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Effect of Box Breathing Exercise on Anxiety, Pain, and Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy

2. august 2026 opdateret af: Gamze BOZKUL, Tarsus University

Effect of Box Breathing Exercise on Anxiety, Pain, and Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: Randomized Controlled Trial

This study is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial designed to determine the effect of box breathing exercises on anxiety, pain, and pulmonary function in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Data will be collected using the Participant Characteristics Form, State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form. Patients scheduled for colonoscopy who meet the inclusion criteria will be informed about the study, and written informed consent will be obtained.

Upon arrival at the endoscopy unit, all participants will complete the Participant Characteristics Form and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) under the supervision of researcher MA. Baseline pulmonary function tests will be performed using the Contec SP-10 Spirometer (China).

After confirming eligibility and obtaining written informed consent, researcher GB will notify researcher YG, who will determine the participant's group allocation and communicate it to GB according to the randomization sequence.

Before the procedure, 34 patients allocated to the intervention group will receive the box breathing intervention, whereas 34 patients in the control group will receive routine pre-procedural care.

Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit. The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle. Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.

Participants in the control group will receive the unit's standard pre-procedural care. As part of routine practice, vital signs are assessed before the procedure. To maintain patient privacy, participants remove their clothing and wear a surgical gown. After being positioned in the left lateral position, petroleum jelly is applied to the anal region, and the colonoscopy is performed using a flexible colonoscope. All colonoscopy procedures will be performed by the same gastroenterology specialist to ensure procedural consistency.

Immediately after the procedure, the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form will be administered by researcher MA.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

This study is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial designed to determine the effect of box breathing exercises on anxiety, pain, and pulmonary function in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Data will be collected using the Participant Characteristics Form, State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form. Patients scheduled for colonoscopy who meet the inclusion criteria will be informed about the study, and written informed consent will be obtained.

Upon arrival at the endoscopy unit, all participants will complete the Participant Characteristics Form and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) under the supervision of researcher MA. Baseline pulmonary function tests will be performed using the Contec SP-10 Spirometer (China).

After confirming eligibility and obtaining written informed consent, researcher GB will notify researcher YG, who will determine the participant's group allocation and communicate it to GB according to the randomization sequence.

Before the procedure, 34 patients allocated to the intervention group will receive the box breathing intervention, whereas 34 patients in the control group will receive routine pre-procedural care.

Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit. The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle. Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.

Participants in the control group will receive the unit's standard pre-procedural care. As part of routine practice, vital signs are assessed before the procedure. To maintain patient privacy, participants remove their clothing and wear a surgical gown. After being positioned in the left lateral position, petroleum jelly is applied to the anal region, and the colonoscopy is performed using a flexible colonoscope. All colonoscopy procedures will be performed by the same gastroenterology specialist to ensure procedural consistency.

Immediately after the procedure, the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form will be administered by researcher MA. Data will be analyzed using statistical software. Participants' descriptive characteristics will be summarized using mean ± standard deviation, median (minimum-maximum), frequencies, and percentages, as appropriate. Qualitative variables recorded in the patient follow-up form will be categorized and converted into quantitative data, and the results will be presented as frequencies and percentages.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

68

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen
  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • are 18 years of age or older;
  • are scheduled to undergo colonoscopy;
  • are conscious, oriented, and able to cooperate;
  • provide written informed consent to participate in the study;
  • are able to speak and understand Turkish; and
  • have no physical disabilities that would interfere with study participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • decline to participate or choose to withdraw from the study;
  • have a chronic respiratory disease;
  • have chest pain;
  • have nasal abnormalities (e.g., nasal septal deviation) or adenoid hypertrophy -that may affect ventilation;
  • have previously practiced box breathing exercises; or
  • have chronic pain.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Andet
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Firedobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Experimental group
Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit. The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle. Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.
Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit. The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle. Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.
Ingen indgriben: Control group
Participants in the control group will receive the unit's standard pre-procedural care. As part of routine practice, vital signs are assessed before the procedure. To maintain patient privacy, participants remove their clothing and wear a surgical gown. After being positioned in the left lateral position, petroleum jelly is applied to the anal region, and the colonoscopy is performed using a flexible colonoscope. All colonoscopy procedures will be performed by the same gastroenterology specialist to ensure procedural consistency.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Angst
Tidsramme: 12 måneder
Den statlige angstskala: I denne undersøgelse blev DAQ, der er struktureret til at måle øjeblikkelige følelser, anvendt. Dens tyrkiske gyldighed og pålidelighed blev udført af Öner og Le Compte i 1983. DAQ består af 20 spørgsmål i en fire-punkts Likert-skala. Udsagnene i DAQ evalueres som slet ikke (1), lidt (2), meget (3) og fuldstændigt (4). I dette afsnit er udsagnene opdelt i direkte og omvendte udsagn. Inverterede udsagn: 1., 2., 5., 5., 8., 8., 10., 11., 15., 16., 19., 20. varer. Den samlede score for de omvendte udsagn trækkes fra den samlede score for de direkte udsagn, og tallet 50, som er den ufravigelige værdi af DAQ, tilføjes til den opnåede værdi, og DAQ -score beregnes. Skala-score varierer mellem 20-80, og en stigning i score indikerer en stigning i angstniveauet.
12 måneder
Procedural Pain
Tidsramme: 12 months
It is a scale that provides a subjective assessment of pain on a horizontal or vertical line from 0 (no pain at all)-10 (very severe pain) to evaluate the level of pain
12 months
Pulmonary function test
Tidsramme: 12 months
This form is used to record pre-procedural and post-procedural pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters
12 months

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Efterforskere

  • Studieleder: Gamze Bozkul, Tarsus University

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

15. september 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

15. juni 2027

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

15. september 2027

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

20. juli 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

23. juli 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

27. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

4. august 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

2. august 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. august 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • TU-BOZKUL-021

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

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INGEN

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