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A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Nebulized Bacteriophages in Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Due to Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PYOPHANEB)

31 agosto 2026 aggiornato da: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) complicates the hospital course of up to 40% of mechanically ventilated patients and is associated with mortality rates approaching 30%, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy (ATB). Gram-negative bacteria account for approximately 60% of VAP episodes, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) being one of the most common pathogens. Recurrent Pa-VAP occurs in 19-33% of cases outside the COVID-19 setting, whereas recurrence rates as high as 79% have been reported in patients with COVID-19, most often caused by the same pathogen and frequently occurring despite adequate antibiotic therapy.

Several attempts have been made to improve pulmonary antibiotic exposure by combining intravenous therapy with aerosolized antibiotics delivered through conventional nebulizers. However, clinical results have been disappointing, largely because standard jet nebulizers deliver less than 10% of the nominal dose to the lungs owing to high residual volumes, drug deposition within the ventilator circuit and endotracheal tube, and loss through the expiratory limb. Even with more efficient vibrating mesh nebulizers, two recent randomized con-trolled trials failed to demonstrate any clinical benefit of adjunctive nebulized antibiotics in patients with Gram-negative VAP.

Bacteriophages are bacteria-specific viruses that have emerged as a promising therapeutic alternative for difficult-to-treat bacterial infections. Their highly specific host range allows selective targeting of pathogenic bacteria while sparing the commensal microbiota and human cells, thereby minimizing toxicity and off-target effects. An increasing body of preclinical evidence and clinical case reports supports the safety and potential efficacy of anti-P. aeruginosa phage therapy. More recently, a porcine model of Pa-VAP demonstrated that high concentrations of bacteriophages can be efficiently delivered to the lungs by nebulization during mechanical ventilation, resulting in rapid control of the pulmonary infection. The use of phages as compassionate treatment has been authorized in September 2021 in this indication using phages produced by Phagenix- ©.

The aim of this placebo controlled study is to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of nebulized anti-Pa bacteriophages, delivered to the lung using a vi-brating mesh nebulizer, in addition to conventional IV ATB treatment.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Non ancora reclutamento

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

184

Fase

  • Fase 3

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Luoghi di studio

      • Amiens, Francia, 80054
        • CHU Amiens
        • Contatto:
          • Stéphanie MALAQUIN, MD
      • Angers, Francia, 49933
        • CHU Angers
        • Contatto:
          • Pierre ASFAR, MD
      • Bobigny, Francia, 93000
        • Hopital Avicenne
        • Contatto:
          • Sophie NAGLE, MD
      • Clermont-Ferrand, Francia, 63003
        • CHU clermont-ferrand
        • Contatto:
          • Renaud GUERIN, MD
      • Colombes, Francia, 92700
        • Hôpital Louis Mourier
        • Contatto:
          • Baptiste GABORIEU, MD
      • Créteil, Francia, 94000
        • Hopital Henri Mondor
        • Contatto:
          • Pierre BAY, MD
      • Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Francia, 94270
        • Hôpital Bicêtre
        • Contatto:
          • Nadia ANGUEL, MD
      • Nice, Francia, 06200
        • CHU NICE
        • Contatto:
          • Mathieu JOZWIAK, MD
      • Orléans, Francia, 45000
        • Chu Orleans
        • Contatto:
          • François BARBIER, MD
      • Paris, Francia, 75013
        • Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière
        • Contatto:
          • Alexandre BLEIBTREU, MD

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto
  • Adulto più anziano

Accetta volontari sani

No

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients ≥ 18 years old
  2. Intubated and mechanically ventilated for at least 48 hours
  3. Mechanical ventilation expected to continue for at least 3 days
  4. Clinical diagnosis of VAP
  5. VAP due to P. aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa recovered at a significant level from lung sample (≥10^4/ml for BAL or ≥10^5/ml for tracheal aspirate or ≥10^3 CFU/ml for plugged telescopic catheter)
  6. Signed informed consent from the patient or the patient's legal representative or a family member or a close relative. According to the legal conditions of emergency inclusion, randomization without the family member or the surrogate consent could be performed if the patient is unable to give his/her consent and if no legal representative/family member or close relative is present. Close relative/ legal representative/family member consent will be asked as soon as possible. The patient will be asked to give his/her consent for continuation of the trial when his/her condition will allow.
  7. Patient with childbearing potential* should have reliable contraception for the all duration of the study
  8. Affiliation to social security (AME excluded)

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Severe hypoxemia as defined by PaO2/FiO2 < 100 mmHg, except if the patient is on ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)
  2. Impossibility to set a tidal volume of 6 ml/kg of ideal body weight during nebulization without risk of barotrauma
  3. Patients with cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, lung resection, known bronchial obstruction, or active tuberculosis
  4. Patient not expecting to survive 48 hours after randomization
  5. Polymicrobial VAP (presence of pathogens other than P. aeruginosa at a significant level in lung samples (≥10^4/ml for BAL or ≥10^5/ml for tracheal aspirate). If the culture retrieves oropharyngeal flora, even at a significant threshold, in addition to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the patient is eligible.
  6. Contraindication to nebulization
  7. Participation in another interventional study evaluating drugs for VAP or being in the exclusion period following the end of a previous interventional study evaluating drugs for VAP
  8. Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  9. Patients under guardianship or curatorship

