Effect of Box Breathing Exercise on Anxiety, Pain, and Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy
Effect of Box Breathing Exercise on Anxiety, Pain, and Pulmonary Function Tests in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy: Randomized Controlled Trial
This study is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial designed to determine the effect of box breathing exercises on anxiety, pain, and pulmonary function in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Data will be collected using the Participant Characteristics Form, State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form. Patients scheduled for colonoscopy who meet the inclusion criteria will be informed about the study, and written informed consent will be obtained.
Upon arrival at the endoscopy unit, all participants will complete the Participant Characteristics Form and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) under the supervision of researcher MA. Baseline pulmonary function tests will be performed using the Contec SP-10 Spirometer (China).
After confirming eligibility and obtaining written informed consent, researcher GB will notify researcher YG, who will determine the participant's group allocation and communicate it to GB according to the randomization sequence.
Before the procedure, 34 patients allocated to the intervention group will receive the box breathing intervention, whereas 34 patients in the control group will receive routine pre-procedural care.
Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit. The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle. Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.
Participants in the control group will receive the unit's standard pre-procedural care. As part of routine practice, vital signs are assessed before the procedure. To maintain patient privacy, participants remove their clothing and wear a surgical gown. After being positioned in the left lateral position, petroleum jelly is applied to the anal region, and the colonoscopy is performed using a flexible colonoscope. All colonoscopy procedures will be performed by the same gastroenterology specialist to ensure procedural consistency.
Immediately after the procedure, the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form will be administered by researcher MA.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Status
Condições
Condições
Intervenção / Tratamento
Intervenção / Tratamento
Descrição detalhada
This study is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial designed to determine the effect of box breathing exercises on anxiety, pain, and pulmonary function in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Data will be collected using the Participant Characteristics Form, State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form. Patients scheduled for colonoscopy who meet the inclusion criteria will be informed about the study, and written informed consent will be obtained.
Upon arrival at the endoscopy unit, all participants will complete the Participant Characteristics Form and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) under the supervision of researcher MA. Baseline pulmonary function tests will be performed using the Contec SP-10 Spirometer (China).
After confirming eligibility and obtaining written informed consent, researcher GB will notify researcher YG, who will determine the participant's group allocation and communicate it to GB according to the randomization sequence.
Before the procedure, 34 patients allocated to the intervention group will receive the box breathing intervention, whereas 34 patients in the control group will receive routine pre-procedural care.
Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit. The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle. Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.
Participants in the control group will receive the unit's standard pre-procedural care. As part of routine practice, vital signs are assessed before the procedure. To maintain patient privacy, participants remove their clothing and wear a surgical gown. After being positioned in the left lateral position, petroleum jelly is applied to the anal region, and the colonoscopy is performed using a flexible colonoscope. All colonoscopy procedures will be performed by the same gastroenterology specialist to ensure procedural consistency.
Immediately after the procedure, the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Pulmonary Function Test Monitoring Form will be administered by researcher MA. Data will be analyzed using statistical software. Participants' descriptive characteristics will be summarized using mean ± standard deviation, median (minimum-maximum), frequencies, and percentages, as appropriate. Qualitative variables recorded in the patient follow-up form will be categorized and converted into quantitative data, and the results will be presented as frequencies and percentages.
Tipo de estudo
Tipo de estudo
Inscrição (Estimado)
Inscrição
Estágio
Estágio
- Não aplicável
Contactos e Locais
Contato de estudo
Contato de estudo
- Nome: Gamze Bozkul
- Número de telefone: +903246000033
- E-mail: gamze.bozkul@gmail.com
Estude backup de contato
- Nome: GAMZE BOZKUL
- E-mail: gamze.bozkul@gmail.com
Critérios de participação
Critérios de elegibilidade
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
- Adulto
- Adulto mais velho
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- are 18 years of age or older;
- are scheduled to undergo colonoscopy;
- are conscious, oriented, and able to cooperate;
- provide written informed consent to participate in the study;
- are able to speak and understand Turkish; and
- have no physical disabilities that would interfere with study participation.
Exclusion Criteria:
- decline to participate or choose to withdraw from the study;
- have a chronic respiratory disease;
- have chest pain;
- have nasal abnormalities (e.g., nasal septal deviation) or adenoid hypertrophy -that may affect ventilation;
- have previously practiced box breathing exercises; or
- have chronic pain.
