Hybrid Simulation in Postpartum Hemorrhage Training for Nursing Students

Nursing students receiving hybrid simulation-based postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management training.

Students receive interactive hybrid simulation-based training combining standardized patients and task trainers focused on postpartum hemorrhage management skills, clinical decision-making, and team communication.

Nursing students receiving standard postpartum hemorrhage management education.

Students receive traditional curriculum-based theoretical education and standard lecture-based instruction on postpartum hemorrhage management.

Assessed using the Turkish version of the Nursing Clinical Readiness Scale (originally developed by Kim and Shin, 2022; Turkish validation by Kavuran et al., 2023) to evaluate nursing students' clinical readiness in managing postpartum hemorrhage. The scale consists of 35 items rated on a 10-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 10 (strongly agree). Total scores range from 35 to 350 (or mean item scores from 1 to 10), where higher scores indicate a higher level of clinical readiness.

Assessed using the Turkish version of the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (originally developed by Jeffries and Rizzolo, 2006; Turkish validation by Unver et al., 2017). The scale consists of 12 items across two subscales: Satisfaction with Current Learning (5 items) and Self-Confidence in Learning (7 items), rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Scores are calculated by dividing the sum of scores by the number of items, with mean scores ranging from 1 to 5 (total score range: 12 to 60), where higher scores indicate higher levels of student satisfaction and self-confidence in learning.