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Effectiveness of UrDiaCare (UrDiaCare)

10. September 2026 aktualisiert von: Prof. Dr. Shamaila Mohsin, PhD, National University of Medical Sciences, Pakistan

Effectiveness of UrDiaCare: A Knowledge-Grounded Urdu Large Language Diabetes Management Application on Glycaemic Control Self Management Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in Pakistan: A Randomised Controlled Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if UrDiaCare, an Urdu-language diabetes support tool, can help adults with type 2 diabetes manage their Diabetes and improve blood sugar levels. The study will include adults aged 30 to 70 years with type 2 diabetes and higher-than-recommended blood sugar levels. The main question is whether UrDiaCare can lower HbA1c, a blood test that shows average blood sugar levels over the past few months, after four months.

Researchers will compare UrDiaCare plus standard diabetes care with standard diabetes care plus a single Urdu educational pamphlet. UrDiaCare provides diabetes self-management education and support through WhatsApp/Android. It uses a fixed, health-professional-reviewed information library and does not provide diagnosis or prescribe treatment.

Studienübersicht

Status

Noch keine Rekrutierung

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

This study evaluates UrDiaCare, an Urdu-language, knowledge-grounded conversational assistant developed to support diabetes self-management among adults with type 2 diabetes in Pakistan. The intervention is designed to complement routine diabetes care by providing accessible, culturally appropriate education and ongoing support through WhatsApp.

UrDiaCare focuses on five areas of diabetes self-management: medication adherence, healthy eating, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and prevention of diabetes-related complications. Its development includes translating and culturally adapting diabetes education materials, expert review, and pilot testing with adults with type 2 diabetes to assess clarity, usability, cultural appropriateness, and technical functionality before finalizing the intervention.

The intervention is guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and the Health Belief Model (HBM). SCT emphasizes self-efficacy and supports mastery experiences, encouragement, and contextualized feedback. HBM informs messages addressing perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers related to diabetes self-management. The conceptual framework proposes that UrDiaCare may improve self-efficacy and health beliefs, leading to better medication adherence and self-care behaviors and, ultimately, improved glycemic control.

UrDiaCare uses a knowledge-grounded, retrieval-augmented approach. Its responses are restricted to a predefined, clinician-reviewed knowledge library based on established diabetes education resources. The system is not a diagnostic or prescribing tool and does not provide individualized medical recommendations. Questions outside its approved educational scope trigger a standard response directing participants to their treating physician or an appropriate health facility. The knowledge library and safety rules are version-locked during the trial to maintain consistency.

The trial will use a parallel-group randomized controlled design. Participants will receive either UrDiaCare in addition to standard outpatient diabetes care or standard care with a static Urdu educational pamphlet covering the same five self-management areas. The study will follow participants for four months, with assessments conducted at baseline, two months, and four months.

The primary outcome is change in HbA1c from baseline to four months. Secondary outcomes assess medication adherence, diabetes self-management behavior, diabetes self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, and the usability and acceptability of UrDiaCare. The study will also examine factors associated with glycemic improvement among participants receiving UrDiaCare.

Intervention engagement and technical performance will be monitored throughout the study. UrDiaCare will use predefined safety checks to identify emergency or out-of-scope requests, while system information will be used to assess engagement and intervention delivery. Participant confidentiality will be protected through secure data-handling procedures, with identifying information and communication records stored separately and access restricted to authorized study personnel.

Overall, the study will determine whether adding a theory-informed, Urdu-language, knowledge-grounded conversational intervention to standard diabetes care can improve glycemic control and diabetes self-management. It will also provide evidence on the usability and safe implementation of an AI-assisted approach to diabetes self-management in Pakistan.

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Geschätzt)

406

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienkontakt

  • Name: Shamaila Mohsin, P.hD in Public Health
  • Telefonnummer: +92- 301-8219989
  • E-Mail: sm104177@hotmail.com

Studienorte

    • Punjab Province
      • Gujranwala, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 52250
        • District Headquarter Hospital

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Erwachsene
  • Älterer Erwachsener

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Nein

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

Adults aged 30-70 years with T2DM confirmed ≥ 6 months (clinical record) and HbA1c ≥ 7.5% at screening

  • Currently prescribed oral antidiabetic medication(s) for ≥ 3 months
  • Personal ownership and regular daily use of a functioning smartphone (Android/iOS)
  • Able to read and understand Urdu
  • Available for the full 4-month study period and willing to provide written informed consent -

