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EFFET - Study of Executive Functions Regarding the Usability and User Experience of Assistive Technologies Among the Elderly (EFFET)

16. September 2026 aktualisiert von: University Hospital, Angers

EFFET - Study of Executive Functions Regarding the Usability and User Experience of Assistive Technologies Among the Elderly / Etude Des Fonctions Exécutives Sur l'utilisabilité et l'expérience Utilisateur Des Technologies d'Assistance Chez Les Personnes âgées

Population aging increases the strain on healthcare systems and highlights the value of gerontechnologies in promoting the autonomy and home-based living of older adults. However, their adoption remains limited, particularly due to age-related cognitive changes.

Cognitive Load Theory attributes certain difficulties in using digital technologies to the excessive demands placed on working memory. Yet, it provides limited insight into the executive functions involved in interface interaction-specifically inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory updating. The concept of "executive load" may therefore provide a framework for examining examine how excessive demands on these functions affect user efficiency.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of mental flexibility on the usability of a digital interface among individuals aged 65 or older living in senior residences who have an MMSE score of ≥ 24/30. Executive functions, cognitive reserve, technology acceptance, and digital skills are assessed during an initial visit.

Between 24 hours and one month later, participants perform a medical appointment-booking task on a tablet twice, using two interfaces that differ in executive load (low versus high). The order of interface presentation is randomized to control for potential order and practice effects. Performance, user experience, and cognitive load are recorded after each task.

The study aims to recruit 70 participants to obtain at least 50 complete datasets. Although the study offers no direct therapeutic benefit, it is expected to help better tailor gerontechnologies to the cognitive capabilities of older adults and facilitate the design of more accessible and inclusive digital interfaces, particularly in the healthcare sector.

Studienübersicht

Status

Noch keine Rekrutierung

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Geschätzt)

70

Phase

  • Unzutreffend

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienkontakt

Studieren Sie die Kontaktsicherung

Studienorte

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

65 Jahre und älter (Älterer Erwachsener)

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Nein

Studienberechtigte Geschlechter

Alle

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Be aged 65 or older
  • Reside in a partner senior living facility
  • Understand French
  • Have signed an informed consent form for participation
  • Be affiliated with or a beneficiary of a social security scheme
  • Present an MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) score of ≥ 24/30

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Be subject to a legal protection measure
  • Have a major, uncorrected visual or hearing impairment preventing the reading of questionnaires, the completion of neuropsychological tests, or the use of a touchscreen tablet
  • Have a motor impairment of the upper limbs making the use of a touchscreen tablet impossible
  • Have a neurological or psychiatric condition likely to impair executive functions or participation in the assessment, including acute or progressive neurological disorders, significant neurological history, and unstabilized psychiatric disorders

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Sonstiges
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Sequenzielle Zuweisung
  • Maskierung: Keine (Offenes Etikett)

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Sonstiges: High-executive-load task first

Participants realise high-executive-load task and then low-executive-load task

high executive load task

low executive load task

Sonstiges: low-executive-load task first

Participants realise low-executive-load task and then high-executive-load task

high executive load task

low executive load task

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Correlation between Trail Making Test Z-score and usability score (low executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of mental flexibility on the usability of a digital interface

=> correlation between the Trail Making Test Z-score and the usability score (completion time in seconds) for the digital task under low executive load conditions.

The Trail Making Test consists of two sheets (A and B). On sheet A, the participant must connect numbers in ascending order (time and number of errors are recorded). On sheet B, the participant must alternate between connecting numbers and letters (time, number of errors, and number of perseverations are recorded). A Z-score is calculated using the recorded scores.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Correlation between Trail Making Test Z-score and UEQ score (low executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of mental flexibility on user experience

=> correlation between the Trail Making Test Z-score and the UEQ score under conditions of low executive load.

UEQ (26 items) : a questionnaire evaluating user experience across six dimensions: attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty. These dimensions can be grouped into two subscales: pragmatic (efficiency, clarity, dependability) and hedonic (stimulation and novelty). Each item is rated on a scale of 1 to 7, with results converted into composite scores. A score close to +3 indicates a very positive experience, while a score close to -3 indicates a negative experience. The score for each UEQ dimension will be recorded. The questionnaire is administered via interviewer-led assessment (taking approximately 15 minutes).

