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EFFET - Study of Executive Functions Regarding the Usability and User Experience of Assistive Technologies Among the Elderly (EFFET)

16 settembre 2026 aggiornato da: University Hospital, Angers

EFFET - Study of Executive Functions Regarding the Usability and User Experience of Assistive Technologies Among the Elderly / Etude Des Fonctions Exécutives Sur l'utilisabilité et l'expérience Utilisateur Des Technologies d'Assistance Chez Les Personnes âgées

Population aging increases the strain on healthcare systems and highlights the value of gerontechnologies in promoting the autonomy and home-based living of older adults. However, their adoption remains limited, particularly due to age-related cognitive changes.

Cognitive Load Theory attributes certain difficulties in using digital technologies to the excessive demands placed on working memory. Yet, it provides limited insight into the executive functions involved in interface interaction-specifically inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory updating. The concept of "executive load" may therefore provide a framework for examining examine how excessive demands on these functions affect user efficiency.

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of mental flexibility on the usability of a digital interface among individuals aged 65 or older living in senior residences who have an MMSE score of ≥ 24/30. Executive functions, cognitive reserve, technology acceptance, and digital skills are assessed during an initial visit.

Between 24 hours and one month later, participants perform a medical appointment-booking task on a tablet twice, using two interfaces that differ in executive load (low versus high). The order of interface presentation is randomized to control for potential order and practice effects. Performance, user experience, and cognitive load are recorded after each task.

The study aims to recruit 70 participants to obtain at least 50 complete datasets. Although the study offers no direct therapeutic benefit, it is expected to help better tailor gerontechnologies to the cognitive capabilities of older adults and facilitate the design of more accessible and inclusive digital interfaces, particularly in the healthcare sector.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Non ancora reclutamento

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

70

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Backup dei contatti dello studio

Luoghi di studio

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

65 anni e precedenti (Adulto più anziano)

Accetta volontari sani

No

Sessi ammissibili allo studio

Tutto

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Be aged 65 or older
  • Reside in a partner senior living facility
  • Understand French
  • Have signed an informed consent form for participation
  • Be affiliated with or a beneficiary of a social security scheme
  • Present an MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) score of ≥ 24/30

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Be subject to a legal protection measure
  • Have a major, uncorrected visual or hearing impairment preventing the reading of questionnaires, the completion of neuropsychological tests, or the use of a touchscreen tablet
  • Have a motor impairment of the upper limbs making the use of a touchscreen tablet impossible
  • Have a neurological or psychiatric condition likely to impair executive functions or participation in the assessment, including acute or progressive neurological disorders, significant neurological history, and unstabilized psychiatric disorders

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Altro
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione sequenziale
  • Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Altro: High-executive-load task first

Participants realise high-executive-load task and then low-executive-load task

high executive load task

low executive load task

Altro: low-executive-load task first

Participants realise low-executive-load task and then high-executive-load task

high executive load task

low executive load task

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Correlation between Trail Making Test Z-score and usability score (low executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of mental flexibility on the usability of a digital interface

=> correlation between the Trail Making Test Z-score and the usability score (completion time in seconds) for the digital task under low executive load conditions.

The Trail Making Test consists of two sheets (A and B). On sheet A, the participant must connect numbers in ascending order (time and number of errors are recorded). On sheet B, the participant must alternate between connecting numbers and letters (time, number of errors, and number of perseverations are recorded). A Z-score is calculated using the recorded scores.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Correlation between Trail Making Test Z-score and UEQ score (low executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of mental flexibility on user experience

=> correlation between the Trail Making Test Z-score and the UEQ score under conditions of low executive load.

UEQ (26 items) : a questionnaire evaluating user experience across six dimensions: attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty. These dimensions can be grouped into two subscales: pragmatic (efficiency, clarity, dependability) and hedonic (stimulation and novelty). Each item is rated on a scale of 1 to 7, with results converted into composite scores. A score close to +3 indicates a very positive experience, while a score close to -3 indicates a negative experience. The score for each UEQ dimension will be recorded. The questionnaire is administered via interviewer-led assessment (taking approximately 15 minutes).