Exclusion Criteria:

Type 1, gestational, or secondary diabetes (e.g., steroid-induced, MODY)

  • Current insulin therapy (to avoid confounding from differing self-management complexity)
  • Severe, uncorrectable comorbidity likely to materially affect glycemic control or survival within 4 months (e.g., end-stage renal disease, active malignancy, liver failure)
  • Significant cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorder precluding informed consent or technology use
  • Participation in another diabetes clinical trial within the preceding 3 months
  • Insufficient Urdu reading proficiency, as the UrDiaCare interface is Urdu-script based

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Unterstützende Pflege
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallele Zuordnung
  • Maskierung: Single

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Experimental: UrDiaCare
Participants randomized to this arm will receive UrDiaCare, a knowledge-grounded retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) Urdu large language model self-management assistant, delivered via WhatsApp/Android for 4 months in addition to standard outpatient diabetes care. UrDiaCare provides interactive Urdu diabetes self-management education and support covering glucose monitoring, medication management, diet, physical activity, and foot care. The system uses a predefined, clinician-reviewed knowledge base and provides scope-limited educational responses.
UrDiaCare is a knowledge-grounded, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)-based Urdu large language model self-management application delivered through WhatsApp/Android. It provides interactive Urdu diabetes self-management education and support for 4 months in addition to standard outpatient diabetes care. The intervention covers glucose monitoring, medication management, diet, physical activity, and foot care. UrDiaCare uses a predefined, clinician-reviewed, version-locked knowledge library and a safety-scope check. The system provides structured educational responses and scope-limited replies, and redirects out-of-scope requests requiring individualized clinical advice to the participant's treating physician or appropriate health facility.
Aktiver Komparator: Urdu Educational Pamphlet
Participants randomized to this arm will receive standard outpatient diabetes care plus a single, non-interactive Urdu educational pamphlet delivered once at baseline via WhatsApp. The pamphlet covers the same five diabetes self-management domains as the UrDiaCare content library: glucose monitoring, medication management, diet, physical activity, and foot care. The pamphlet is static and does not provide interactive or ongoing conversational support.
Participants will receive standard outpatient diabetes care plus a single, non-interactive Urdu educational pamphlet delivered online via WhatsApp at baseline. The pamphlet provides general diabetes self-management education covering five domains: blood glucose monitoring, medication adherence, healthy eating, physical activity, and foot care. It does not provide interactive, personalized, or ongoing support.

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Change in HbA1c (%) from baseline to 4 months
Zeitfenster: Baseline to 4 Months
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) will be measured as an indicator of glycemic control at baseline and at 4 months. The primary analysis will compare the change in HbA1c from baseline to 4 months between the Urdiacare mHealth chatbot intervention group and the control group.
Baseline to 4 Months

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Change in Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) score from baseline to 4 months
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 2 months, and 4 months after randomization
The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) will be used to assess diabetes self-management behaviors. The total DSMQ score will be measured at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months. Changes in scores over time will be compared between the intervention and control groups
Baseline, 2 months, and 4 months after randomization
Change in Urdu Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (U-DSES) score
Zeitfenster: Baseline and 4 months after randomization
The Urdu Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (U-DSES) will be used to assess participants' confidence in managing their diabetes. The total self-efficacy score will be assessed at baseline and at 4 months, and the change in score will be compared between the intervention and control groups.
Baseline and 4 months after randomization
Change in Urdu Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (U-SDSCA) score
Zeitfenster: Baseline, 2 months, and 4 months after randomization
The Urdu Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (U-SDSCA) will be used to assess diabetes self-care behaviors, including dietary practices, physical activity, blood glucose testing, medication adherence, and foot care. The score will be assessed at baseline, 2 months, and 4 months, and changes over time will be compared between the intervention and control groups.
Baseline, 2 months, and 4 months after randomization

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Publikationen und hilfreiche Links

Die Bereitstellung dieser Publikationen erfolgt freiwillig durch die für die Eingabe von Informationen über die Studie verantwortliche Person. Diese können sich auf alles beziehen, was mit dem Studium zu tun hat.

Nützliche Links

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Geschätzt)

15. September 2026

Primärer Abschluss (Geschätzt)

31. Dezember 2026

Studienabschluss (Geschätzt)

31. Januar 2027

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

4. September 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

10. September 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

11. September 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

11. September 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

10. September 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. September 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • Re:758-AAA-ERC-AFPGMI

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