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Comparison of the Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Degenerative Spinal Diseases: Sevoflurane-Based Balanced Anesthesia Versus Target-Controlled Propofol Infusion (TCI)

8 november 2026 bijgewerkt door: Mateo Peric, University Clinical Hospital Mostar

Comparison of the Inflammatory Response of the Organism After Surgical Treatment of Degenerative Spina Diseases Under Balanced Anesthesia and Target Controlled Infusion Anesthesia

A prospective cohort study with patients undergoing surgery at the Neurosurgery Clinic of the University Clinical Hospital Mostar.

Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria will be: a) patients over 18 years of age undergoing elective surgery for degenerative spine diseases b) ASA status 1-3 Exclusion criteria will be: a) emergency surgeries b) spinal trauma c) allergy to any of the drugs routinely administered during surgery (cefazolin, pantoprazole, metoclopramide, sevoflurane, propofol, fentanyl) d) patients under 18 years of age e) ASA status 4 Variables and Data Sources: General patient data will be collected (gender, age, height, weight), comorbidities, and baseline values for hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), ferritin, blood glucose (BG), creatine kinase, myoglobin, and cholesterol. These values will be monitored on the first and second postoperative days, and the dynamics of the results will be recorded. Intraoperatively, the need for vasopressors and transfusions will be documented, and the occurrence of postoperative infections, as well as postoperative nausea and vomiting, will be monitored.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Patients undergoing surgical treatment for degenerative spinal disease will be randomly assigned to two groups.

The first group will receive balanced anesthesia. Anesthesia will be induced using propofol, fentanyl, and a neuromuscular blocking agent, most commonly atracurium, while hypnosis will be maintained using an inhaled mixture of sevoflurane, oxygen, and air.

The second group will receive total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). Anesthesia will be induced in the same manner as in the first group, while hypnosis during surgery will be maintained by a continuous infusion of propofol, adjusted according to the target plasma concentration of propofol (target-controlled infusion anesthesia - TCI anesthesia), with an oxygen-air mixture.

All patients will have their comorbidities documented, with particular emphasis on obesity, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus. Their American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification will also be recorded.

Patients' sex, body weight, and height will be recorded, and their body mass index (BMI) will be calculated.

Before transfer to the operating room, all participants will receive premedication with midazolam at a dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg. Antibiotic prophylaxis with a first-generation cephalosporin will be administered and repeated every three hours.

Preoperative baseline levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), ferritin, blood glucose, creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin, and cholesterol will be measured. The same laboratory parameters will be assessed on the first and second postoperative days, and changes in their values over time will be recorded. Intraoperative blood glucose levels will also be monitored.

The need for blood product transfusion will be documented.

The depth of anesthesia will be monitored intraoperatively using entropy monitoring, and anesthetic doses will be adjusted to maintain entropy values between 40 and 60.

An arterial catheter will be inserted in all patients for invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring. Blood pressure will be maintained within 30% of the initial recorded value. Hypotension will be treated with ephedrine and/or norepinephrine. The administration of these medications will be documented and compared between the two groups.

Normal saline and other balanced crystalloid solutions will be used for intraoperative fluid replacement.

Before the end of surgery, all patients will receive analgesics for postoperative pain management. Antiemetic medications will also be administered, and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting will be recorded.

Pain levels will be assessed before and after surgery. The duration of anesthesia will be documented. Pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

The incidence of postoperative surgical site infections will also be monitored.

**Exclusion criteria** will include patients under 18 years of age, emergency surgical procedures, surgery for malignant diseases, and patients with contraindications to cephalosporins or any of the anesthetic agents used in the study.

The planned duration of the study is one to two years.

All surgical procedures will be performed in the neurosurgical operating room of the University Clinical Hospital Mostar. Intraoperative computed tomography (CT) with navigation will be used to ensure more precise placement of spinal implants.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

100

Fase

  • Fase 4

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Locaties

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar en ouder (Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • patients over 18 years of age undergoing elective surgery for degenerative spine diseases
  • ASA status 1-3

Exclusion Criteria:

  • emergency surgeries
  • spinal trauma
  • allergy to any of the drugs routinely administered during surgery (cefazolin, pantoprazole, metoclopramide, sevoflurane, propofol, fentanyl)
  • patients under 18 years of age
  • ASA status 4
  • patients with imunosupressive therapy

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Enkel

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Actieve vergelijker: Sevoflurane-Based Balanced Anesthesia

Patients undergoing surgery for degenerative spinal diseases will receive balanced general anesthesia maintained with sevoflurane. The perioperative inflammatory response will be assessed using inflammatory biomarkers.

General anesthesia maintained with inhaled sevoflurane as part of a balanced anesthesia technique during surgery for degenerative spinal diseases.

Experimenteel: Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TCI)

Patients undergoing surgery for degenerative spinal diseases will receive total intravenous anesthesia maintained with propofol administered using target-controlled infusion (TCI). The perioperative inflammatory response will be assessed using inflammatory biomarkers.

General anesthesia maintained with intravenous propofol administered using target-controlled infusion (TCI) during surgery for degenerative spinal diseases.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Before anesthesia induction (baseline), 4 hours and 24 hours after completion of surgery.

Change in serum IL-6 concentration from baseline will be compared between patients receiving sevoflurane-based balanced anesthesia and propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TCI). IL-6 concentrations will be measured using an ELISA assay.

Before anesthesia induction (baseline), 4 hours and 24 hours after completion of surgery.

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

1 november 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

1 juni 2028

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

1 juli 2028

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

8 november 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

8 november 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

13 november 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

13 november 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

8 november 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 november 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • eticko 224/25

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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