ACL 重建后患者的分级暴露和正念冥想

The participants randomized to the GEMM group will complete 1) written exposure and 2) in vivo exposure and will be asked to rate their task specific fears after baseline tests. Tasks identified to be fearful will be used to develop the graded-hierarchy of fearful situations, and these fearful situations will be addressed in the GEMM. Participants will be instructed to watch a 30-min video that provides education on the rationale of cognitive behavioral therapies, specifically the benefits of exposure therapy and mindfulness meditation. Participants randomized into the GEMM group will also complete 5-weeks of Mobile Mindfulness Meditation. Participants randomized into the GEMM group will be guided through 4, 10-minute Mobile Mindfulness Meditation per week (20 total sessions) via the Headspace mobile application where they will learn the fundamentals of mindfulness meditation and how to apply mindfulness meditation to sports rehabilitation.

Participants will complete graded exposure and will be encouraged to face fear-eliciting situations. Participants will also complete mindfulness meditation guided through the Headspace mobile application. Participants will complete the graded exposure one time per week and will complete the mindfulness meditation 4 times per week.

Participants will be randomized to a waitlist control group. Participants will receive an email stating that they will receive access to 5-weeks of Headspace after 5-weeks. Participants will be also asked to not change their normal routines or download apps for relaxation, meditation, or sleep during 5-weeks. After completion of the outcome assessments at 5-weeks, participants in this group will receive access to 5-weeks of Headspace.

Participants will receive an email stating that they will receive access to 5-weeks of Headspace after 5-weeks. Participants will be also asked to not change their normal routines or download apps for relaxation, meditation, or sleep during 5-weeks. After completion of the outcome assessments at 5-weeks, participants in this group will receive access to 5-weeks of Headspace.

The Photographic Series of Sports Activities for ACLR is a patient-reported outcome designed to measure fear of harm of specific tasks through photographical assessment. Patients will be instructed to rate each photograph of sports activities on a scale of 0 to 10, with 0 representing "not harmful at all" and 10 representing "extremely harmful."

The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 is a valid and reliable questionnaire that consists of 11-items and evaluates fear of movement and re-injury. A 4-point Likert scale is used to score each item. Scores range from 11-44 with higher scores representing higher kinesiophobia.

AIM 1: Determine the efficacy of GEMM compared to a waitlist control group to decrease injury-related fear and reinjury anxiety in participants with a history of ACLR 1-5 years post-reconstruction.

The reinjury anxiety inventory (RIAI) is a valid and reliable 28-item questionnaire of reinjury anxiety which consists of two subscales, rehabilitation reinjury anxiety and reentry into competition reinjury anxiety. A 4-point Likert scale is used to score each item. The RIAI is scored by computing a separate score for the two subscales and adding these scores together for an overall total score. Total score ranges from 0-84 with higher scores representing higher reinjury anxiety

Participants will complete a standardized and novel lower extremity reaction time assessment using the FitLight Trainer. Participants will be instructed to respond to a visual stimulus and deactivate a series of 5 targets arranged in a semicircle with their feet. The protocol will last for 1 minute and completed bilaterally. Test limb order will be counterbalanced between participants. Participants will complete 3 familiarization trials and 1 test trial per limb (ms).