在餐馆中促进儿童的健康饮食
研究概览
详细说明
餐厅是许多家庭的规范饮食环境。 与在家准备的食物相比,餐馆的食物往往热量更高,营养质量更低。 在餐馆里针对儿童的食物选择有可能改善饮食质量,减少过多的能量摄入,并养成健康的习惯。 本研究的目的是通过结合反复接触和选择架构策略的餐厅内干预,使更健康的儿童膳食选择更具吸引力和更容易选择。
快餐店的六个地点将根据周围人口普查区的收入水平配对。 每对中的一个位置将被随机分配到每个研究组(干预、控制)。 招募和数据收集将在 3 个队列中进行。 招募后,家庭将被要求像往常一样点餐和用餐。 然后,所有参与的家庭将完成对儿童订单、摄入量和人口统计数据的测量。 然后,家庭将收到餐垫和常客卡。 干预餐厅的家庭将收到餐垫,以宣传更健康的特色儿童餐。 这些家庭还将收到一张常客卡,在 6 次购买其中一种特色健康儿童餐后,他们有资格在预定的兑换期内免费享用他们选择的儿童餐。 在对照组中,将在收集基线数据后提供通用餐垫,还将为家庭提供可用于任何儿童餐的常客卡。 在随后的接触期间,每个队列持续约 2 个月,家庭将每周返回他们被招募的餐厅所在地。 餐厅入口处将提供餐垫,餐厅内将展示相应的指示牌。 在干预餐厅,标志将宣传促销餐点和选择玩具代替甜点的选项。 参与活动的儿童将可以在此期间使用他们的常客卡在随后的兑换期间获得免费餐点。 还将要求家庭每周完成一次简短的在线调查,以监测餐厅的光顾情况。 在每家餐厅,研究人员将对参与的家庭和服务员互动的子样本进行观察。 最后,将在预定的赎回期内完成后评估,每个队列持续约 3 个月。 在此期间,餐厅仍会提供餐垫和标牌。 研究人员将收集常客卡,并要求家人像往常一样点餐和用餐,不要扔掉任何食物或剩菜。 在此期间,家庭将能够兑换任何赚取的免费儿童餐。 当一家人吃完饭后,研究人员将走近餐桌,实施研究措施,评估订单、对膳食的看法和摄入量。 最后,还会提示家庭在他们的事后评估后完成在线饮食回忆 (ASA24)。
本研究的具体目的是:(1) 测试更健康的儿童膳食干预对儿童膳食订单的影响,以及 (2) 测试更健康的儿童膳食干预对儿童膳食摄入的影响。 假设 (1a) 干预餐厅的儿童比对照组更有可能在测试后选择一种促进健康的儿童餐,(1b) 干预组的儿童将订购更少的卡路里和甜点以及更少的饱和度测试后的脂肪、钠和糖与对照组相比,(1c) 根据整个研究期间的销售数据,与对照组相比,在干预餐厅订购的儿童餐中,推广的更健康的膳食将占更大比例,以及 (2)与对照组相比,干预组的儿童在测试后会在餐厅摄入更少的卡路里和更少的饱和脂肪、钠和糖。
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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New York
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Buffalo、New York、美国、14214
- State University of New York at Buffalo
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
描述
纳入标准:
- 英语流利(父母/监护人和孩子)
- 18 岁或以上(父母/监护人)
- 4-8岁之间(儿童)
- 每周至少吃一次餐馆的食物(儿童)
- 没有妨碍安全参与研究的过敏症(儿童)
- 招聘/基线评估时在餐厅用餐
- 没有参与这项研究的试点阶段,该阶段涉及在同一家连锁餐厅对可能更健康的膳食选择进行口味测试
排除标准:
- 未满 18 岁(父母/监护人)
- 没有 4-8 岁的孩子
- 不会说流利的英语(父母/监护人和孩子)
- 每周至少一次不吃餐厅的食物(儿童)
- 有妨碍安全参与研究的食物过敏(儿童)
- 招募/基线时不在餐厅用餐
- 参与了这项研究的试验阶段,其中涉及在同一家连锁餐厅对可能更健康的膳食选择进行口味测试
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:预防
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:无(打开标签)
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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实验性的:促进更健康膳食的餐垫和常客卡
参与者将收到餐垫,宣传更健康的特色儿童餐,并有机会用玩具代替甜点来兑换孩子的餐券。
家庭还将收到一张常客卡,在 6 次购买其中一种特色健康儿童餐后,他们有资格在预定的兑换期内免费享用他们选择的儿童餐。
相应的指示牌将显示在餐厅内。
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参与者将收到餐垫,宣传更健康的特色儿童餐,并有机会用玩具代替甜点来兑换孩子的餐券。
家庭还将收到一张常客卡,在 6 次购买其中一种特色健康儿童餐后,他们有资格在预定的兑换期内免费享用他们选择的儿童餐。
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有源比较器:Generic placemats and frequent diner cards
Participants will receive generic placemats listing all of the restaurant's kids' meals.
Families will also receive a generic frequent diner card, which after purchasing (any) kids' meals across 6 occasions, makes them eligible for a free kids' meal of their choice during a predetermined redemption period.
Corresponding signage will be displayed in the restaurant.
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Participants receive generic placemats and frequent diner cards that do not promote any specific kids' meal.
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无干预:Pilot phase
Pilot (taste testing) phase completed before the trial to finalize the healthier meals that would be promoted in the intervention.
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Meal Type Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Whether a healthier children's meal or other children's meal was ordered (bundled meal including promoted healthy main dish, healthy side, and healthy beverage).
Counts reported indicate the number of children who ordered a healthy bundled meal.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Change in Meal Type Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Whether a healthier children's meal or other children's meal was ordered.
Counts reflect the raw change in number of participants ordering the bundled healthy meal from baseline to post-test, by group.
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Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Calories Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total calories ordered
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Change in Total Calories Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total calories ordered
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Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Saturated Fat Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total saturated fat ordered.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Change in Total Saturated Fat Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total saturated fat ordered.
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Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Sugar Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total sugar ordered.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Change in Total Sugar Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total sugar ordered.
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Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Sodium Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total sodium ordered.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Change in Total Sodium Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Nutrition information provided by the restaurant will be combined with parent report of children's orders to calculate total sodium ordered.
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Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Dessert Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Whether or not a dessert was ordered.
Counts below reflect the number of children ordering a dessert at post-test.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Change in Dessert Ordered for Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Whether or not a dessert was ordered.
Numbers below reflect change in likelihood of ordering dessert from baseline to post-test in the context of the generalized linear mixed model with all time points (baseline, midpoints 1-9, post-test).
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Baseline, midpoints 1-9 (weekly assessments about 2 months after recruitment), post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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Calories Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total calories in the full item to calculate calories consumed.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Changes in Calories Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total calories in the full item to calculate calories consumed.
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Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Saturated Fat Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total saturated fat in the full item to calculate saturated fat consumed.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Changes in Saturated Fat Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total saturated fat in the full item to calculate saturated fat consumed.
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Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Sugar Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total sugar in the full item to calculate sugar consumed.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Changes in Sugar Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total sugar in the full item to calculate sugar consumed.
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Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Sodium Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total sodium in the full item to calculate sodium consumed.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Changes in Sodium Consumed at Restaurant by Child in Restaurant
大体时间:Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Children's dietary intake will be measured using plate waste methodology.
Grams consumed will be converted to percentages using total grams from pre-weights, and these percentages will be multiplied by the total sodium in the full item to calculate sodium consumed.
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Baseline, post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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其他结果措施
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Healthier Children's Meals Ordered at Aggregate Level
大体时间:Through study completion, an average of 3 years
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Aggregated sales data from the restaurant will be collected to monitor sales of healthier kids' meals across all patrons in Anderson's restaurants by study group during the study period.
Children's orders were studied in aggregate; thus individual study participants were not studied here.
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Through study completion, an average of 3 years
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Healthier Children's Meals Ordered at Aggregate Level
大体时间:Exposure period (lasting from about 2 to about 4 months after participant recruitment)
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Aggregated sales data from the restaurant will be collected to monitor sales of healthier kids' meals across all patrons in Anderson's restaurants by study group during the exposure period.
Given that the intervention experienced by the general population (as opposed to study participants) is the same during midpoints and post-test, note that here exposure refers to midpoints plus post-test as described in a priori published protocol paper.
Children's orders were studied in aggregate; thus individual study participants were not studied here.
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Exposure period (lasting from about 2 to about 4 months after participant recruitment)
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Healthier Children's Meals Ordered at Aggregate Level
大体时间:Baseline
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Aggregated sales data from the restaurant will be collected to monitor sales of healthier kids' meals across all patrons in Anderson's restaurants by study group during the baseline period.
Only aggregate data were recorded here; no data for individual child participants are available.
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Baseline
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Changes in Kids' Meals Ordered at Aggregate Level
大体时间:1 and 2 years prior to study exposure period
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Aggregated sales data from the restaurant will be collected to monitor sales of kids' meals across all patrons in Anderson's restaurants during time points parallel to the exposure period, 1 and 2 years prior to the study (for historical comparison).
2 years was added after original study planning but before study completion, given that 1 year prior to the study was 2020, a year impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Only aggregate data were recorded here (no individual participant data).
Values from the two time points (1 year prior and 2 years prior) are summed.
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1 and 2 years prior to study exposure period
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Total Daily Calories Consumed by Child
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Parents will report children's daily dietary intake using the Automated Self-administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) the day after the in-restaurant part of the post-test assessment.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Saturated Fat Consumed by Child
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Parents will report children's daily dietary intake using the Automated Self-administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) the day after the in-restaurant part of the post-test assessment.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Sugar Consumed by Child
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Parents will report children's daily dietary intake using the Automated Self-administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) the day after the in-restaurant part of the post-test assessment.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Total Sodium Consumed by Child
大体时间:Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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Parents will report children's daily dietary intake using the Automated Self-administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) the day after the in-restaurant part of the post-test assessment.
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Post-test (about 4 months after recruitment)
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, PhD、University at Buffalo
出版物和有用的链接
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
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