Plano de estudo
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Outro
- Alocação: Randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Quadruplicar
Número de braços
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / BraçoGrupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / TratamentoIntervenção / Tratamento |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Experimental group
Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit.
The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle.
Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.
|
Patients in the intervention group will receive instruction from researcher GB on the box breathing technique (4-4-4-4 breathing) upon arrival at the endoscopy unit.
The exercise consists of inhaling through the nose for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 4 seconds, exhaling slowly through the mouth for 4 seconds, and holding the breath again for 4 seconds, constituting one complete cycle.
Participants will be instructed to continue practicing this breathing exercise until they are transferred to the procedure room.
|
|
Sem intervenção: Control group
Participants in the control group will receive the unit's standard pre-procedural care.
As part of routine practice, vital signs are assessed before the procedure.
To maintain patient privacy, participants remove their clothing and wear a surgical gown.
After being positioned in the left lateral position, petroleum jelly is applied to the anal region, and the colonoscopy is performed using a flexible colonoscope.
All colonoscopy procedures will be performed by the same gastroenterology specialist to ensure procedural consistency.
|
O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
|
Ansiedade
Prazo: 12 meses
|
A Escala de Ansiedade do Estado: Neste estudo, o DAQ, que é estruturado para medir sentimentos momentâneos, foi usado.
Sua validade e confiabilidade turcas foram conduzidas por Öner e Le Compte em 1983.
O DAQ consiste em 20 perguntas em uma escala Likert de quatro pontos.
As declarações no DAQ são avaliadas como de forma alguma (1), um pouco (2), muito (3) e completamente (4).
Nesta seção, as declarações são divididas em declarações diretas e reversas.
Declarações invertidas: 1º, 2º, 5º, 5º, 8º, 8º, 10º, 11º, 15º, 16º, 19, 20º itens.
A pontuação total das declarações invertidas é subtraída da pontuação total das declarações diretas e do número 50, que é o valor invariante do DAQ, é adicionado ao valor obtido e a pontuação do DAQ é calculada.
A pontuação da escala varia entre 20-80 e um aumento na pontuação indica um aumento no nível de ansiedade.
|
12 meses
|
|
Procedural Pain
Prazo: 12 months
|
It is a scale that provides a subjective assessment of pain on a horizontal or vertical line from 0 (no pain at all)-10 (very severe pain) to evaluate the level of pain
|
12 months
|
|
Pulmonary function test
Prazo: 12 months
|
This form is used to record pre-procedural and post-procedural pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters
|
12 months
|
Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Patrocinador
Investigadores
Investigadores
- Diretor de estudo: Gamze Bozkul, Tarsus University
Publicações e links úteis
Publicações Gerais
- Balban MY, Neri E, Kogon MM, Weed L, Nouriani B, Jo B, Holl G, Zeitzer JM, Spiegel D, Huberman AD. Brief structured respiration practices enhance mood and reduce physiological arousal. Cell Rep Med. 2023 Jan 17;4(1):100895. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100895. Epub 2023 Jan 10.
- Chen J, Peng LH, Min S. Implementation of perioperative breathing exercises and its effect on postoperative pulmonary complications and long-term prognosis in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2022 Sep;36(9):1229-1243. doi: 10.1177/02692155221097762. Epub 2022 May 29.
- 14. Šantek, N., Režić-Palaversa, T., Vilč, B., Mayer, L., Šoštarić, M., Mrzljak, A., ... & Cigrovski-Berković, M. (2023). Single session preoperative breathing exercise education may influence postoperative outcomes in open colorectal cancer surgery. Libri oncologici: Croatian journal of oncology, 51(2-3), 76-84. https://doi.org/10.20471/LO.2023.51.02-03.12
- 12. Küçükakça Çelik, G., Gümüş, K., Taylan, S., & Ertural, F. (2025). The relationship between preprocedure anxiety level and postprocedure abdominal pain and distention in patients undergoing colonoscopy: A descriptive study. Lokman Hekim Health Sciences, 5(3), 305-311. https://doi.org/10.14744/lhhs.2025.49607
Datas de registro do estudo
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo (Estimado)
Início do estudo
Conclusão Primária (Estimado)
Conclusão Primária
Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)
Conclusão do estudo
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
Enviado pela primeira vez
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
Primeira postagem (Real)
Primeira postagem
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Real)
Última Atualização Postada
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
Última verificação
Última verificação
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais
Outros números de identificação do estudo
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- TU-BOZKUL-021
Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)
Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?
Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo
Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA
Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA
Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .