The Effects of Intermittent Water Consumption and Restriction on Serum Electrolyte Levels in Professional Football Players During Competition
Background: In sports requiring intense physical exertion, particularly in endurance-based disciplines such as football, exercise-induced fluid and electrolyte losses can have adverse effects on thermoregulation, cardiovascular stability, and neuromuscular functions. Failure to balance these losses with adequate and timely rehydration increases the risk of performance decrement and injury. Although the literature indicates that intermittent and individualized fluid intake can mitigate these physiological effects, experimental studies conducted under field conditions with professional athletes remain limited. In this context, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of intermittent water consumption administered during competition on exercise-induced changes in body weight and basic serum electrolyte levels (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl-) in professional football players.
Methods: Twenty-two male football players participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the experimental (intermittent water intake, n=11) or control (ad libitum water intake, n=11) group. Both groups played a 90-minute match; body weight and serum electrolyte levels were measured before and after the competition. The experimental group was provided with a total of 10 mL/kg of plain water, administered before the match and at half-time.
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Statut
Les conditions
Les conditions
Intervention / Traitement
Intervention / Traitement
Type d'étude
Type d'étude
Inscription (Réel)
Inscription
Phase
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Critères de participation
Critère d'éligibilité
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
- Adulte
- Adulte plus âgé
Accepte les volontaires sains
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male professional football players.
- Actively playing for Anadolu Selçukspor in the Turkish Football Federation 2nd League.
- Training at a professional level.
- Having no reported health problems.
- Voluntary participation in the study.
- Providing written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Having any health problem that could affect participation in the football match or study measurements.
- Having an injury or medical condition preventing participation in exercise.
- Refusal to participate or failure to provide written informed consent.
- Not completing the match protocol or pre- and post-competition measurements.
Plan d'étude
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: Autre
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Nombre de bras
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / BrasGroupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / TraitementIntervention / Traitement |
|---|---|
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Expérimental: Intermittent Water Intake Group
Participants in this arm received intermittent plain water intake during the football match.
The total water volume was calculated according to body weight as 2 × 5 mL/kg and was administered in two equal doses: 15 minutes before the match and immediately after the first half.
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Participants in the experimental group received plain water according to body weight.
The total amount was calculated as 2 × 5 mL/kg and was administered in two equal doses: 15 minutes before the start of the football match and immediately after the first half.
Water intake was directly observed and recorded.
Autres noms:
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Aucune intervention: Ad Libitum Water Intake Group
Participants in this arm received no specific hydration guidance during the study and followed their natural thirst-driven drinking behavior throughout the football match.
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Serum Electrolyte Levels
Délai: Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
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Change in serum sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride levels from before to after the 90-minute football match.
Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after the competition to evaluate exercise-induced changes in serum electrolyte balance.
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Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
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Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Body Weight
Délai: Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
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Change in body weight from before to after the 90-minute football match.
Body weight was measured before and after the competition to estimate exercise-induced fluid loss.
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Before and immediately after the 90-minute football match
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Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
Parrainer
Parrainer
Les enquêteurs
Les enquêteurs
- Chercheur principal: Süleyman Patlar, Prod. Dr., Selcuk University
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Réel)
Début de l'étude
Achèvement primaire (Réel)
Achèvement primaire
Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)
Achèvement de l'étude
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
Première soumission
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première publication (Réel)
Première publication
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
Dernière mise à jour publiée
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière vérification
Dernière vérification
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Mots clés
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- SU-FSS-2015-41
Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)
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Description du régime IPD
Délai de partage IPD
Critères d'accès au partage IPD
Type d'informations de prise en charge du partage d'IPD
- PROTOCOLE D'ÉTUDE
Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
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