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between Victoria Stroop Z-score and usability score (low executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of inhibition on usability

=> correlation between the Victoria Stroop Z-score and the usability score (completion time in seconds) under low executive load conditions.

The Victoria Stroop test consists of three cards (color, word, and interference). On the color card, participants must name the color of 24 colored circles (time, corrected errors, uncorrected errors, and total errors are recorded). On the word card, they must read 24 words printed in colored ink (time, corrected errors, uncorrected errors, and total errors are recorded). On the interference card, they must name the ink color of 24 words denoting a different color (e.g., the word "red" printed in yellow ink); time, corrected errors, uncorrected errors, and total errors are recorded. A Z-score is calculated based on the recorded scores.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between Victoria Stroop Z-score and UEQ score (low executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of inhibition on the user experience

=> correlation between the Victoria Stroop Z-score and the UEQ score under low executive load conditions.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between 2-back and usability scores (low executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of the update on usability

=> correlation between the 2-back d'score and the usability score (completion time in seconds) under low executive load conditions.

The 2-back task involves presenting a series of 30 letters one by one. For each letter presented, the participant must indicate-by pressing a keyboard key-whether it is identical to the letter presented two items previously. It yields five metrics: the number of correctly detected targets, false alarms, missed targets, correctly rejected targets, and the d-prime (d') score. The d' score is used as the primary metric.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Correlation between 2-back and the UEQ scores (low executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Evaluate the impact of the update on the user experience

=> correlation between the 2-back d'score and the UEQ score under low executive load conditions.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants), Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
MDPQ-16 score
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)

Describe the participants' level of digital skills (control variable)

=> score on the MDPQ-16 questionnaire. Technological skills will be measured using the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire (MDPQ-16), which assesses proficiency in using mobile devices (smartphones and tablets) among older adults. The MDPQ-16 questionnaire consists of 16 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Never done") to 5 ("Very easily"), with a maximum total score of 80. It is administered via interviewer assessment (taking approximately 5 minutes), and the score for each Likert scale item is recorded.

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)
CRI-q score
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)

Describe the participants' level of cognitive reserve (control variable)

=> score on the CRI-q questionnaire. CRI-q questionnaire evaluates four dimensions: CRI Total, CRI Education, CRI Work, and CRI Leisure. Responses to each item will be recorded. Each dimension yields a standardized score, calculated using an Excel file provided by the authors. This questionnaire is normed for ages up to 102. It is administered via interviewer assessment (taking approximately 15 minutes).

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)
STAM score
Lasso di tempo: Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)

Describe the participants' level of technology acceptance (control variable)

=> score on the STAM questionnaire. Attitudes toward technology will be measured using the S-STAM (Short-Senior Technology Acceptance Model), a 14-item questionnaire covering four dimensions: attitudes (3 items), control (4 items), anxiety (2 items), and health (5 items). Each item is rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 10. The maximum score is 140. Scores for each Likert scale are recorded. Developed for older adults, it is administered via interviewer assessment (taking approximately 10 minutes).

Visit 1 (48 hours to 15 days after informing the participants)
Usability score (low vs. high executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Compare the usability score between the low executive load interface and the high executive load interface

=> comparison of the usability score (completion time in seconds) between the two experimental conditions (low vs. high executive load).

Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
User experience score (low vs. high executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Compare the user experience score between the low executive load interface and the high executive load interface

=> comparison of the UEQ score between the two experimental conditions (low vs. high executive load).

Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)
Perceived cognitive load score (low vs. high executive load)
Lasso di tempo: Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Compare the perceived cognitive load score between the low executive load interface and the high executive load interface

=> comparison of the perceived cognitive load score between the two experimental conditions (low vs. high executive load).

Visit 2 (24 hours to 1 month after visit 1)

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Stimato)

1 ottobre 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

1 aprile 2028

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

15 maggio 2028

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

8 settembre 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

16 settembre 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

22 settembre 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

22 settembre 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

16 settembre 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 settembre 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • 2026-A01625-46

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .