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Effectiveness of Clear Aligner Systems in Mixed Dentition Maxillary Transverse Deficiency

10. maj 2026 opdateret af: Celal Irgin, TC Erciyes University

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Clear Aligner Systems in Patients With Maxillary Transverse Deficiency During the Mixed Dentition Period: An In-Vivo Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

he primary aim of this study is to compare the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects of arch expansion using an in-house clear aligner system, produced chairside with an indirect manufacturing technique, and commercially available clear aligner systems (Invisalign) in patients during the mixed dentition period.

Participants will be allocated into five groups: Group A-In-house aligners (5-day activation protocol), Group B-In-house aligners (2-day activation protocol), Group C-Invisalign First aligners, Group D-Invisalign Palatal Expander, and Group E-untreated control group.

Before treatment, demographic data, dental models, intraoral and extraoral photographs, radiographic images, and clinical measurements will be collected. Skeletal measurements, including maxillary and nasal widths, will be evaluated using posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs. Digital models of the maxilla and mandible will be obtained using an intraoral scanner and used for dental measurements before and after treatment.

Secondary outcomes include evaluation of facial soft tissue changes using stereophotogrammetry (3DMD), assessment of white spot lesions using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF), and analysis of patient compliance using the Orthodontic Patient Cooperation Scale. In addition, changes in body mass index (BMI), maxillary-mandibular transverse discrepancies, and appliance wear time will be evaluated.

Studieoversigt

Status

Aktiv, ikke rekrutterende

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

75

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
    • Kayseri
      • Talas, Kayseri, Tyrkiet (Türkiye), 38039
        • Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients in the early mixed dentition period;
  • Maxillary intermolar width ≤ 31 mm;
  • Presence of at least 5 mm transverse discrepancy between the maxillary and mandibular arches;
  • Normal vertical growth pattern (Sn-GoGn: 32 ± 6°);
  • Eruption of permanent first molars and central incisors;
  • Presence of at least two primary posterior teeth in each quadrant;
  • Posterior teeth with a clinical crown height of at least 4 mm;
  • Patients aged between 7 and 10 years;
  • Absence of any craniofacial anomalies;
  • Good oral hygiene status; Healthy periodontal tissues.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with the loss of more than one primary tooth
  • Presence of stainless steel crowns on the maxillary permanent first molars, primary first molars, or primary second molars
  • Patients with systemic or syndromic conditions
  • Presence of palatal exostoses or morphological anomalies of the palatal surface
  • Presence of active temporomandibular joint disorders
  • Children with poor compliance
  • History of allergy to any dental material
  • Patients with multiple and/or advanced caries, tooth agenesis, or supernumerary teeth
  • Patients with skeletal asymmetry

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Ingen indgriben: Kontrolgruppe
Eksperimentel: Invisalign Palatal Expander
Enhed: Invisalign Palatal Expander Therapy
In patients treated with the Invisalign Palatal Expander (IPE) (Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA), three-dimensional digital models were obtained using an intraoral scanner (iTero Lumina™, Align Technology). Individualized maxillary expansion amounts were prescribed based on clinical objectives. Unlike conventional aligner therapy, the IPE system does not involve full digital treatment simulation; expansion was defined by the planned transverse increase. Following approval, customized IPE appliance sets were manufactured and delivered. Patients were instructed to wear the appliance full-time, including during meals, removing it only for oral hygiene procedures. The activation protocol consisted of appliance changes every 2 days, providing 0.25 mm transverse expansion per stage. After completion of expansion, retention was achieved using Invisalign Palatal Holder appliances fabricated from new digital scans.
Eksperimentel: In-House Aligner (2-Day Protocol)
Enhed: In-House Clear Aligner Therapy (2-Day Protocol)
In-house clear aligners were fabricated using a fully digital workflow. Digital impressions were obtained with an intraoral scanner (3Shape TRIOS), and maxillary models were processed in CAD software for segmentation and attachment planning. Buccal retention attachments were placed on primary canines, primary molars, and permanent first molars. Maxillary models were digitally expanded in 0.2 mm increments per stage, generating sequential STL files. Models were 3D-printed and thermoformed to fabricate aligners, which were then trimmed, polished, and labeled. Patients received five aligners at each visit and were instructed to change them every 2 days. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 10-day intervals. At each visit, treatment progress was assessed, and the next series of aligners was provided.
Eksperimentel: In-House Aligner (5-Day Protocol)
Enhed: In-House Clear Aligner Therapy (5-Day Protocol)
In-house clear aligners were fabricated using a fully digital workflow. Digital impressions were obtained with an intraoral scanner (3Shape TRIOS), and maxillary models were processed in CAD software for segmentation and attachment planning. Buccal retention attachments were placed on primary canines, primary molars, and permanent first molars to enhance retention and support transverse expansion. Models were digitally expanded in 0.2 mm increments per stage and converted into sequential STL files. These models were 3D-printed (Asiga MAX UV) and thermoformed (MINISTAR S) to produce aligners. The appliances were trimmed, polished, and labeled with sequence numbers. Patients received five aligners per visit and were instructed to change them every 5 days. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 25-day intervals, during which treatment progress was evaluated and new aligners were delivered.
Aktiv komparator: Invisalign First Aligner
Enhed: Invisalign First Aligner Therapy
In patients treated with Invisalign First (Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA), three-dimensional digital models were obtained using an intraoral scanner (3Shape TRIOS). Intraoral, extraoral photographs and radiographs were collected and uploaded to the ClinCheck digital treatment planning platform. Individualized treatment objectives were defined, and expansion was planned without concurrent tooth movement to isolate maxillary transverse effects. After achieving the desired expansion, comprehensive orthodontic treatment was continued. Virtual treatment plans were reviewed and revised when necessary before approval. Attachments were placed on posterior teeth to enhance retention and support expansion. Enamel surfaces were etched, bonded, and light-cured using standard orthodontic protocols. Patients were instructed to wear aligners 20-22 hours daily,and aligners were replaced every 5 days.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tidsramme
Maxillary Transverse Dentoalveolar Dimension
Tidsramme: 20 weeks
20 weeks

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tidsramme
White spot lesion incidence
Tidsramme: 20 weeks
20 weeks

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

TC Erciyes University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

26. maj 2025

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

1. maj 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

1. juli 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

3. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

10. maj 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

14. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

14. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

10. maj 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. maj 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 2025/189

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Kliniske forsøg med Maxillær tværgående mangel

Kliniske forsøg med Invisalign Palatal Expander Therapy

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