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between Victoria Stroop Z-score and usability score (low executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of inhibition on usability

=> correlation between the Victoria Stroop Z-score and the usability score (completion time in seconds) under low executive load conditions.

The Victoria Stroop test consists of three cards (color, word, and interference). On the color card, participants must name the color of 24 colored circles (time, corrected errors, uncorrected errors, and total errors are recorded). On the word card, they must read 24 words printed in colored ink (time, corrected errors, uncorrected errors, and total errors are recorded). On the interference card, they must name the ink color of 24 words denoting a different color (e.g., the word "red" printed in yellow ink); time, corrected errors, uncorrected errors, and total errors are recorded. A Z-score is calculated based on the recorded scores.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between Victoria Stroop Z-score and UEQ score (low executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of inhibition on the user experience

=> correlation between the Victoria Stroop Z-score and the UEQ score under low executive load conditions.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between 2-back and usability scores (low executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of the update on usability

=> correlation between the 2-back d'score and the usability score (completion time in seconds) under low executive load conditions.

The 2-back task involves presenting a series of 30 letters one by one. For each letter presented, the participant must indicate-by pressing a keyboard key-whether it is identical to the letter presented two items previously. It yields five metrics: the number of correctly detected targets, false alarms, missed targets, correctly rejected targets, and the d-prime (d') score. The d' score is used as the primary metric.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between 2-back and the UEQ scores (low executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of the update on the user experience

=> correlation between the 2-back d'score and the UEQ score under low executive load conditions.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
MDPQ-16 score
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)

Describe the participants' level of digital skills (control variable)

=> score on the MDPQ-16 questionnaire. Technological skills will be measured using the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire (MDPQ-16), which assesses proficiency in using mobile devices (smartphones and tablets) among older adults. The MDPQ-16 questionnaire consists of 16 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Never done") to 5 ("Very easily"), with a maximum total score of 80. It is administered via interviewer assessment (taking approximately 5 minutes), and the score for each Likert scale item is recorded.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)
CRI-q score
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)

Describe the participants' level of cognitive reserve (control variable)

=> score on the CRI-q questionnaire. CRI-q questionnaire evaluates four dimensions: CRI Total, CRI Education, CRI Work, and CRI Leisure. Responses to each item will be recorded. Each dimension yields a standardized score, calculated using an Excel file provided by the authors. This questionnaire is normed for ages up to 102. It is administered via interviewer assessment (taking approximately 15 minutes).

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)
STAM score
Zeitfenster: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)

Describe the participants' level of technology acceptance (control variable)

=> score on the STAM questionnaire. Attitudes toward technology will be measured using the S-STAM (Short-Senior Technology Acceptance Model), a 14-item questionnaire covering four dimensions: attitudes (3 items), control (4 items), anxiety (2 items), and health (5 items). Each item is rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 10. The maximum score is 140. Scores for each Likert scale are recorded. Developed for older adults, it is administered via interviewer assessment (taking approximately 10 minutes).

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)
Usability score (low vs. high executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Compare the usability score between the low executive load interface and the high executive load interface

=> comparison of the usability score (completion time in seconds) between the two experimental conditions (low vs. high executive load).

Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
User experience score (low vs. high executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Compare the user experience score between the low executive load interface and the high executive load interface

=> comparison of the UEQ score between the two experimental conditions (low vs. high executive load).

Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Perceived cognitive load score (low vs. high executive load)
Zeitfenster: Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Compare the perceived cognitive load score between the low executive load interface and the high executive load interface

=> comparison of the perceived cognitive load score between the two experimental conditions (low vs. high executive load).

Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Geschätzt)

1. Oktober 2026

Primärer Abschluss (Geschätzt)

1. April 2028

Studienabschluss (Geschätzt)

15. Mai 2028

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

8. September 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

16. September 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

22. September 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

22. September 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

16. September 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. September 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • 2026-A01625-46

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

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