primární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Anatomical Structure Recognition Accuracy
Časové okno: Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Percentage of pulmonary ultrasound cases in which participants correctly identified the anatomical structure shown in the ultrasound video clip.
Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Physiological Versus Pathological Discrimination Accuracy
Časové okno: Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Percentage of pulmonary ultrasound cases in which participants correctly classified the ultrasound finding as physiological or pathological.
Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Pulmonary Pathology Identification Accuracy
Časové okno: Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Percentage of pathological pulmonary ultrasound cases in which participants correctly identified the specific pulmonary condition shown in the ultrasound video clip, including pneumonia or consolidation, interstitial syndrome, pleural effusion, or pneumothorax.
Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Overall Pulmonary Ultrasound Case Resolution Score
Časové okno: Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Percentage of pulmonary ultrasound cases correctly resolved with the maximum score. A case was considered correctly resolved when the participant correctly identified the anatomical structure, correctly classified the finding as physiological or pathological, and, where applicable, correctly identified the specific pulmonary pathology.
Immediately before and immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session

Sekundární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Student Satisfaction With the Simulation Experience
Časové okno: Immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session
Student satisfaction with the ultrasound training experience will be assessed after the session using the Italian version of the Satisfaction with Simulation Experience scale. This scale includes 18 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale, from 1 to 5. The total score ranges from 18 to 90, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction with the simulation-based learning experience. Three subscale scores will also be calculated: Debriefing and Reflection, ranging from 9 to 45; Clinical Reasoning, ranging from 5 to 25; and Clinical Learning, ranging from 4 to 20. For all subscales, higher scores indicate a better outcome, corresponding to greater satisfaction in the specific domain.
Immediately after the 3-hour ultrasound training session

Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé

Zde najdete lidi a organizace zapojené do této studie.

Sponzor

University of Turin, Italy

Vyšetřovatelé

  • Ředitel studie: Alberto Milan, PhD, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy

Publikace a užitečné odkazy

Osoba odpovědná za zadávání informací o studiu tyto publikace poskytuje dobrovolně. Mohou se týkat čehokoli, co souvisí se studiem.

Obecné publikace

Termíny studijních záznamů

Tato data sledují průběh záznamů studie a předkládání souhrnných výsledků na ClinicalTrials.gov. Záznamy ze studií a hlášené výsledky jsou před zveřejněním na veřejné webové stránce přezkoumány Národní lékařskou knihovnou (NLM), aby se ujistily, že splňují specifické standardy kontroly kvality.

Hlavní termíny studia

Začátek studia (Aktuální)

3. března 2026

Primární dokončení (Aktuální)

30. dubna 2026

Dokončení studie (Aktuální)

30. dubna 2026

Termíny zápisu do studia

První předloženo

23. června 2026

První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality

29. června 2026

První zveřejněno (Aktuální)

1. července 2026

Aktualizace studijních záznamů

Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)

1. července 2026

Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality

29. června 2026

Naposledy ověřeno

1. června 2026

Více informací

Termíny související s touto studií

Klíčová slova

Další identifikační čísla studie

  • 219865

Plán pro data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)

Plánujete sdílet data jednotlivých účastníků (IPD)?

NE

Popis plánu IPD

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available. Access to de-identified data may be considered only in the context of a formal scientific collaboration and after approval by the relevant institutional and ethics committee authorities, in accordance with applicable regulations.

Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty

Studuje lékový produkt regulovaný americkým FDA

Ne

Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA

Ne

Tyto informace byly beze změn načteny přímo z webu clinicaltrials.gov. Máte-li jakékoli požadavky na změnu, odstranění nebo aktualizaci podrobností studie, kontaktujte prosím register@clinicaltrials.gov. Jakmile bude změna implementována na clinicaltrials.gov, bude automaticky aktualizována i na našem webu .

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