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Triplicare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: Bacteriophages GMP
Nebulization of bacteriophages PP1450, PP1777, PP1792 and PP1797 will be performed using a vibrating mesh nebulizer (Aerogen). The aerosol generator will be placed upstream of the heated humidifier, which will remain active during administration. The nebulizer chamber will be filled immediately prior to dosing. When clinically feasible, mechanical ventilation settings will be standardized (volume-controlled mode, tidal volume 6-8 mL/kg ideal body weight, respiratory rate 16-20/min, inspiratory flow <40 L/min), with no specific adjustments for PEEP or FiO₂. Sedation may be used to minimize patient-ventilator asynchrony. Nebulization is expected to last approximately 45-60 minutes. These settings are recommended but not mandatory.
Five administrations of phages daily from D1 to D5
Comparatore placebo: Saline solution
Nebulization of saline solution will be performed using a vibrating mesh nebulizer (Aerogen). The aerosol generator will be placed upstream of the heated humidifier, which will remain active during administration. The nebulizer chamber will be filled immediately prior to dosing. When clinically feasible, mechanical ventilation settings will be standardized (volume-controlled mode, tidal volume 6-8 mL/kg ideal body weight, respiratory rate 16-20/min, inspiratory flow <40 L/min), with no specific adjustments for PEEP or FiO₂. Sedation may be used to minimize patient-ventilator asynchrony. Nebulization is expected to last approximately 45-60 minutes. These settings are recommended but not mandatory.
Five administrations of saline solution daily from D1 to D5

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Proportion of patients alive and cured at D28 and without any recurrence of Pa-VAP between the initial episode and D28.
Lasso di tempo: Day 28

Cure is defined as :

  • Resolution of signs and symptoms of infection
  • Improvement of PaO2/FiO2 ratio as compared to value the day VAP is diagnosed
  • No appearance of new signs of sepsis All 3 criteria must be fulfilled 7 to 10 days after antibiotic initiation

Recurrence is defined as:

-a clinically suspected VAP (fever, radiological opacity, increase in ventilation need)

A microbiological confirmation with Pa recovered at a significant level from lung sample (≥10^4/ml for BAL or ≥10^5/ml for tracheal aspirate or ≥ 10^3 CFU/mL for plugged telescopic catheter).

Day 28

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Lasso di tempo
Resolution of ventilator-associated pneumonia symptoms
Lasso di tempo: Day 7 +/- 3 days
Day 7 +/- 3 days
Incidence of new ventilator-associated pneumonia
Lasso di tempo: Day 7 +/- 3 days and day 14
Day 7 +/- 3 days and day 14
Clinical improvement, defined by a modified Clinical pulmonary infection score <4 (range 0-12, with higher score indicating worse outcome) and no new Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia episode
Lasso di tempo: Day 14
Day 14
Incidence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa detection in respiratory samples
Lasso di tempo: Day 3, Day 5, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14 and Day 28
Day 3, Day 5, Day 7, Day 10, Day 14 and Day 28
Number of days alive
Lasso di tempo: Day 28
Day 28
Number of day without invasive mechanical ventilation
Lasso di tempo: Day 28
Day 28
Number of day without antibiotics
Lasso di tempo: Day 28
Day 28
Anti-phage antibody presence and titers,
Lasso di tempo: Day 1, 7, 10, 14 and 28
Day 1, 7, 10, 14 and 28
Phage neutralization titers
Lasso di tempo: Day 1, 7, 10, 14 and 28
Day 1, 7, 10, 14 and 28
Mortality rate
Lasso di tempo: Day 28 and Day 60
Day 28 and Day 60
Prevalence of ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in fecal and tracheal aspirate samples
Lasso di tempo: Day 28
Day 28

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Stimato)

3 novembre 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

3 dicembre 2029

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

3 gennaio 2030

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

23 luglio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

31 agosto 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

4 settembre 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

4 settembre 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

31 agosto 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 agosto 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • APHP222819
  • 2024-514008-15 (Numero EudraCT)

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

SÌ

Descrizione del piano IPD

The procedures carried out with the French data privacy authority (CNIL, Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés) do not provide for the transmission of the database, nor do the information and consent documents signed by the patients.

Consultation by the editorial board or interested researchers of individual participant data that underlie the results reported in the article after deidentification may nevertheless be considered, subject to prior determination of the terms and conditions of such consultation and in respect for compliance with the applicable regulations

Periodo di condivisione IPD

Beginning 3 months and ending 3 years following article publication. Requests out of these time frame can also be submitted to the sponsor

Criteri di accesso alla condivisione IPD

Researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal

Tipo di informazioni di supporto alla condivisione IPD

  • STUDIO_PROTOCOLLO
  • LINFA
  • ICF

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .