Transitioning HIV+ Adolescents to Adult Care: Exploring Adolescent and Adult Medicine Clinics Role in the Process

The changes associated with transition to adult clinical care may increase the likelihood that an adolescent will drop out of care, which results in poorer outcomes. Disengagement from care has implications for health. Disruption in medication can increase viral load (VL), and intensify the potential for co-morbidities and transmission efficiency . Thus, successful transition to adult care is especially important for HIV-positive adolescents (compared to other chronic diseases) as they will need to maintain clinic visits and medication adherence across their lifespan to remain healthy and maintain a low VL to reduce the potential for transmission in the context of other developmental and psychosocial changes and challenges. The ultimate goal of this study is to represent the key places - youth, adolescent clinic and adult clinic - where transition interventions could be targeted and to collect data to capture the key elements and modifiable variables at each level. This study will contribute to existing research by providing transition research on HIV, which differs from other congenital or acquired chronic conditions due to it being an infectious disease; by prospectively following youth as they transition; and by providing transition research from the perspective of receiving adult clinics. It will also illustrate how each level- youth, adolescent clinic and adult clinic - is situated within a specific context and how these levels interact to affect transition outcomes.

This is a multi-method, longitudinal design research study. Subjects must be enrolled in ATN 125 at the time of the ATN 135 baseline visit. There will be no randomization procedures. During the 39-week study, surveys will be administered to adolescents and young adults transitioning to adult care via Audio Computer Assisted Self Interviews (ACASIs), which will collect data on individual (e.g., psychosocial and behavioral) and clinical factors affecting transition at 0 and 39 weeks. Demographic, biomedical, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and healthcare utilization visit information collected through ATN 125 medical chart abstraction will also become part of the ATN 135 subject dataset. One-time phone surveys and interviews with AMTU and adult clinic staff will also be conducted to collect information on transition protocols as well as review of any documentation of existing transition protocols (e.g., transitioning SOP). Outcome measures will include pre- and post-transition VL and other measures of physical and psychosocial health status to compare individuals with different patterns and outcomes of transition.